宾语从句专项讲解及练习有答案Word格式.docx

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宾语从句专项讲解及练习有答案Word格式.docx

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宾语从句专项讲解及练习有答案Word格式.docx

What’syourtrouble?

What’syourproblem?

What’sup?

What’syourname?

 

典型例题

1.Canyoutellme____?

A.whomdowehavetoseeB.whomwehavetosee

2.Theteacheraskedthestudents____.

A.whattheyweredoingB.whatweretheydoing

3.Shewantstoknow____.

A.wheredoesheliveB.Wherehelives

4.Herfatherasked_____.

A.whothetallestisB.whoisthetallest

5.Doyouknow____?

A.whatisonthedeskB.whatonthedeskis

答案:

BABBA

2.宾语从句的时态

1).若主句时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。

即从句可用所需任何时态,如:

Idon’tthink(that)youareright.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?

HesaysMaryisplayingwiththecat.HesaysMaryoftenplayswiththecat.

HesaysMarywillplaywiththecat.Ithinkheleftyesterdaymorning.

2).如果主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态(一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)。

例如:

Heaskedwhattimeitwas.

Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.

HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.

HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.

直接引语变间接引语时态的变化:

Hesaid,“Maryisplayingwiththecat.”→HesaidMarywasplayingwiththecat.

Hesaid,“hewillgobacktoChinasoon.”→HesaidhewouldgobacktoChinasoon

3).如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时,不受主句时态的限制。

OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.

Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.

Theteachersaid,“themoonmovesaroundthesun.”

→Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.

Hesaid,“lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.”

→Hesaidlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.

【讲解】告诉学生,宾语从句的时态问题仍然只是时态的问题,跟宾语从句其实没啥关系,请不要把这

个当作新的知识点来讲,请用时态的知识点来讲。

4).当主句为Couldyou(please)tellus-----?

时,只表示语气,而不表示过去时态。

典型例题

用所给词的适当形式填空

1.Hesaysthathe_________(read)now.

2.Canyoutellmeifthey_________(finish)theworkalready?

3.DouyouknowwhereJohn________(go)yesterday?

4.Mysistertoldmeshe_________(be)freetomorrow.

5.Iwantedtoknowifyou__________(like)themovie.

6.Theteachertoldustheearth_________(go)aroundthesun.

7.Couldyoutellmeifthere__________(be)ahospitalnearhere?

isreadinghavefinishedwentwouldbelikedgoes

3.宾语从句的连接词

1)、That只起连接作用,在句子中不做句子成分,在口语中常被省略

2)、If和whether起连接作用,不做句子成分。

(注意:

与不定式连用;

做介词的宾语;

与ornot连用-----用whether)。

3)、疑问词who、what、when、where、whom、whose、why、how、

which在句子中既起连接作用,又做句子成分。

4)当主句为Couldyou(please)tellus-----?

4..主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.

Ithinkheisn’tastudent.×

Idon’tthinkheisastudent.√

Idon’tthinkheisastudent.ishe?

如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.

Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?

典型例题

1.Ithinkheisagoodteacher,_____________.(反意疑问句)

I_________thinkhe________goodteacher.(将上句变否定句)

2.Idon’tknowifhe________(come)tomorrow

ifhe_______(come),Iwillhaveapartyforhim

3.DoyouknowwhenMary____________(arrive)?

Whenshe_____(arrive),pleasetellme

4.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?

Canyoutellme___________________therailwaystation?

isn’thedon’tiswillcomecomeswillarrivearriveshowtogetto

5.宾语从句的句型转换

1).陈述句变为that引导的宾语从句

e.g.1.Hesaid,“YouareyoungerthanI”.HesaidthatIwasyoungerthanhim.

2.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent”.HesaysthatTomisagoodstudent.

2).一般疑问句变为if/whether引导的宾语从句

(将普通的一般疑问句变成宾语从句if/whether连接,同时变成陈述句语序。

e.g.1.Shesaid,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?

Shesaidif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper

2.“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?

”heasked.

Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgovisittheGreatWall.

3).特殊疑问句变为who,what,when等引导的宾语从句

(将普通的特殊疑问句变成宾语从句时,从句的语序要由疑问句变成陈述句的语序。

e.g.1.Heasked,“Wheredoyoulive?

”HeaskedwhereIlived.

2.“Howcanwegettothepost-office?

”heasked.Heaskedhowtheycouldgettothepost-office.

4).祈使句变为引导的宾语从句

(将祈使句变为宾语从句时,用ask/tell/ordersb(not)todosth等转述。

e.g.1.MrGreensaidtohisson,“Openthedoor.”MrGreentoldhissontoopenthedoor.

2.Thepoliceshoutedtohim,“Handsup.”Thepoliceorderedhimtoputuphishands.

(一)当主句的谓语动词为一般过去时时,直接引语变为间接引语的时态变化如下:

直接引语

间接引语

一般现在时

一般过去时

现在进行时

过去进行时

过去完成时

现在完成时

一般将来时

过去将来时

2)人称的变化

(1).直接引语中第一人称在间接引语中应与主句的主语人称一致。

Shesaid,“Iliketennis.”→Shesaidthatshelikedtennis.

(2).直接引语中第二人称在间接引语中应与主句的宾语人称一致。

Hesaidtolily,“Youhavetogetupearly.”→Hetoldlilythatshehadtogetupearly.

(3).直接引语中第三人称在间接引语中保持不变。

Hesaidtome,“Theywanttohelphim.”→Hetoldtometheywantedtohelphim.”

【讲解】

(口诀:

一主,二宾,三不变)

典型例题

1.Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)

2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)

3.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.

4.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.

5.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)

6.Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)

7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)

8.Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)

9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)

10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)

11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.

12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?

(take)

13.LingFengtoldmehe_________toseveraltimes.(be)

14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)

15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?

(do)

willbegoeswereplayinghasreturnedhadbeen

weredoingtravelsaretalkingwerewrote

moveshastakenhasbeenrisesdid

课堂检测

Choosethebestanswer.

()1.MissGreendidn’ttellus_____in2009.

A.wheredoessheliveB.whereshelives

C.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived

()2.Wouldyoupleasetellme_____?

A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootball

C.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame

()3.Idon’tknowwhen_____.

A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleave

C.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave

()4.---Wedon’tknow______.

---ItissaidthathewasborninSweden.

A.whatheisB.ifheliveshere

C.wherehecomesfromD.whichcountryishefrom

()5.Doyouknow______duringthecomingsummerholiday?

A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdo

C.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid

()6.Iwanttoknow_____.

A.whatishisnameB.what’shisname

C.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis

()7.Couldyoutellme_____thebikethismorning?

A.howdoeshemendB.howhemends

C.howhemendedD.howdidhemend

()8.Youcan’timagine_____whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.

A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywere

C.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited

()9.Everymorningthepatientsareaskedif______theirtemperaturetaken.

A.theyhadhadB.havetheyhad

C.theyhavehadD.hadtheyhad

()10.It’suptoyoutodecide______you’llgothere,byairorbyroad.

A.howB.whyC.thatD.when

Keys:

1-5.DDBCC6-10.DCBCA

四.学法总结

宾语从句须注意,

几点事项应牢记。

 一是关键引导词,

不同句子词相异。

 陈述句子用that;

一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;

特殊问句更好办,

引导还用疑问词。

 二是时态常变化,

主句不同从句异。

主句若为现在时,

从句时态应看意;

主句若为过去时,

从句时态向前移。

【经典】近年上海中考宾语从句真题

7.Themanagerthatthebusinesswouldbeworseafterthestock(股票)wentdown.(02)

C

A.talkedB.toldCsaidD.spoke,

15.I'

dliketoknow(02)

A.whenwillhegivebackthetape

B.whetherhashereceivedhighereducation

Cthathehasbeenbusy

D.whethershewilljoininourEnglishEvening

D

50.ProfessorNelsonwantedtoknow______.(05)

A)whenwouldtheconferencebegin

B)whentheconferencewouldbegin

C)whenwilltheconferencebegin

D)Whentheconferencewillbegin

B

49.Ourclassteacheraskedthemonitor______.(06)

A)whydidn’tBillcometoschoolB)whydoesn’tBillcometoschool

C)whyBilldidn’tcometoschoolD)whyBilldoesn’tcometoschool

40.I_____youalreadythatwashinghandsoftenwillhelppreventA-H1N1Flu.(09)

A)tellB)toldC)havetoldD)amtelling

48.Couldyoupleasetellus________inShanghai?

(09)

A)whenwillyouvisittheWorldExpo

B)whenyouwillvisittheWorldExpo

C)whentheWorldExpowillyouvisit

D)WhentheWorldExpoyouwillvisit

48.Iwanttoknow__________.(10)

A)whenweshouldarriveattheairport.

B)Whenshouldwearriveattheairport.

C)Whentheairportweshouldarriveat.

D)Whentheairportshouldwearriveat.

A

【经典】近四年一、二模中考真题

1.Aftertheaccident,citizensarewonderingabout____________totheseriousevents.(奉贤区一模43)B

A.willthegovernmenttakeactionB.howwillthegovernmenttakeaction

C.howthegovernmentwilltakeactionD.ifwillthegovernmenttakeaction

2.Ifyoutravelaroundtheworld,youwillbesurprisedat________.(徐汇区一模43)A

A)howdifferenttheforeigncustomsare

B)howtheforeigncustomsaredifferent

C)howdifferentaretheforeigncustoms

D)howaretheforeigncustomsdifferent

3.A:

Couldyoutellme______?

(嘉定一模43)C

B:

Sure.Walkstraightalongthisst

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