最新高中英语高考语法专题复习讲义动词时态语态带高考真题带答案Word格式.docx
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B
C
D
begoingto
表示“计划、打算、安排将要做的事”时,主语只能是人
说话人说话之前已考虑过的
主语是物时,表示说话人根据某种迹象主观推测可能发生的事
不能用于含有条件句的主句中
will
表示将要发生某事或主语的“意愿”
说话人说话时刻才考虑到的
表示客观规律必然发生的
可用于含有条件句的主句或从句中表示“意愿”
beto
表示安排、计划要做的事
与第二人称连用,表示转述第三者的话
表示命令,相当于should/must
表示“能”“该”“想要”“注定、不可避免”
beaboutto
表示动作马上发生;
句中不能再加atonce,immediately和表示具体时间的词语;
常有“beaboutto…..when”结构;
还可用一般现在时、现在进行时表示将来发生的动作;
(五)
现在/过去完成进行时的用法:
强调动作延续到说话时且还在进行;
结构:
have(has)/hadbeendoing
比较:
Theyhaverepairedtheroad.(表示路已修好)
Theyhavebeenrepairingtheroad.(表示路还在修)
有时两者可替换:
Shehastaughtinthismiddleschoolfortenyears.
Shehasbeenteachinginthisschoolfortenyears.
注意:
完成进行时不可与瞬间性动词连用,如:
finish,go,marry等;
(六)
现在完成时及过去完成时的用法注意点:
1.瞬间性动词与延续性动词的正确使用:
与howlong,for,since等表示一段时间的状语连用时须用延续性动词,如:
die-bedead,marry-bemarried,begin-beon,begintoknow-know等;
2.注意havebeento与havegoneto的区别;
4.by+过去时间状语用过去完成时;
5.有些动词的过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望,这类动词为:
think,plan,mean,intend,hope,expect,suppose等;
Ihadintendedtovisityouyesterday,buttherainpreventedme.
(七)
某些固定句型中时态是固定的:
1.It’s/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句(用过去时)
2.This/That/Itisthefirsttime+从句(用现在完成时)
3.It’stime+从句(用过去时或shoulddo)
4.Itwillbe+一段时间+before从句(用一般现在时)/Itwas+一段时间+before从句(用过去时)
5.wouldrather+从句(用一般过去时/过去完成时)
It’sgettinglate.I’dratheryoutookataxithere.
Thefilmwasboring.I’dratherIhadn’tgonetoseeit.
二、语态
语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态:
主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为:
主动、主动、主去动。
例如:
ManypeoplespeakEnglish. 谓语:
speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。
主动态和被动态指的是动词形式,是词法概念;
而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构,从而是句法概念。
所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子,而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。
Heopenedthedoor.他开了门
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
。
(主动句)
Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。
(被动句)
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
被动、被动、主被动。
Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
被动语态的构成
一般现在时:
am/is/are+taught一般过去时:
was/were+taught
一般将来时:
will/shallbe+taught现在进行时:
am/is/arebeing+taught
过去进行时:
have/hasbeen+taught现在完成时:
have/hasbeen+taught
特殊用法:
1.表示状态特征的连系动词如smell,taste,feel,sound,look,prove等用主动语态表示被动意义;
e.g.Theladylooksbeautiful.
2.动词sell,write,read,open,lock,shut,wear,wash,keep,cook,cut,burn,run等与well,smoothly,easily等连用时,说明主语内在的“性能”“特点”,用主动代替被动;
e.g.Thesebookssellwell.
3.当want,require,need作“需要”解,后接doing/tobedone作宾语,此时动词do与主语为动宾关系;
e.g.Thisradioneedsrepairing.
4.不及物动词及一些固定短语不能用被动语态:
comeup,runout(用完),giveout(耗尽),goout(熄灭),comeout(出版),cometolight,belongto,breakout,loseheart,dieout,own,have,possess,happen,takeplace,occur等;
5.不定式toblame(该受责备)表示被动意义;
e.g.Theairconditionersandcarsaretoblamefortheoverweightproblem
6.beworth后接doing作宾语,用主动形式表示被动意义;
e.g.Thestoryiswellworthreading.
7.在“主语+谓语+宾语(名词)+动词不定式todo(作定语修饰前面的名词,且为动宾关系;
主语与todo为主谓关系时,此动词不定式用主动形式;
Ihaveameetingtoattend.
【各个击破】
高考题3.Theteachertogetherwiththestudents___________discussingReadingSkillsthat_________newlypublishedinAmerica.(四川)
A.are;
were
B.is;
C.are;
was
D.is;
was
4.—YouspeakverygoodFrench!
—Thanks.I____________FrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.(四川)
A.studied
B.study
C.wasstudying
D.hadstudied
1.Myparents_____inHongKong.Theywerebornthereandhaveneverlivedanywhereelse.
A.live
B.lived
C.wereliving
D.willlive(天津)
2.—Whydon’twechoosethatroadtosavetime?
(四川)—Thebridgetoit
A.hasrepaired B.isrepaired
C.isbeingrepaired D.willberepaired
7.
—Thefoodhereisniceenough.
(湖南)
—Myfriend______mearightplace.
A.introduces
B.introduced
C.hadintroduced
D.wasintroducing
8.Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,____visitBeijingthissummer.(陕西)
A.isgongto
B.aregoingto
C.wasgoingto
D.weregoingto
5.Whenhe
thedoor,hefoundhiskeyswerenowhere.
(湖南)ks5u
A.wouldopen
B.opened
C.hadopened
D.wastoopen
6.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?
Theweatherreport
andIwanttolisten.(湖南)
A.isbroadcast
B.isbeingbroadcastC.hasbeenbroadcast
D.hadbeenbroadcast
11.Hissisterlefthomein1998,and
since.(全国I)
A.hadnotbeenheardof
B.hasnotbeenheardofC.hadnotheardof
D.hasnotheardof
9.Thisisthefirsttimewe______afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.(陕
A.see
B.hadseen
C.saw
D.haveseen
10.Progress__sofarverygoodandwesurethattheworkwillbefinishedontime.(全国)
A.was
B.hadbeen
C.hasbeen
D.willbe
13.Excuseme,Marcia,areporterfromVanityFair________allday.Couldyouspeaktohernow?
(辽宁)
A.phones
B.hasphoned
C.hasbeenphoning
D.phoned
12.Edward,youplaysowell.ButI
youplayedthepiano.(全国I)
A.didn'
tknow
B.hadn'
tknown
C.don'
D.haven'
tknown
16.--Annisinhospital.(江苏)
--Oh,really?
I__
know.I__
goandvisither.
A.didn’t;
amgoingto
B.don’t;
would
C.don’t;
will
D.didn'
t;
will
17.---Hi,Terry,canIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon?
---Sorry.
.(江苏)
A.It'
srepaired
B.Ithasbeenrepaired
C.It'
sbeingrepaired
D.Ithadbeenrepaired
18.-----WhydoestheLakesmellterrible?
Ks5u(((福建)
----Becauselargequantitiesofwater
.
Ks5u
A.havepolluted
B.isbeingpolluted
C.hasbeenpolluted
D.havebeenpolluted
14.MyparentshavepromisedtocometoseemebeforeI
forAfrica.(辽宁)A.haveleft
Bleave
Cleft
Dwillleave
15.ThepopulationofJiangsu__
tomorethantwicewhatitwasin1949.Thefigureisnowapproaching74million.(江苏)
A.hasgrown
B.havegrown
C.grew
D.aregrowing
21.Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniverse
intobeing.
A.came
B.wascoming
C.hadcome
D.wouldcome
22.Thewaytheguests____inthehotelinfluencedtheirevaluationoftheservice.(北京)
A.treated
B.weretreated
C.wouldtreat
D.wouldbetreated
19.Accordingtotheliteraryreview,Shakespeare
hischaritieslivethroughtheirlanguageinhisplays.
Ks5u(福建)
A.willmake
B.hadmade
C.wasmaking
D.makesK
.Atpresent,oneoftheapartmentsinfavorofthenewairport________thatitwillgoingalotjobstothearea.A.is
B.are
C.willbe
D.were
25.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities________risingsteadilysince1990.A.is
D.havebeen
23.WhenItalkedwithmygrandmaonthephone,shesoundedweak,butbythetimewe____up,hervoicehadbeenfulloflife.(北京)
A.werehanging
B.hadhungC.hung
D.wouldhang
24.Johnwasgiventhesamesuitcasehisfatherandgrandfather____withthemtoschool.A.took
B.hadtaken
C.weretaking
D.wouldtake
28.Shestaredatthepainting,wonderingwhereshe______it.(重庆)
A.saw
B.hasseen
C.sees
D.hadseen
29.—I’vegottogonow.(重庆)
—Mustyou?
I______youcouldstayfordinnerwithus.
A.think
B.thought
C.havethought
D.amthinking
26.Iwasoutoftownatthetime,soIdon’tknowexactlyhowit_______.A.
washappening
B.happened
C.happens
D.hashappened
27.-Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?
(浙江)
-It’sfantastic.TheonlypityisthatI__________thebeginningofit.
AMissed
B.hadmissed
C.miss
D.wouldmiss
31.Daniel'
sfamily
theirholidayinHuangshanthistimenextweek.(安徽)
A.areenjoying
B.aretoenjoy
C.willenjoy
D.willbeenjoying
30.ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture______tothewell-educated.(重庆)
A.belongs
B.isbelonged
C.isbelonging
D.willbebelonged
、(全国卷II)Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhavehadapicnic.Butit__allday.A.rained
B.rains
C.hasrained
D.israining
、(全国卷II’14)Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they____theirsalesbypercent.A.willincrease B.havebeenincreasing
C.haveincreased D.wouldbeincreasing
、(全国卷I’27)—HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?
—Yes,sinceshe____theChineseSociety.
A.hasjoined
B.joins
C.hadjoined
D.joined
、(全国卷I’29)Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrowwhenacoldfront____toarrive.A.isexpected B.isexpecting C.expects D.willbeexpected
、(北京卷’27)Thehotelwasn’tparticular