ATHESISSUBMITTEDFORTheSubjunctiveMood虚拟语气毕业论文Word文档格式.docx
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1」nthesubjunctivemoodinIndo-Europeanlanguage4
Subjunctiveusageintheclause5
Subjunctiveadverbialclauseforconditions5
Subjunctiveclausefortheobject6
Subjunctivemoodforbreedingplants,withdesired6
Subjunctiveclausesforthesubject6
Fortheattributiveclausesubjunctive7
Subjunctivemoodinasifthough,evenifthough,oradverbialclausein
theapplication7
Subjunctivemoodisusedinexclamatorysentencesifonlytoguidethe7
Subjunctivemoodintheapplicationofasimplesentence7
Speakingoftheuseofthesubjunctive8
Subjunctivesentencesforthewishes8
5Subjunctivemoodinthemovie8
SubjunctivemoodinEnglishTeaching9
Graspthenatureofthesubjunctive9
tosettheteachingsituation,toimproveteachingeffectiveness9
Conclusion11
References1
#
Introduction
Ingrammar,thesubjunctivemood(sometimesreferredtoasconnectiontone)isthatmanyIanguageshavetheverbtone.Itistypicallyusedinthesubordinateclauseexpresseshope,order,emotion,possibility,judgments,necessity,orwiththecurrentrepresentationtothecontrary.DetailsofthesubjunctivewiththeIanguagedifference.Subjunctivethatthesubjectivedesireofthespeaker,assuming(imaginary),speculationorsuggestion,doesnotmeanthatthefactsexistobjectively.
1lnthesubjunctivemoodinIndo-Europeanlanguage
ReconstructionoftheoriginalIndo-EuropeanIanguageisalotofhypotheticalIanguagefamilyancestors.IncludingRomaneeIanguages,CelticIanguages,GermanicIanguages(includingEnglish),SlavicIanguages,manyoftheIndiansubcontinentorthePersianIanguageandIranianIanguages,andsomeotherIanguages.Ithastwocloselyrelatedmood:
thesubjunctiveandoptative.ManyofitsdaughterIanguagescombinedoracombinationofthesemood.
IntheIndo-EuropeanIanguages,theformationofthesubjunctiveverbrootwiththefullvowelchangeclass,andaddthestemvowel*-e-or*-o-totheverbroot,inflectedwithaperson'
scomplete,originalCollection.SubjunctivemoodistheIndo-Europeannon-reality(irrealis)statements,forthehypothesisorcounterfactualsituation.
Optativeusethesuffix*-iehlor*-ih1(withtheguttural)toform.Optativeuseofsecondaryattachmentcalledinflectionmorphemescollection.Optativeusedtoexpresshopeorwishes.
IntheIndo-EuropeanIanguage,onlyAlbanian,Avestan,AncientGreek,Sanskrit,andtosomeextentintheOldChurchSlavonicremaincompletelyseparateandparalleltothesubjunctiveandoptative.However,inSanskrit,theuseofthesubjunctiveisonlyfoundintheearlierVedicIanguage,comparedtopraytoneandlessuseoftheimperativemood.InthelatterpartoftheIanguage(sineeC.5BC)inoutoftheuseofthesubjunctive,optative,orimperativemoodasanalternative.However,first-personsubjunctiveformofcontinueduse,infact,beentransferredtotheimperativemood,anditdidinthepast,suchasGreek,notthefirstpersonform.
Throughthesubjunctiveverbformtoexpresstheparticular,itsusemoreThroughouttherelevantliterature,mainlyinthefollowing8kindsofusage:
2“Subjunctiveadverbialclauseforconditions
saidthatwiththepresentassumptionscontrarytofact,conditionsintheverbadverbialclauseof"
thepasttense(bethepasttenseofverbsusedwere),whilethemainclauseofthepredicateverb"
would(should,could,might)"
Verbprototype."
Forexample:
Ifhehadtime,hewouldjoinyourbirthdayparty.
Thefactthatcontrarytopastassumptions,conditionsadverbialclauseofthepredicateverb"
hadpastparticiple"
themainclausepredicateverb"
would(should,could,might)havepastparticiple."
Forexample:
Ifyouhadputontheraincoat,youwouldn'
thavegetwet
thefactthattheoppositeassumptionandthefuture,theconditionsofadverbialclauseandmainclauseverbusedwith"
andnowthefactthattheoppositeofthehypothesis"
thesameverb,oradverbialclauseconditionsusing"
wereto(should)beheldatonce.
"
Forexample:
Ifitweretoraintomorrow,themeetingwouldbeputoff..
Subjunctiveclausefortheobject
wishobjectclause"
meansthatexpectationscannotbeachieved,meaning"
like,"
and"
sorryyou"
"
Ihope"
andsoon.Inpractice,saidthedesirecannotbeachievednow,clauseverbthepasttensetoindicatefutureaspirationscannotbeachievedwith"
would(could)beheldatonce"
;
thattheaspirationsofthepastcannotbeachievedwhentheuseof"
orIs"
would(could)havepastparticiple."
Forexample;
a:
Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround..
subjunctiveverbarrange,command,demand,desire,insist,order,propose,request,require,Suggest,recommend,prefer,settle,desire,want,etc.usingthebackoftheobjectclause"
(shouldbeomitted)verbPrototype."
Wesuggestedthatwe(should)haveameetingothersentences.
hopeobjectclauses,clausesintheapplicationwould,ratherthanusingshould.
thesubjunctivemoodforbreedingplants,withdesired
Foradvice,idea,order,demand,plan,proposal,suggestion,requestsuchtermsarewrongandwithdesired,usethesubjunctiveverbstructure"
(should)beheldatonce."
Weallagreedtohissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoBeijingforsightseeing
Subjunctiveclausesforthesubject
Inthesubjectclause,thesubjunctiveverbstructures"
shouldbeheldatonce,"
thestructureof,oh,donotbelievethat,sorry,itshouldbeso.Shouldthisfortheauxiliary,hehasnopracticalsignificanee,thisclausebytheconjunctionthatthesubjectguide,commonlyusedinitis(was)important(necessary,desirable,imperative,advisable,etc)that...sentence.
forexample:
Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)thatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday.
Fortheattributiveclausesubjunctive
Thisclauseisoftenusedinitis(high)time(that)sentence,theattributiveclausewiththevirtualpasttenseverb,orshouldbeheldatonce(should)notbeomittedatthistime,beusedweretoThattranslatedinto"
Now"
Itishightimeweleft(shouldleave
Subjunctivemoodinasifthough,evenifthough,oradverbialclauseintheapplication
Iftheclausethattheactionoccurredinthepast,usingthepastperfect;
referstothecurrentsituation,thepasttense;
referstothefuturewiththepastisthefuturestyle.
Helookedasifhewereanartist.
Subjunctivemoodisusedinexclamatorysentencesifonlytoguidethe
Conditionalnon-realresultsiftheomittedmainclause,thenanimpossibledesire,oftenusedinsentencessuchconditionsifonlyinthebootoftheexclamatory.Example:
IfonlyIwereabird!
Subjunctivemoodintheapplicationofasimplesentence
A.pasttenseofmodalverbsusedinthepresenttense,itindicatesthatthe
speakerisveryhumble,polite,politetone,oreuphemism,thiscaseoftenappearsineverydayconversation.
Itwouldbebetterforyounottostayuptoolate
B.usedinsomeidiomaticexpression.
Wouldyoulikeacupofteac.for"
maybeheldat
once"
means"
hope"
"
hope."
Butmayneedtobeplacedinthesentence,suchas:
Mayyoubehappy!
Mayyousucceed!
Speakingoftheuseofthesubjunctive
CommonIanguagespokeninthesubjunctivemoodisapoliteeuphemismtone
look.Atthispointmorebythepredicateshouldwouldcouldmight+verbformprototype.
(1)Perhapsyoucoulddobetterthisway.
(2)MightIaskyoua
questionnow(3)Couldyouleaveyouphonenumber
Subjunctivesentencesforthewishes
(1)Longlivethepeople!
(2)Godblessyou.(3)Mayyousuccess!
Subjunctivemoodinthemovie(TITANIC)
1Jack:
IfIhadn'
metyouinmylife,Iwouldhaveregrettedallmylife.
Rose:
Iftherescueworkerscamenow,wewouldberescued.
Jack:
Ifyoushouldbealive,youwouldhaveahappylife.
2IfJackhadn'
twonhis-tHaishticketinapokergame,hewouldn'
thave
metRoseandifJackwerealivenow,hewouldmarryRose.Iftheyweretomarry,theyshouldliveahappylifeinthefuture.
3JackfoundapieceofwoodandletRoselieonitwhilehewasinthecoldwater.
IfJackhadn'
tfoundapieceofwood,hewouldn'
thavetlwhRoseliwasn
inthecoldwater.
4Becauseofthefreezingwater,Jackdied
Ifthewaterhadn'
tbeenfreezing,Jackwouldn'
thavedied.
5Atlast,theres