学年高一英语上学期期中试题无答案新版 新人教版1Word文档下载推荐.docx

学年高一英语上学期期中试题无答案新版 新人教版1Word文档下载推荐.docx

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项

（A）

Whetheryourelyonyourbikefortransportationorexercise,you’llenjoythesefunfactsonthistwo-wheeledvehicle.

In1817,KarlvonDrais,aGerman,inventedahorselesscarriagethatwouldhelphimgetaroundfaster.Thetwo-wheeled,pedallessdevicemovedbypushingyourfeetagainsttheground.Themachinebecameknownasthe“draisine”,andledtothecreationofthemodern-daybicycle.Theterm“bicycle”wasnotintroduceduntilthe1860s,whenitwascoinedinFrancetodescribeanewkindoftwo-wheelerwithamechanicaldrive.

OrvilleandWilburWright,thebrotherswhobuiltthefirstflyingairplane,operatedasmallbikerepairshopinDayton,Ohio.Theyusedtheirworkshoptobuildthe1903WrightFlyer.FredA.Birchmore,25,circledtheglobebybicyclein1935.Theentiretrip,throughEurope,Asia,andtheUnitedStates,covered40,000miles.Hepedaledabout25,000miles.Therestwastraveledbyboat.Heworeoutsevensetsoftires.

Inthe1980s,bicycledeliveryservicesdevelopedintoanimportantindustry,especiallyincities,wherethecouriers（快递员）earnedareputation（名声）fortheirhighspeedandtraffic-weavingskills.

Americansusetheirbicyclesforlessthanonepercentofallurbantrips.Europeansbikeincitiesalotmoreoften---inItaly5percentofalltripsareonbicycle,30percentintheNetherlands,and7outof8Dutchpeopleoverage15haveabike.

TheTourdeFranceisoneofthemostfamousbicycleracesintheworld.Establishedin1903,itisconsideredtobethebiggesttestofenduranceoutofallsports.LanceArmstrong,anAmericancyclist,istheonlyridertohavewon7titlesaftersurvivingcancer.

21.Theunderlinedword“coined”inthesecondparagraphcanbereplacedby__________.

A.boughtB.discoveredC.printedD.created

22.Whomadethemostimportantcontributiontothebike?

A.KarlvonDrais.B.TheWrightbrothers

C.FredA.Birchmore.D.LanceArmstrong.

23.Thecouriersinthe1980sinthecitiespreferredthebikebecauseitwas__________.

A.beautifulandproducednonoise

B.asymboloffashionandwealth

C.cheapandcouldbemovedabouteasily

D.fastandrarelyaffectedbytrafficconditions

（B）

Monkeysareverysimilartousinmanyways.Mosthavetenfingersandtentoes,andbrainsmuchlikeours.Infact,CharlesDarwin’stheoryofevolutionsaysthatmonkeyandhumansshareacommonancestor.Weenjoywatchingthembecausetheyoftenactlikeus,andwealsolovetousemanyexpressionsaboutmonkeysinalmosteverylanguage.Thisiswhymanymonkeyexpressionsareabouttrickypeopleorplayfulacts.

Monkeyshineisoneoftheexpressionstoshowtricksorfoolishacts.Themeaningisclearifyouhaveeverwatchedagroupofmonkeysplayfullychasingeachother:

pullingtails,stealingfood,doingtricks.

Monkeyingaroundwithsomethingmeansthatyoudonotknowwhatyouaredoing.Whenyoufeellikedoingsomethingbuthavenofirmideaofwhattodo,youaremonkeyingaround.Itisjustawaytopassthetime.

Monkeybusinessusuallymeanssecret,maybeillegalactivities.Youmaycomeacrossanewreportthatthereismonkeybusinessinvolvedinbuildingthenewairport,withsomeofficialsgettingsecretpaymentsfrombuilders.

Monkeysuitsarecommonnamesforclothesoruniformssoldierswear.InearlieryearsinmanyAmericancities,youwouldfindmenplayingmusicalbandorgansonthestreet.Dancingtothemusicwouldbetheman’ssmallmonkeythatwasdressedinatight-fitting,colorfuljacketsimilartoamilitaryuniform.So,peoplebegantocallamilitaryuniformamonkeysuit.

24.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthesimilaritiesbetweenhumanandmonkey?

A.Mostmonkeyshavetenfingersandtoes.

B.Monkeyshavethesamebrainsashumans.

C.Monkeysoftenactlikehumansinmanyways.

D.Monkeysarehumans’closestrelativesinspecies.

25.Accordingtothepassage,anidle（闲散的）wanderonthestreetcanbedescribedas______.

A.monkeyshineB.monkeyingaround

C.amonkeysuitD.monkeybusiness

26.Monkeysuitsarecommonlyusedtocallmilitaryuniformsbecausethey______.

A.arecreatedparticularlyforsoldiers’uniforms.

B.areoriginallydesignedforAmericansoldiers.

C.sharetypicalfeatureswithmilitaryuniforms.

D.makeAmericansoldierslooklikemonkeys.

27.Mostmonkeyexpressionsare______.

A.usedonlyinwesterncultures.B.usedonsomeformaloccasions.

C.abouttricksandnaughtiness（淘气）.D.aboutterriblefunnybehaviors.

（C）

Thedecisionsthatwemakeshapeusthroughoutourlives.Nomatterwhatdecisionswemake,goodorbad,eachoneputsusonanewroadinthefuture.Makeabaddecision?

Noproblem.Learnfromthedecisionandmakeanotherdecisiontogetonadifferentpath.ThisisadvicethatIgotfromTonyRobbinsinhisbookAwakentheGiantWithin.ThisisabookthatIrecommendtoanyonewaitingtodevelopafirewithintomakechangesintheirlife.IthelpedmetounderstandhowfearofmakingpoorchoiceswashinderingmefrombecomingthegreatmanwhoIamtoday.NowIamnotsayingthatIamawell-knownpersoninanyparticularcircle.ButIamthekingofmycastleworkinghardandtryingtomakegooddecisionsinregardtothepathsthatIhavechosen.Iamagreatmanintheeyesofmywifeandmychildren.AndthatisalltherecognitionthatIneedinmylifetime.AndIknowthatmypastfailureshavebeenthebuildingblockthatIcontinuetobuildmycareerandself-imageinmycommunitythatIlivein.

BenLerer,cofounderandCEOoftheThrillistMediaGroup,isagoodexampleofthis.InanarticleontheFastCompanywebsite,Lerertalksaboutthisverysubject.Hesays,”Ihavetomakesomereallytoughdecisionsbutfinally,Ithinkthebestcompaniesarethosethatcanrecognizewhensomethingisn’tgoingright,andfixit,insteadofjustturningablindeyebecauseit’seasier.”Greatpeoplemakedecisions.Whenadecisiondoesnothavethedesiredresult,makeadifferentdecision.Itdoesnotgetanysimplerthanthat.

28.FromTonyRobbins’bookAwakentheGiantWithin,thewriterknew＿＿＿.

A.makingabaddecisionisveryterrible

B.makingdecisionshelpsusbecomeagreatman

C.beingafraidtomakeabaddecisionisverynatural

D.learningfromthebaddecisioncanhelpmakeanewchoice

29.Theunderlinedword“hindering”canbereplacedby＿＿＿.

A.stoppingB.stealingC.preservingD.requiring

30.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Abaddecisionhasabadeffectonpeople

B.Thebestcompanycanadmitandcorrectabaddecision

C.Peopleshouldlearnhowtomakeagooddecision

D.Makingadecisionismuchsimplerthanchangingone

31.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.OvercomeYourFearsB.TakeAction

C.MakedecisionsD.TrustYourself

（D）

Whatabouttheeffectoflongworkinghoursonyourweight?

Anewpaper,writtenbyJoelleAbramowitz,aneconomist,hassomesurprisingresults.Shestartsoutbyshowingasimplegraph:

thosewhoworklongerareeasytobebigger.

Thatseemsinteresting,butisnotasgoodasexpected.Afterall,theremaybeotherfactorsthatmeanthathardworkingpeopletendtobeoverweight.SoMsAbramowitzusesothermethods,whichallowshertocontrolavarietyofotherfactors,likeincome.Herresultshaveafewsurprises:

thosewithacollegedegreearelikelytobeslimmer（苗条）.Ratherdepressingly,marriageresultsinwomengettingthinner,butmenfatter.

Sheshowsthatforworkersin“non-strenuous（不繁重的）”jobs,likesecretarialworkandaccountancy,tenadditionalhoursspentworkingperweekareconnectedwithanincreaseinbodysizeindex0.4forwomenand0.2formen.Thattranslates,onaverage,intoanincreaseof2.5poundsand1.4poundsrespectively（各自地）.Unsurprisingly,forthosewhosejobsrequireabitofphysicaleffort,theeffectnolongerholds.

Sowhydolonghoursresultinweightgain?

Only20%ofAmericanjobsareevenmildlystressful,comparedto50%in1960.In1960,atenthoftheAmericanworkforcewasinvolvedinagriculture,buttodayit’smorelike1%.Moretimeatthedeskmeanslessmovement.Busypeoplemayhavelesstimetopreparegoodmeals,insteadchoosingatake-away.（managementconsultants,inmyexperienceatleast,tendtoberatherknowledgeableaboutfancyrestaurantsnearthem）.Theyexerciseless.Andworkaholicssleepless:

inadequateshut-eyeisassociatedwithweightgain.

Womengainmoreweightthanmen,MsAbramowitzreasons,becausetheytendtoreplace（替换）workforhealth-improvingactivitieslikeexercise.However,menareprettysedentary,whetherornottheyworklonghours.Somaybedesk-jobbersshouldincludeabitofphysicalityinthedailyhardwork.Standingupwhileworkingisonechoice.

32.WhatcanweknowaboutJoelleAbramowitz’sgraph?

A.Theauthorthinksit’spuzzling.

B.Manypeopledon’tthinkit’sgood.

C.Itincludesmanyfactorsonfatness

D.Itshowspeopleworkinglongputonmoreweight.

33.Whatkindofpeopletendstoputonweightaccordingtothepassage?

A.Peoplewhofeeldepressed.B.Peoplewhohavecollegedegrees.

C.Peoplewhoworkonsecretarialwork.D.Peoplewhoofteneatinfancyrestaurants

34.Comparedtothepast,_____.

A.Americansarefatterbecauseoflackofexercise

B.Americansarefatterbecauseofimprovementoflife

C.Americansbecomefatterbecauseoflessstressfulwork

D.Americansmenaremorelikelytoputonweightthanwomen.

35.AccordingtoJoelleAbramowitz,whichofthefollowingstatementsisCorrect?

A.Thelongeryouwork,thethinneryou’llbe.

B.Womengetfatterwhilemengetthinneraft