陕西省商洛市洛南县中学学年高二上学期期末考试英语Word版Word文件下载.docx

陕西省商洛市洛南县中学学年高二上学期期末考试英语Word版Word文件下载.docx

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每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

VolunteerDay

Whatbetterwayistheretoenjoyyourownhobbieswhilehelpingothersatthesametime?

CometoVolunteerDayandchooseanactivityyou’dliketojoinfortheday.SeebelowforascheduleofeventsonVolunteerDay.

VolunteerDaySchedule:

■7:

30a.m.:

MeetattheCommunityCenterforjuiceandbagels.

■8；

00-8：

Choosewhichactivityyou’dliketohelpwithfortheday.

■8:

Boardthebustoyouractivitysite.

■9:

00a.m.3:

30p.m.:

Workasavolunteer.

■3:

BoardthebusthatwilltakeyoubacktotheCommunityCenter.

SeebelowforalistofvolunteeropportunitiesforVolunteerDaysoyoucanbeginthinkingaboutwhichactivityyoumightwanttojoin.

Alistofvolunteeractivities:

PaintHouses:

HappyHomesisalocalorganizationthatprovideshomepainting.Forelderlyorphysicallydisabledpeoplewhocannotdorepairstotheirhomes.HappyHomesprovidesvolunteerpainterstorepairoldhouses.

Plantflowers:

Helpplantflowersandbushesincityparks,helplaypathsatCaveSpringsPark,orhelppickuprubbisharoundtheriverbanks.

Readtochildren:

LoveandLearningisanorganizationthatprovidesvolunteerstohelpchildrenwithlearningdisabilities.Readbooksoutloudtogroupsofchildrenfourtosixyearsold,orreadone-on-onewithstrugglingreadersseventoeightyearsold.

Playwithanimals:

LovelyFriendsisanorganizationthatvisitslocalanimalsheltersandprovidesvolunteerstospendtimewiththeanimalswhiletheircagesarebeingcleaned.

21.Atwhattimedovolunteersleavefortheiractivitysites?

A.7:

30a.m.B.8:

00a.m.C.8:

30a.m.D.9:

00a.m.

22.Anoutdoorloverprobablytakespartin.

A.PlantflowersB.PainthousesC.ReadtochildrenD.Playwithanimals

23.WhatdoLovelyFriendsvolunteersdo?

A.Readbookstochildren.B.Spendtimewithanimals.

C.Helpplantbushesinparks.D.Pickupgarbagealongtheriver

B

TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthatmillionsofpeoplearedyingeveryyearfromindoorairpollution.TheWHOfindsthatpoorcooking,heatingandlightingtechnologiesarekillingmillionsofpeopleeachyear.Indoorairpollutionresultsfromtheuseofdangerousfuelsandcook-stovesinthehome.Tohelpfighttheproblem,theWHOannounced,newguidelinesaimedatreducinghouseholdpollutants.

WHOofficialssaynearlythreebillionpeopleareunabletousecleanfuelsandtechnologiesforcooking,heatingandlighting.Andtheysaymorethansevenmillionpeoplediefromexposuretoindoororoutdoorairpollutioneachyear.Ofthatnumber,theWHOsaysabout4.3millionpeoplediefromhouseholdairpollutiongivenoffbysimplecoalcook-stoves.WHOofficialssayindoorpollutionleadstoearlydeathsfromstroke,heartandlungdisease.Themainvictimsarewomenandgirlsindevelopingcountries,wheretheyusuallystayathomeanddothehouseholdwork.

CarlosDoraisCoordinatorintheWHO’sDepartmentofPublicHealth,EnvironmentalandSocialDeterminantsofHealth.Hesayspeopleshouldnotuseunprocessedcoalandkerosene（煤油）fuelindoors.Hesaysopeningawindowordoortoletouttheharmfulairwillnotimprovethesituation.Itwillonlypollutetheoutdoors.

NigelBruceisaprofessorofPublicHealthattheUniversityofLiverpool.Hesaysresearchersaredevelopinggoodcook-stovesandotherequipmenttoburnfuelsinamoreefficientway.

WHOexpertsnotesomenew,safeandlow-costtechnologiesthatcouldhelparealreadyavailable.InIndia,youcanbuyaninduction（电磁）stoveforabout$8.00.AndinAfricayoucanbuyasolarlampforlessthan$1.00.But,this,theagencysays,isjustastart.Itisurgingdevelopingcountriestousecleanerfuelsandincreaseaccesstocleanerandmoremoderncookingandheatingitems.

24.Whatdoes“theproblem”inparagraph1referto?

A.Indoorairpollution.B.Cookinghabits.

C.Poorcook—stove.D.Useofnaturalgas.

25.Whyarewomenandgirlsthemainvictimsoftheindoorpollution?

A.Theyareveryweakinthedevelopingcountries.

B.Theyaremoresensitivetotheindoorpollution.

C.Theyareexposedtotheindoorpollutionmore.

D.Theyarelackofdoingmoreexerciseoutdoors.

26.Whichofthefollowingisagoodwaytoavoidindoorairpollution?

A.Toopenawindowwhilecooking.

B.Touseunprocessedcoalindoors.

C.Topopularizethetraditionalcook—stovesinthehome.

D.Topromotethecleanerandmoderncookingitems.

27.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Howtopreventpollution

B.Howtoprotectwomenandgirls

C.Indoorpollutionkillsmillionseachyear

D.Theimportanceofhealthindevelopingcountries

C

Manyfactssuggestthatchildrenareoverweightandthesituationisgettingworse,accordingtothedoctors.Ifeelthereareanumberofreasonsforthis.

Somepeopleblamethefactthatwearesurroundedbyshopssellingunhealthy,fattyfoods,suchasfriedchickenandicecream,atlowprices.Thishasturnedoutawholegenerationofgrown-upswhoseldomcookamealforthemselves.Iftherewerefeweroftheserestaurants,thenprobablychildrenwouldbuylesstake-awayfood.

Thereisanotherargumentthatblamesparentsforallowingtheirchildrentobecomeoverweight.Iagreewiththis,becausegoodeatinghabitsbeginearlyinlife,longbeforechildrenstarttovisitfastfoodshops.Ifchildrenaregivenfriedchickenandchocolateratherthanhealthyfood,orarealwaysallowedtochoosewhattheyeat,theywillgoforsweetandsaltyfoodseverytime,andthiswillcarryonthroughouttheirlives.

Thereisathirdreasonforthissituation.Childrenthesedaystakeverylittleexercise.Theydonotwalktoschool.Whentheygethome,theysitinfrontofthetelevisionortheircomputersandplaycomputergames.Notonlyisthisanunhealthypastime（消遣）,italsogivesthemtimetoeatmoreunhealthyfood.Whattheyneedistogooutsideandplayactivegamesorsports.

Theabovearethemainreasonsforthisproblem,andthereforewehavetoencourageyoungpeopletobemoreactive,aswellassteeringthemawayfromfastfoodshopsandbadeatinghabits.

28.Accordingtothetext,whatkindofchildrenmayeatmoreunhealthyfood?

A.Thosewhooftendosports

B.Thosewhooftenwalktoschool

C.Thosewhooftenwatchtelevision

D.Thosewhooftenhavemealsathome

29.Theauthorthinksthatchildrenarebecomingoverweightbecause_____.

A.theirparentsoftencookmealsforthem

B.theyaretoobusytogooutandplay

C.theycan'

tchoosewhattoeat

D.therearetoomanyfastfoodshopsaround

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"

steering"

inthelastsentencemostprobablymeans?

A.movingB.forcing.C.drivingD.guiding.

31.Themainpurposeofthetextisto.

A.tellastoryB.providefactsC.giveadviceD.compareopinions

D

Humansspendnearlyathirdoftheirlivessleeping.Goingwithoutsleepwillmakeyoupsychotic（精神错乱）and,eventually,killyou,It'

sclearthatshut-eyeisimportanttothebody’sabilitytofunction.Butnooneknowswhatsleepactuallydoes.“It'

ssortofembarrassing.”saidDr.MichaelHalassa,aneuroscientistatNewYorkUniversity."

It’sobviouswhyweneedtoeatbutit'

snotclearwhyweneedtosleepatall

We’reeasilyhurtwhenwe’reasleep,sowhateversleepdoes,itmustbeworththeriskofthebraintakingitselfmostlyoffline.Thereareafewtheoriesaboutwhywesleep,andalthoughnoneofthemaretotallysolid,afewtrytoexplainwhathappenseachnight,pullinginresearchontopicsrangingfromcellularprocessestocognition.Researcherssayitdoesseemclearthatsleepiskeytothebrain’sabilitytorecogniseitself.It’snothardtoprovethatsleepisimportant.Ratstotallydeprived（剥夺）ofsleepdiewithintwoorthreeweeks,accordingtoresearchbythepioneeringuniversityofChicagosleepscientistsAllanRechtschaffen.Noonehasdonesimilarexperimentsonhumans,buta2014studypublishedinTheJoumalofEurosciencefoundthatmere24hoursofsleepdeprivationcausedheathypeopletohavehallucinations（幻觉））andotherpsychoticsymptoms.

Onereasonwhyitisdifficulttogetahandleonwhywesleepisthatsleepisactuallyprettydifficulttostudy.Sleepdeprivationstudiesarethemostcommonwaytostudysleep,butdeprivingananimalofsleepdisturbsmanyofitsbiologicalsystems.It'

shardtotellwhichoutcomesaredirectlyduetosleepdeprivationratherthan,say,stress.

Theotherreasonwhysleepishardtounderstandisthatthebrainmaybedoingtwodifferentthingsduringthetwomajorstagesofsleep.Asthenightwearson,sleeperscyclethroughnon-rapideyemovement（non-REM）andrapideyemovement（REM）sleep.Thebrain'

selectricalactivityduringREMsleeplooksmuchlikeitdoeswhenapersonisawake,butthemusclesofthebodydon'

twork.

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"

getahandleon"

meaninthethirdparagraph?

A.dealwithB.keeppacewith

C.takecontrolofD.getanunderstandingof

33.Whichofthefollowingmayscientistshavenodoubtabout?

A.Whyweneedsleep.B．Sleepisimportant

C.Sleepiseasytostudy.D.Stresscausessleepdeprivation

34.Whyhasnobodydonesleep-deprivationexperimentsonhumans?

A.Theycosthumans’life.

B.Theydogreatharmtohumans.

C.Allbiologicalsystemsmaybedisturbed.

D.Humanbrainsdodifferentthingsduringsleep.

35.Wherecanthispassagemostprobablybefound?

A.Inascientificreport.B.Inalifestylereport.

C.Inanofficialdocument.D.Inabookreview

第二节（共5