Azzphqg大学英语六级改错讲义张子宏文档格式.docx

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Azzphqg大学英语六级改错讲义张子宏文档格式.docx

例2:

Similarly,wefeelcomfortablewithpeoplewithphysicalqualitiessimilarasours.(95/1,No.71)

考点3:

中心词+介词on

……,butsuchreasonsaretotallydependentinthebalanceofrisksandbenefitsforthepatients.(93/6,No.75)

考点4:

中心词+介词with

Ineveryhomeastereoortelevisionwillfilltheroomssound.(95/6,No.72)

考点5:

中心词+介词for

Bigcitiesoftheworldarewell-knownbytheirnoisiness.(95/6,No.76)

j固定搭配:

onthecontrary,ononehand…ontheotherhand,onpurpose,

onbusiness,onthewhole,onthespot

k表位置,指与某物面碰面的接触:

onthewall,ontheearth

考点6:

介词onl表时间,置于某日前:

onMay4th,onSunday,onthemorningof

m表时间,指“在……之后,立即……”:

onourarrival

non和to合成的介词onto:

表示运动的方向和场所,意为“到……上,在……上”。

getontothebus,slipontothefloor

……,onthecontrast,theintimateatmosphereofthesmallcollegeallowsthestudentsfouryearsofstructurallivinginwhichtoexpectandpreparefortherealworld.(96/6,No.79)

Menhaveexploredpartsofthemoon,putspaceshipsinorbitaroundanotherandpossiblywithinthedecadewilllandintoanotherplanetandexploreit.(00/1,No.73)

考点7:

其它常用介词的基本含义

j介词in:

表示“在(某空间)里面”,构成“in+空间、范围”

k介词for:

表示“为某一目的而准备”;

或者,for用于表示持续的时间;

表原因

l介词from:

表示“特定地点或时间的起点”;

或者,指特定的“来源或起因”

m介词by:

表示“按照,根据,由,依据,”;

或者,为“借助于,通过”

Onsomefields,thishadclearlynothappened.(96/1,No.78)

……aboutanAmericanwhohadbeeninvitedtoanArabmealatoneofthecountriesoftheMiddleEast.(00/6,No.75)

例3:

Ifhewasabsentbecauseofsickness,therewasoftennojobfromhimwhenhereturned.(94/1,No.77)

例4:

Weaskedalady,whorepliedthatshethoughtyoucouldtellawell-manneredpersononthewaytheyoccupiedthespacearoundthem…….(00/6,No.71)

例5:

…,andwinningaffectionandrespectinthiswaywithoutawareoftheirmethods.(95/1,No.80)

例6:

Then,abouttenyearsago,whenthisimmenselylongformativeperiodofhuntingforfood,theybecamefarmers.(02/1,S8)

第二节动词

考点8:

使役动词感官动词

+sb.dosth.+sb.do/doingsth.

Theybelievethatitwasgoodbusinesstohiremen,womenandchildrenascheaplyaspossible,makethemtoworkashardastheycouldand,…(94/1,No.80)

Youcanpassanyfactoryorconstructionareaandtheroarofitsmachinerywillmakeyourearsringing.(95/6,No.75)

考点9:

主语+及物动词+宾语主语+不及物动词

Thefarmerarousedatdawnorbeforeandhadmuchworktodo,withhisownmusclesashischiefsourceofpower.(90/6,No.75)

…isahighlypersonalmatter,notadecisionweshouldremaintodoctorsalone.(93/6,No.80)

Youmayhavenoticedabouthowpeoplewholiveorworkcloselytogethercometobehaveinasimilarway.(95/1,No.72)

Butperhapsweshouldlookatbothsidesofthecoinbeforearrivinghastyconclusion.(00/1,No.80)

HisArabhost,whohadbeenwatching,saidofnothing,butimmediatelycopiedtheactionofhisguest.(00/6,No.80)

考点10:

分词作定语的用法:

j-ing分词+中心词

k-ed分词+中心词

Soasportsman’sindividualwayofwalkingwithraisedshouldersisimitatedbyanadmiredfan.(95/1,No.74)

Eventhequietofourcarefullyprotectedwildernessareascanbeinvadedatanymomentbyapassedjet.(95/6,No.79)

考点11:

动词的-ing与-ed形式在谓语中的用法区别

j主语+be+-ing

k主语+be+-ed

Decidinghowmuchdiscomfortandriskwearepreparingtoputupwithinthenameofbetterhealthis…(93/6,No.78)

…oneissurelyjustifiedinhisconcernforthemoneyandresourcestheyarepouredintothespaceexplorationefforts.(00/1,No.79)

考点12:

其它需注意的动词用法

j常见动词词组为固定短语,不可随意变更,如keepinmind,growup,calloff等。

kthus,thereby等副词后常跟动词-ing形式。

lconsidering,regarding,concerning可作介词,其后接名词或动名词作介词宾语

m连词and连接的并列动词为平行结构,或同为不定式,或同为分词形式。

Thistendencyoftechnologytomakeworkerssuperfluousbutatthesametimeallowingtheirnumbertogrowupsolargeiscreatingpsychologicaltensions.(98/1,No.78)

Butwemustkeepinheadthebillionsofdollarswemightspendincarryingouttheproject.(00/1,No.76)

Thesmallcollege,however,generallyprovidesalimitednumberofcoursesandspecializationsbutoffersabetterstudent-facultyratio,thuspermitindividualizedattentiontostudents.(96/6,No.74)

Considerthegreatneedforimprovingmanyaspectsoftheglobalenvironment,oneissurelyjustifiedinhisconcernforthemoney…(00/1,No.79)

…theintimateatmosphereofthesmallcollegeallowsthestudentfouryearsofstructurallivinginwhichtoexpectandpreparingfortherealworld.(96/6,No.80)

第三节数词、名词和代词

考点13:

j置于表时间的名词前:

fifteenminutes,fiftyhours

k置于表距离的名词前:

fortymiles,fourkilometres

l置于表价格的名词前:

thirtydollars

基数词

m置于表重量的名词前:

threekilograms

n置于表温度的名词前:

89º

F

o表示考试得分:

geteighty-eightonthetest

p表示尺码,置于表尺码的名词后:

wearsizethirty-eight

q表示物件数目或数量,置于名词前:

twocaps,fournovels

j表示某月中的第几号:

onJulythe4th,onthe10thofSeptember

k表示在几世纪:

inthe4thcenturyB.C.,intheeighteenthcentury

序数词

l表示运动会或其它大型活动的第几届:

the25thOlympicGames

m表示考试的排名:

comein11thinthetest

n表示顺序或位置,置于名词前:

inthe15throw,the2ndlongestriver

Inthenineteencentury,farmworkandlifewerenotmuchchangedfromwhattheyhadbeenintheolddays.(90/6,No.73)

例2:

Duringtheearlystagesoftheindustrialrevolution,perhapsoneineveryseventhdeathsinEurope’scrowdedcitieswascausedbythedisease.(00/1,No.75)

考点14:

名词(noun)

j可数名词(countablenoun)单数形式前用a/an;

复数形式后加-s或-es。

如:

ajob,twocakes,threepotatoes。

k不可数名词(uncountablenoun)前不可用a/an,但可用the或不用;

没有复数形式。

下列名词常用作不可数名词:

accommodation(食宿),accuracy,advice,baggage,behaviour,bread,cash,clothing,equipment,fun,furniture,harm,information,knowledge,leisure,luck,lightning,living,luggage,machinery,money,news,paper,permission,produce(农产品),progress,scenery,traffic,travel,trouble,thunder,weather,work,uncertainty等。

Thegovernmentalsoaffectsthekindofworkspeopledo.(90/1,No.79)

Itseemsthattheprogressesofmanincludesarisingvolumeofnoise.(95/6,No.71)

Canwebesoboldastosuggestthatwemaybeabletocolonizeotherplanetwithinthenot-too-distantfuture?

(00/1,No.75)

Theyspentoveramillionyearevolvingasco-operativehunters.(02/1,S5)

例5:

Therisksanduncertaintiesoffarmingwerenolongeressentialforsurvival.(02/1,S10)

考点15:

代词照应

j人称照应:

是指人称代词、物主代词、反身代词与其指代对象之间的照应。

k指示照应:

是由指示代词和指示限定词实现的照应关系。

Thewidespreaduseofsuchelectricalappliancesmeansthatthereisaneedforservicementokeepitrunningproperly.(90/1,No.75)

Andifhedoesnoticethematchingofhisgesturesormovements,hefindsitpleasingheisinfluencingpeople:

theyaredrawntothem.(95/1,No.78)

例3:

Amansurroundedbyflamesandsmokegenerallyconsidersthatjumpingoutofasecond-floorwindowisanacceptablerisktosaveitslife.(93/6,No.72)

Theworkingmanhadlittleschoolingbeyondhiscraft,andtherewaslittlehopethattheirchildrenwouldhaveanythingbetter.(94/1,No.73)

Youcanpassanyfactoryorconstructionareaandtheroaroftheirmachinerywillmakeyourearsring.(95/6,No.74)

例6:

Abreakintheiremployment,oradecisiontoworkpart-time,willslowitsraisesandpromotionsasitwouldformen.(96/1,No.75)

例7:

Butif98percentofusdon’tneedtowork,whatarewegoingtodowithoneself?

(98/1,No.80)

例8:

Unconsciouslywecopytheseweareclosetoorloveoradmire.(95/1,No.73)

考点16:

复合不定代词的用法

用于陈述句用于疑问句、否定句

Thefarmfamilygrewandmadealmostnothingitneeded.(90/6,No.71)

Theworkingmanhadlittleschoolingbeyondhiscraft,andtherewaslittlehopethathischildrenwouldhavenothingbetter.(94/1,No.73)

考点17:

先行代词it

j作形式主语:

it+“be”+名词/形容词+(of/for+名词/代词+)+不定式

k作形式宾语:

主语+动词+it+名词/形容词+不定式

Theybelievedthatwasgoodbusinesstohiremen,womenandchildrenascheaplyaspossible.(94/1,No.79)

Whiletechnologymakesthispossibleforfourorevensixbillionofustoexist,italsoeliminatesourjobopportunities.(98/1,No.75)

第四节冠词

考点18:

jby+kby+the+

表方式表触及

例1:

Dishwashersandwashingmachinesdojobsthatwereoncedonebythehand.(90/1,No.74)

考点19:

bed,church,college,university,school,court,hospital,prison,sea等表处所的名词及名词work用来指有关活动时,一般不用冠词。

Dayornight,thesoundoftheworkfillstheair.(95/6,No.77)

考点20:

the+先行词+同位语从句(that-clause)

例:

Mostofthedollardifferencesstemfromfactthatwomentendtobemorerecentlyemployedandhavefeweryearsonthejob.(96/1,No.71)

考点21:

冠词的习惯用法

j习惯用定冠词的短语

bythewayforthetimebeinginthecaseof(至于……)

inthelongruninthehabitofinthepossessionof

k习惯用不定冠词的短语

allofasuddenasaruleasamatteroffact

ataloss(不知所措)onalargescaleinahurry

haveagoodtimekeepaneyeonlendahand

l习惯用零冠词的短语

atpresentathand(近在手边)atstake

attable(在进餐)atwarbywayof(经由)

inhonorofintroubleinorder

inplace(适当的)inadvanceinfashion(时兴、流行)

infactincase(of)(如果)inpossessionof(拥有)

Thistendencyoftechnologytomakewordssuperfluous(过剩)butatsametimeallowingtheirnumbertogrowsolargeiscreatingpsychologicaltensions.(98/1,No.77)

考点22:

零冠词

j表示洲的名词前:

如Asia,Europe,America,Africa,Oceania

k表示国家、省市的名词前(但由短语组成的国家,或以-s结尾的国家前需要用定冠词the):

如China,Russia,France,Beijing,London

l表示街道、建筑名词前(但有of介词短语修饰时,需用定冠词the,如thetowero

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