生物学专业英语词汇.doc

生物学专业英语词汇.doc

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Botany植物学

Celltheory细胞学说cellmembrane细胞膜nucleus细胞核

Organelle细胞器cellwall细胞壁cytoplasm细胞质protoplast原生质体cellcycle细胞周期mitochondrion线粒体photosynthesis光合作用unitmembrane单位膜chloroplast叶绿体chlorophyll叶绿素xanthophyll叶黄素carotene胡萝卜素golgiosome高尔基体ribosome核糖体lysosome溶酶体microfilament微丝nuclearfission核分裂reproduction繁殖primarywall初生壁secondarywall次生壁plasmodesma胞间连丝mitosis有丝分裂amitosis无丝分裂meiosis减数分裂cytokinesis胞质分裂interphase间期prophase前期metaphase中期anaphase后期telophase末期tissue组织pistil雌蕊stamen雄蕊ovary子房pollination传粉pollentube花粉管

porogamy珠孔受精chalazogamy合点受精mesogamy中部受精apomixis无融合生殖apogamy无配子生殖patrogenesis孤雄生殖parthenogensis孤雌生殖apospory无孢子生殖pericarp果皮

lifehistory生活史rootsystem根系mainroot主根lateralroot侧根taprootsystem直根系fibrousrootsystem须根系cortex皮层vascularcylinder维管柱pericycle中柱鞘xylemray木射线vascularray维管射线phloemray韧皮射线rootcap根冠Casparianstrip凯氏带primaryxylem初生木质部primaryphloem初生韧皮部vascularray维管射线xylemray木射线phelloderm栓内层phloemray韧皮射线embryo胚

homologousorgan同源器官analogousorgan同功器官endosperm胚乳seedcoat种皮radicle胚根plumule胚芽hypocotyl下胚轴cotyledon子叶dormancy休眠seedgermination种子萌发eukaryote真核生物prokaryote原核生物algae藻类blue-greenalgae蓝藻trichogyne受精丝

mucopolysaccharide黏多糖gelatinoussheath胶质鞘exospore外生孢子heterosexualcell异性细胞greenalgae绿藻isogamy同配生殖anisogamy异配生殖anisogamy卵式生殖zygogamy接合生殖haploid单倍体diploid二倍体polyploid多倍体

carposporophyte孢子体brownalgae褐藻sea-tangle海带agar琼脂fungi菌类parasitism寄生saprophytic腐生的lichen地衣archegonium颈卵器antheridium精子器antiphyte孢子体gametophyte配子体protonema原丝体bryophyta苔藓植物cruciferae十字花科

vascularplants微管植物aquaticplant水生植物salicaceae杨柳科angiosperm被子植物endoplasmicreticulum内质网vegetativereproduction营养繁殖intercellularlayer胞间层

phellogen&corkcambium木栓形成层asexualreproduction无性繁殖sexualpropagation有性繁殖tetradynamousstamen四强雄蕊didynamousstamen二强雄蕊monodelphousstamen单体雄蕊diadelphousstamen二体雄蕊triadelphousstamen三体雄蕊polyadelphousstamens多体雄蕊synantherousstamen聚药雄蕊

primarywallcells初生壁细胞vegetativecell营养细胞

malesterility雄性不育filiformapparatus丝状器meristemzone分生区elongationzone伸长区maturationzone成熟区embryophyte有胚植物

specificparasitism专性寄生specificsaprophyte专性腐生

facultativeparasitism兼性寄生facultativesaprophyte兼性腐生

sexualgeneration有性世代asexualgeneration无性世代

Zoology动物学

cell细胞prokaryoticcell原核细胞eukaryoticcell真核细胞

protein蛋白质nucleicacid核酸carbohydrate糖

lipid脂质protoplasm原生质inclusion内含物

cellcycle细胞周期pulmonaryalveolus肺泡flagellum鞭毛foodvacuole食物泡pinocytosis胞饮作用fission裂体生殖microgamete小配子zygote合子microtubule微管contractionsilk收缩丝merogenesis卵裂blastocoele囊胚腔completecleavage完全卵裂layering分层cynapse突触myoneme肌丝myocyte肌细胞mesoglea中胶层monoecism雌雄同体dioecism雌雄异体velum缘膜radialsymmetry辐射对称nervenet神经网planula浮浪幼虫bilateralsymmetry两侧对称mesoderm中胚层tubulecell管细胞osmoregulation渗透调节acetabulum腹吸盘oralsucker口吸盘metacercaria囊蚴pseudocoel假体腔cuticle角质膜

cloacalpore泄殖孔renette腺肾细emunctory排泄管restingegg休眠卵metamere体节metamerism分节现象senseorgan感觉器periostracum壳皮层