英语高考英语阅读理解解题技巧超强及练习题含答案Word格式文档下载.docx

英语高考英语阅读理解解题技巧超强及练习题含答案Word格式文档下载.docx

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onepieceforeachdisk.ThemonkeyschosetotrademorewithAllison.

ExperimentTwo:

Allisoncontinuedtosometimesgavetwopiecesandsometimesonepiece.Butnow,halfthetime,Jakegavetheoneapplepiecehewasshowing,andhalfthetimeheaddedabonus.Guesswhat?

ThemonkeyschosetotrademorewithJake.

Inthefirstexperiment,themonkeyscorrectlyfiguredoutthatiftheytradedwithAllison,they'

dendupwithmoretreats.Inthesecondone,whenamonkeyreceivedtwopiecesfromJake,itseemedlikeagain.WhenAllisongavethemonkeyonlyonepieceinsteadofthetwosheshowed,itseemedlikealoss.ThemonkeyspreferredtradingwithJakebecausethey'

drathertakeachanceofseemingtowinthanseemingtolose.

Wealsosometimesmakesillybusinessdecisionsjusttoavoidthefeelingthatwe'

regettingless,evenwhenwerenot.Wouldyouhavemadethesamechoices?

（1）Whatconclusionmightexpertsdrawfromthefirstexperiment?

A. 

Themonkeysshowcertainbusinesssense. 

B. 

Businesstheoriescanapplytoallmonkeys.

C. 

Peoplearesmarterintermsoffinance. 

D. 

It'

seasytoteachmonkeyshowtotrade.

（2）Whatdoesabonusinparagraph5referto?

Ametaldisk. 

Anapplepiece. 

Achance. 

Acoin.

（3）WhydidthemonkeyschoosetotrademorewithJakeinthesecondexperiment?

BecauseJakealwaysgavethemtwoapplepieces. 

BecausetheapplepiecesfromJakewereyummy.

Becausetheydidn'

tlikethefeelingoflosing. 

BecausetheygetmoreapplepiecesfromJake.

（4）Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

People'

sBusinessDecision:

LoseorGain?

Moneky'

sBusinessSense:

SmartorSilly?

ShoppingforBargain:

Sameordifferent?

DiskforApple:

WhotoTradewith?

【答案】

（1）A

（2）B

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家们通过实验来说明，“猴子的商业意识：

聪明还是愚蠢？

”

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“ThemonkeyschosetotrademorewithAllison.”可知，专家们从第一个实验中得出的结论是“猴子表现出一定的商业意识。

”故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“halfthetime,Jakegavetheoneapplepiecehewasshowing,andhalfthetimeheaddedabonus.可知，abonus指代的是“一块苹果”，故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“ThemonkeyspreferredtradingwithJakebecausethey'

drathertakeachanceofseemingtowinthanseemingtolose.”可知，猴子在第二个实验中会选择与杰克进行更多的交易是因为他们不喜欢失去的感觉。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第二段中的“Researchersrecentlytaughtsixmonkeyshowtousemoney....Themonkeyssoonfiguredoutthatiftheygaveoneofthediskstoascientist,theydreceiveapieceofappleinreturn.”和最后一段中的“Wealsosometimesmakesillybusinessdecisionsjusttoavoidthefeelingthatwe'

”可知，本文说的是，猴子的商业意识：

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Imagineyourclothingcouldreleaseenoughheattokeepyouwarmandcozy,allowingyoutostaycomfortableinacoolerroom.Or,pictureacarwindshieldthatstoresthesun'

senergyandthenreleasesitasheattomaketheiceonthewindshielddisappear.

AccordingtoateamofresearchersatMIT,bothcasesmaybepossiblebeforelong,thankstoanewmaterialthatcanstoresolarenergyduringthedayandreleaseitlaterasheat.Thistransparentpolymerfilmcouldbeappliedtomanydifferentsurfaces,suchaswindowglassorclothing.

Solarenergyisonlyavailableabouthalfthetimeweneedit—duringdaylight.Forthesuntobecomeamajorpowerproviderforhumanneeds,therehastobeanefficientwaytosaveitupforuseduringnighttimeandstormydays.Mostsucheffortshavefocusedonstoringandrecoveringsolarenergyintheformofelectricity,butthenewfinding,byMlIprofessorJeffreyGrossman,PostdocDavidZhitomirskyandgraduatestudentEugeneCho,couldprovideahighlyefficientmethodforstoringthesun'

senergythroughachemicalreactionandreleasingitlaterasheat.

Thekeytoenablinglong-term,stablestorageofsolarheat,theteamsaid,istostoreitintheformofachemicalchangeratherthanstoringtheheatitself.Butheatwilldisappearovertimenomatterhowgoodthematerialarounditis,sotheteamsetupachemicalstoragesystemthatcankeeptheenergyinastablemolecularconfiguration.Whenexposedtosunlight,themoleculescanstaythatwayforlongperiodsThen,whentriggered（触发）byaveryspecifictemperatureorsomethingelse,themoleculesreturntotheiroriginalshape,givingoffheatintheprocess.

Suchchemically-basedstoragematerials,knownasSolarThermalFuels（STF）,havebeendevelopedbefore.Butthoseearliereffortsweredesignedtobeusedinliquidsolutionsandnotabletomakedurable（耐用的）solid-statefilms.Thenewapproachisthefirstbasedonasolid-statematerial,inthiscaseapolymer,andthefirstbasedoninexpensivematerialsandwidespreadproductiontechnology.

（1）WhatisthemainpurposeofParagraph1?

A.Toshowthemainideaofthepassage.

B.Topracticereaders'

imagination.

C.Tointerestreadersinthepassage.

D.Tointroduceanewkindofmaterial.

（2）Accordingtothepassage,whatcanthepolymerfilmdo?

A.Itcanbemadeintowindowglass.

B.Itcanmakenecessaryelectricity.

C.Itcanstoreenergyandreleasesunshine.

D.Itcanabsorbsunshineandgiveoffheat.

（3）Accordingtothepassage,whatisSTFbasedon?

A.Thechemicalreaction.

B.Themovementofheat.

C.Theformofelectricity.

D.Thephysicalreaction.

（4）Whatistheadvantageofthemolecularconfiguration?

A.Itislessexpensive.

B.Itisverypowerful.

C.Itiseasilyavailable.

D.Itislesschangeable.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新型材料，它可以通过自身吸热并储存热量，之后能够根据需要释放热。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段“Imagineyourclothingcouldreleaseenoughheattokeepyouwarmandcozy,allowingyoutostaycomfortableinacoolerroom.Or,pictureacarwindshieldthatstoresthesun'

senergyandthenreleasesitasheattomaketheiceonthewindshielddisappear.”想象一下你的衣服可以释放足够的热量让你温暖和舒适，让你可以在冰冷的房间里保持舒适。

或者，再想象一下车的挡风玻璃可以储存太阳的能量，然后释放热量使挡风玻璃上的冰消失）可推测，本段以衣服和骑车挡风玻璃为例，提到了如果衣服能够吸热和放热、汽车的挡风玻璃能够吸热和自动除冰那该是多么好的事，以此来吸引对着对本文的兴趣。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“thankstoanewmaterialthatcanstoresolarenergyduringthedayandreleaseitlaterasheat.Thistransparentpolymerfilmcouldbeappliedtomanydifferentsurfaces,suchaswindowglassorclothing.”多亏了这种能在白天吸热之后以热能形式释放的新型材料，这个透明的聚合物膜可以应用于许多不同的表面，如窗户玻璃或服装）可知，这种聚合物膜可以吸热，此后再以热能的形式释放出来。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Suchchemically-basedstoragematerials,knownasSolarThermalFuels（STF）,havebeendevelopedbefore.”这种以化学反应为基础的储存材料，即太阳能热燃料（STF），以前就已经被开发出来了，可知，STF是以化学反应为基础。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“Butheatwilldisappearovertimenomatterhowgoodthematerialarounditis,sotheteamsetupachemicalstoragesystemthatcankeeptheenergyinastablemolecularconfiguration.”但是热量会随着时间的推移而消失，不管周围的物质有多好，所以研究小组建立了一个化学储存系统，可以将能量保持在一个稳定的分子结构中）可推断，这种分子结构的优势是相对稳定。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Learning,FastandDeep

Overthepastfiveyearsresearchersinartificialintelligencehavebecometherockstarsofthetechnologyworld.AbranchofAIknownasdeeplearning,whichusesneural（神经的）networkstoscanthroughlargevolumesofdatalookingforpatterns,hasprovensousefulthatskilledpractitionerscancommandhighsix-figuresalariestobuildsoftwareforAmazon,Apple,FacebookandGoogle.

ThestandardrouteintothesejobshasbeenaPhDincomputersciencefromoneofAmerica'

stopuniversities.Earningonetakesyearsandrequiresapersonalitysuitedtoacademia,whichisrareamongmorenormalfolk.

Thatischanging.

Lastmonthfast.ai,anon-profiteducationorganizationbasedinSanFrancisco,kickedoffthethirdyearofitscourseindeeplearning.Sinceitsfoundationithasattractedmorethan100,000studentsaroundtheglobefromIndiatoNigeria.Thecourseandotherslikeit,comewithasimpleidea:

thereisnoneedtospendyearsobtainingaPhDinordertopractisedeeplearning.Creatingsoftwarethatlearnscanbetaughtasacraft,notasahighintellectualpursuittobeundertakenonlyinanivorytower.Fast.ai'

scoursecanbecompletedinjustsevenweeks.

TomakeitaccessibletoanyonewhowantstolearnhowtobuildAIsoftwareistheaimofJeremyHoward,whofoundedfast.aiwithRachelThomas,amathematician.Hesaysschoolmathematicsissufficient."

No.Greek.Letters,"

Mr.Howardintones,poundingthetablewithhisfistforpunctuation.

Someexpertsworrythatthiswillserveonlytocreateafloodof