英语高三英语阅读理解社会文化试题有答案和解析Word格式文档下载.docx
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sboatswain（水手长）wouldblowawhistle,orpipe,attheendofthedaytoindicate（表明）tothesailorsitwastimetoquietendownandgotosleep.
MostnativeEnglishspeakershaveheardtheexpression"
notenoughroomtoswingacat"
butfewknowthatthe"
cat"
doesnotrefertoasmallfurryanimalwithfourlegsandatail.The"
isactuallyashortformof"
catofninetails"
—awhipwithnine,knotted（打结的）tails.Aboatswainneededalotofspaceinordertoswingthewhipproperlywhenlashing（鞭打）apoorsailorunderhiscontrol!
（1）TheBritishhavebeenstronglyinfluencedbytheseabecause________.
A.
theyoccupiedmorelandaroundtheworld
B.
theygotmorewealthfromthesea
C.
theyliveonanislandsurroundedbythesea
D.
theyhadthelargestnavyever
（2）Ifsomeoneisopenandaboveboard,itmeansheis________.
secretive
honest
cheerful
dishonest
（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
Sailorsneedtogotosleepwhentheyhearawhistle.
Sailorswillbewhippediftheydobusinessbelowdecks.
Apoorsailormaybewhippedninetimesaday.
Thereisnospareroomtoraisecatsonships.
（4）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
ThebusinessonBritishsailingships.
TheinfluenceofBritishsailors'
languageonEnglish.
ThesailinghistoryofEngland.
ThesailingstoryofBritishsailors.
【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，英国作为一个岛国，四周环海，海洋在英国人的生活中起着重要的作用。
英国曾有着强大的海军。
一直以来，水手们经常使用的一些航海术语丰富并影响着英语这门语言。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“Theyaresurroundedbythesea,soitisnotsurprisingthattheseahasalwaysplayedanimportantroleintheirlives.”可知，英国被海洋环绕，海对英国人的生活影响很大。
故选C。
（2）考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“…peoplecommonlydescribeanhonestandfairbusinessdealasbeing“aboveboard”可知，如果”一个诚实公正的人就会被认为是'
aboveboard'
”。
故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Theship'
sboatswain（水手长）wouldblowawhistle,orpipe,attheendofthedaytoindicate（表明）tothesailorsitwastimetoquietendownandgotosleep.”可知船上的水手长会在一天结束的时候吹口哨或吹笛子，向水手们表示应该安静下来睡觉了。
故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。
第一段介绍英国是一个受到海洋影响的国家，四周环海，航海在人们的生活中起着重要的作用。
以此引入主题即水手们在航行时使用的一些航海术语对英语这门语言所产生的影响。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
ItiscommonlybelievedthattheearliestChinesepaper-cutsappearedduringthesixthcentury.Somescholarsbelieveitwasevenearlier.LegendhasitthatduringtheWesternHanDynasty（206BC-AD24）,EmperorWudiwasverysadafteroneofhisfavoriteconcubines,MadameLi,died.ATaoistpriest,LiShaoweng,cutapieceofhemppaperintheshapeofMadameLi.Wheneveningfell,theemperor'
sservantslitcandlesinhisbedroom;
thereflectionofthatpaper-cutonthewallmadetheemperorthinkabouthisbelovedconcubine.
TheYuxianpaper-cutisdifferentfrommostpaper-cutsproducedinotherregionsofChina.Paper-cutsfromotherregionsaremostlycutwithscissorsorknivesfromsingle-coloredpaper,suchasredorblackpaper.
TherearefourmajorprocedurestomakingtheYuxianpaper-cut:
First,sketchthepatternonthedraftpaper;
second,fastenthedrafttothepapertobecut;
third,useaknifetocarveoutthepattern;
andfourth,dye（染色）thepaper-cutwithvariouscolors.
PrecisecuttingskillsareneededtomakeapieceoftheYuxianpaper-cut,whichhighlightsthecraftmaker'
sartistictasteanddyeingskills.Thatexplainsthefollowingsaying:
ThesuccessfulmakingofaYuxianpaper-cutis30percentdependentonthemaker'
scuttingskills,and70percentonthemaker'
sdyeingskills."
ThetraditionalYuxianpaper-cuthighlightstwothemes:
flowersandcharactersinChineseoperas.Thepaper-cutisparticularlyknownforitsvividdescriptionofcharactersinvarioustraditionalChineseoperas.InOctober2009,theartofYuxian'
spaper-cutwasaddedtothelistofIntangibleCulturalHeritage（非物质文化遗产）establishedbyUNESCO（UnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization）.
（1）Thefirstparagraphisactuallyabout___________.
EmperorWudi'
sfavoriteconcubine
theoriginsofChinesepaper-cuts
theinventorofChinesepaper-cut
oneofthethemesofYuxianpaper-cut
（2）Whichisthemostimportantskillofmakingpaper-cut?
Drawingskill.
Cuttingskill.
Dyeingskill.
Carvingskill
（3）Accordingtothepassage,theYuxianpaper-cutisespeciallyfamousforits__________.
livelyimagesofcharactersinclassicoperas
traditionalChineseoperas
Chineseculturalinfluenceonoperas
advancedcuttingtechniques
（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
TheEarliestChineseLegend
TheYuxianPaper-cutSkills
sSadStory
ChineseYuxianPaper-cut
（1）B
（2）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国蔚县剪纸。
（1）考查段落大意。
根据第一段可知，介绍了中国剪纸的起源。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“ThesuccessfulmakingofaYuxianpaper-cutis30percentdependentonthemaker'
scuttingskills,and70percentonthemaker'
sdyeingskills.”蔚县剪纸的成功制作30%取决于制作人的切割技巧，70%取决于制作人的染色技巧。
可知染色技巧对于剪纸最重要。
根据第四段中的“Thepaper-cutisparticularlyknownforitsvividdescriptionofcharactersinvarioustraditionalChineseoperas”剪纸以其对各种传统戏曲中人物的生动描述而闻名。
可知，选A。
通读全文可知，短文主要介绍了蔚县剪纸有四个主要步骤。
制作蔚县剪纸需要精确的切割技巧，这突出了手工艺者的艺术品味和染色技巧。
传统蔚县剪纸突出了两个主题:
中国戏曲中的花和人物。
这些都是围绕着“中国蔚县剪纸”这个主题展开的。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，段落大意和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
GuesswhatformerAustralianPrimeMinisterKevinRudd,FacebookCEOMarkZuckerbergandUnitedStatespresidentDonaldTrump'
sgranddaughter,ArabellaKushner,haveincommon?
TheybothstudyChineseasasecondlanguage.
AlthoughChineseisknownasoneofthehardestlanguagestolearn,alotofpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsarestudyingitwithhopesofbigbenefits.
Nov2sawmorethan120people,comingfrom105countries,competeinthefinalsofthe12th"
ChineseBridge"
ChineseProficiencyCompetitionforforeignsecondaryschoolstudents.HeldinZhengzhou,Henanprovince,thefinalswasmainlymadeupofspeechcontestsandtalentshows.ThecontestantsalsovisitedtheShaolinTemple,LongmenGrottoesandotherhistoricalsitesinHenan.
WhilereasonsforlearningChineseweredifferent,acommononewasinterestinthecountry'
srichcultureandrapiddevelopment.
Raissa,17,fromtheUnionoftheComoros,developedastrongemotionalconnectionwithChinaafterhergrandmotherwascuredbydoctorsoftheChinesemedicalteaminAfricathreeyearsago.ThisledhertolearnChineseatalocalConfuciusInstitute.
FascinatedbyChineseculture,thecompetitorhastakenpartinactivitiesontraditionalChinesemedicineandfolkartsduringherfirsttriptoChina."
MydreamistostudymedicineinChinasothatIcouldcurepatientsliketheChinesedoctorsdid,"
shesaid.
ForFeketeMarcellZoltan,17,fromtheHungarian-ChineseBilingualSchool,studyingChinesemaysecurehimafuturejobasaHungariandiplomat（外交官）toChina."
Aftergraduationfromhighschool,IwouldliketofurthermystudiesinChina,"
hesaid.
RobertDavis,directoroftheChinese-languageprograminChicago'
spublicschoolsystem,maygiveyouahint."
Chineseisn'
tthenewFrench.It'
sthenewEnglish,whichiswidelyusedallovertheworld."
hetoldCGTN.
（1）WhyareMarkZuckerbergandArabellaKushnermentionedinparagraphone?
A.ToshowChineseispopular.
B.Tointroducethemtothereaders.
C.TotellthereaderstheyloveChina.
D.TostresstheimportanceoflearningChinese.
（2）TheunderlinedwordFascinatedinparagraph6canbereplacedby______.
A.Attracted
B.Employed
C.Inspected
D.Appreciated
（3）WhatisthecommonreasonforthecompetitorstolearnChinese?
A.It'
seasytolearn.
B.Theywanttobecomeadoctor.
C.Theyhopeforagoodjobaftergraduation.
D.TheyhaveinterestinChinesecultureandrapiddevelopment.
（4）WhatisRobertDavis'
attitudetolearningChinese?
A.Doubtful.
B.Supportive.
C.Indifferent.
D.Upset.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了汉语变得越来越受欢迎这一现象。
（1）考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“TheybothstudyChineseasasecondlanguage.”以及上文可知，前澳大利亚的首相KevinRudd,脸谱CEOMarkZuckerbergand川普的孙女ArabellaKushner,是为了突出他们都在学汉语，从而表明汉语很流行，所以选A。
（2
升级会员 