考研英语答案解析Word格式.docx

考研英语答案解析Word格式.docx

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[d]wouldbury

2.goodnewswassometimesreleasedprematurely,withthebritish

recaptureoftheport________halfadaybeforethedefendersactuallysurrendered.

[a]toannounce

[b]announced

[c]announcing

[d]wasannounced

3.accordingtoonebelief,iftruthistobeknownitwillmakeitselfapparent,soone________waitinsteadofsearchingforit.

[a]wouldrather

[b]hadto

[c]cannotbut

[d]hadbest

4.shefeltsuitablyhumblejustasshe________whenhehadfirsttakenagoodlookathercityself,hairwavedandgolden,nailsredandpointed.

[a]had

[b]hadhad

[c]wouldhaveand

[d]hashad

[c]for

[d]with

9.conversationbecomesweakerinasocietythatspendssomuchtimelisteningandbeingtalkedto________ithasallbutlostthewillandtheskilltospeakforitself.

[a]as

[b]which

[c]that

[d]what

10.churchasweusethewordreferstoallreligiousinstitutions,________theychristian,islamic,buddhist,jewish,andsoon.

[a]be

[b]being

[c]were

[d]are

partb

[a],[b],[c]and[d].choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.

markyouransweronanswersheet1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterintheracketswithapencil.（10points）

thelostcaroftheleeswasfound________inthewoodsoffthehighway.

[a]vanished

[b]scattered

[c]abandoned

[d]rejected

thesentenceshouldread.“thelostcaroftheleeswasfoundabandonedinthewoodsoffthehighway.”therefore,youshouldchoose[c].sampleanswer

[a][b][■][d]

11.heistooyoungtobeableto________betweenrightandwrong.

[a]discard

[b]discern

[c]disperse

[d]disregard

12.itwasno________thathiscarwasseennearthebankatthetimeoftherobbery.

[a]coincidence

[b]convention

[c]certainty

[d]complication

13.oneoftheresponsibilitiesofthecoastguardistomakesurethatallships________followtrafficrulesinbusyharbors.

[a]cautiously

[b]dutifully

[c]faithfully

[d]skillfully

14.theeskimoisperhapsoneofthemosttrustingandconsiderateofallindiansbutseemstobe________thewelfareofhisanimals.

[a]criticalabout

[b]indignantat

[c]indifferentto

[d]subjectto

15.thechairmanoftheboard________onmetheunpleasantjobofdismissinggoodworkersthefirmcannolongeraffordtoemploy.

[a]compelled

[b]posed

[c]pressed

[d]tempted

16.itisnaivetoexpectthatanysocietycanresolveallthesocialproblemsitisfacedwith________.

[a]forlong

[b]inandout

[c]onceforall

[d]bynature

17.usingextremelydifferentdecoratingschemesinadjoiningroomsmayresultin________andlackofunityinstyle.

[a]conflict

[b]confrontation

[c]disturbance

[d]disharmony

18.thetimberrattlesnakeisnowontheendangeredspecieslist,andisextinctintwoeasternstatesinwhichitonce________.

[a]thrived

[b]swelled

[c]prospered

[d]flourished

19.however,growthinthefabricatedmetalsindustrywasableto________someofthedeclineintheironandsteelindustry.

[a]overturn

[b]overtake

[c]offset

[d]oppress

20.becauseofitsintimacy,radioisusuallymorethanjustamedium;

itis________.

[a]firm

[b]company

[c]corporation

[d]enterprise

21.whenanynon-humanorganistransplantedintoaperson,thebodyimmediatelyrecognizesitas________.

[a]novel

[b]remote

[c]distant

[d]foreign

22.myfavoriteradiosongistheoneifirstheardonathick1923edisondisci________atagaragesale.

[a]trifledwith

[b]scrapedthrough

[c]stumbledupon

[d]thirstedfor

23.somedaysoftwarewilltranslatebothwrittenandspokenlanguagesowellthattheneedforanycommonsecondlanguagecould________.

[a]descend

[b]decline

[c]deteriorate

[d]depress

24.equipmentnot________officialsafetystandardshasallbeenremovedfromtheworkshop.

[a]conformingto

[b]consistentwith

[c]predominantover

[d]providingfor

25.asanindustry,biotechnologystandsto________electronicsindollarvolumeandperhapssurpassitinsocialimpactby2020.

[a]contend

[b]contest

[c]rival

[d]strive

26.theauthorsoftheunitedstatesconstitutionattemptedtoestablishaneffectivenationalgovernmentwhilepreserving________forthestatesandlibertyforindividuals.

[a]autonomy

[b]dignity

[c]monopoly

[d]stability

27.forthreequartersofitsspanonearth,lifeevolvedalmost________asmicroorganisms.

[a]precisely

[b]instantly

[c]initially

[d]exclusively

28.theintroductionofgunpowdergraduallymadethebowandarrow________,particularlyinwesterneurope.

[a]obscure

[b]obsolete

[c]optional

[d]overlapping

29.whoeverformulatedthetheoryoftheoriginoftheuniverse,itisjust________andneedsproving.

[a]spontaneous

[b]hypothetical

[c]intuitive

[d]empirical

30.thefutureofthiscompanyis________:

manyofitstalentedemployeesareflowingintomoreprofitablenet-basedbusinesses.

[a]atodds

[b]introuble

[c]invain

[d]atstake

【篇二：

2001年考研英语阅读解析】

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第一篇

specializationcanbeseenasaresponsetotheproblemofanincreasingaccumulationofscientific

knowledge.bysplittingupthesubjectmatterintosmallerunits，onemancouldcontinuetohandletheinformationanduseitasthebasisforfurtherresearch.butspecializationwasonlyoneofaseriesofrelatedofscientificactivity.

专业化可被视为针对科学知识不断膨胀这个问题所做出的反应。

通过将学科细化成小单元，人们能够继续处理这些不断膨胀的信息并将它们作为深入研究的基础。

但是专业化仅是科学领域内一系列影响交流过程的有关现象之一。

另一现象是科学活动的日益职业化。

noclear-cutdistinctioncanbedrawnbetweenprofessionalsandamateursinscience:

exceptionscanbefoundtoanyrule.specialization（inthenineteenthcentury,withitsconsequentrequirementofalonger,morecomplex

training,）impliedgreaterproblemsforamateurparticipationinscience.thetrendwasnaturallymostobviousillustratedintermsofthedevelopmentofgeologyintheunitedkingdom.

在科学领域内，专业人员与业余人员之间没有绝对的区分：

任何规则都有其例外。

但是“业余”这个词的确有含义：

那就是所指的那个人没有完全融入某个科学家群体，特别是，他可能并不完全认同这个群体的价值观。

（长难句①）19世纪的专业化的发展，以及随之而来的对训练的长期性和复杂性的要求，对业余人员进入科学界造成了更大的困难。

这一趋势在以数学训练或实验室训练为基础的科学领域里自然表现得最为突出，英国地质学的发展可以说明这一问题（长难句②）。

researchintheirownrighthavecontinuedtopursuelocalstudiesintheoldway.theoverallresulthasbeentomakeentrancetoprofessionalgeologicaljournalsharderforamateurs,（aresultthathasbeenreinforcedbythewidespreadconsequenceofthisdevelopment,separatejournalshavenowappearedaimedmainlytowardseitherprofessionaloramateurreadership.arathersimilarprocessofdifferentiationhasledtoprofessionalgeologistscomingtogethernationallywithinoneortwospecific

societies,whereastheamateurshavetendedeithertoremaininlocalsocietiesortocometogethernationallyinadifferentway.

把英国最近一个半世纪的地质学刊物作一比较，人们发现，不仅研究的重要性越来越受到强调，而且学术论文的出版标准也在不断地发生变化（长难句③）。

因此，在19世纪，局部的地质学研究本身就代表了一种有价值的科研；

而到了20世纪，局部的研究只有在包含或考虑到更广阔的地质面貌时才越来越被专

业人员接受（佳句）。

另一方面业余人员继续以旧的方式从事局部的研究。

结果是，业余人员更难在专业地质刊物上发表论文。

这种结果因为评审制度的引入表现得更突出。

开始是19世纪国家级杂志的引入，后来是20世纪数家地方地质杂志的引入（长难句④）。

这样发展的必然结果是出现了针对专业读者和业余读者的不同杂志。

类似的分化过程也导致专业地质学家聚集起来，形成一两个全国性的团体，而业余地质学家则要么留在地方性团体中，要么以不同方式组成全国性的团体。

althoughtheprocessofprofessionalizationandspecializationwasalreadywellunderwayinbritishgeologyduringthenineteenthcentury,itsfullconsequenceswerethusdelayeduntilthetwentiethcentury.insciencegenerally,however,thenineteenthcenturymustbereckonedasthecrucialperiodforthischangeinthestructureofscience.

虽然职业化和专业化过程在19世纪的英国地质学界中己经开始形成，但是它的效果却延迟到20世纪才充分显示出来。

然而，从科学这个整体来看，i9世纪必须被视为科学结构发生变化的关键时期。

21.thegrowthofspecialisationinthe19thcenturymightbemoreclearlyseeninsciencessuchas_______.

[ajsociologyandchemistry

[b]physicsandpsychology

[d]physicsandchemistry

22.wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.

[a]thereislittledistinctionbetweenspecialisationandprofessionalisation

[b]amateurscancompetewithprofessionalsinsomeareasofscience

[d]amateurshavenationalacademicsocietiesbutnolocalones

23.theauthorwritesofthedevelopmentofgeologytodemonstrate______.

[a]theprocessofspecialisationandprofessionalisation

[b]thehardshipofamateursinscientificstudy

[c]thechangeofpoliciesinscientificpublications

24.thedirectreasonforspecialisationis_______.

[a]thedevelopmentincommunication

[b]thegrowthofprofessionalization

[c]theexpansionofscientificknowledge

一、文章结构总体分析

这是一篇论述科学发展的专业化和职业化的文章。

全文客观地描述这一过程，并且以英国地质学的发展为例说明专业化发展导致专业人员和业余人员之间的分化越来越明显。

第一段：

科学知识的积累导致知识的进一步分类和分化，即专业化发展。

与专业化发展同时并存的另一现象是科学活动的日益职业化。

第二段：

专业化的发展给业余研究者的进入带来了困难，这种趋势在某些科学领域尤为突出。

第三、四段指出：

以英国地质学研究为例，说明专业人员和业余人员之间分化越来越明显。

而这种专

业化和职业化的分化过程早在19世纪英国的地质学领域就已经开始形成。

二、试题具体解析

21.thegrowthofspecialisationinthe21.19世纪专业化的发展在____科

19thcenturymightbemoreclearlyseen学领域更为显见。

insciencessuchas____.

[a]sociologya