Dllnos托福综合写作范文满分Word文档格式.docx

Dllnos托福综合写作范文满分Word文档格式.docx

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药品广告所提供的信息都是客观全面的，且病人对药物了解得越多越好

1.病人可以更多了解处方药的相关信息（information）

2.医生开药时，病人可以与广告上进行比较，有利于选药

3.通过广告，病人可以了解到新药的发展，提醒医生

lecture

挑战命题：

病人不需要对药物了解太多，因为有时候了解得太多会对非专业的病人产生困扰，而且广告所提供的信息也不完整全面

1.广告通常只有宣传好处，对副作用（sideeffects）一笔带过，病人很难判断

2.病人对药物的准确用法用量不了解，可能会用错

3.广告只宣传新药，对旧药没有宣传，但是针对不同的病情，也许旧药更为合适（appropriate）

例文:

Thespeakerraisesseriouscounterargumentsagainstthereadingparagraphsbyprovidingdrasticallydifferentevidencesregardingtheeffectsoftheadvertisement,theimpactofself-selectingmedication,andtheimpactoftrendsinthepharmaceutical制药的industry.

First,knowingmoreinformationfromtheadswillnotnecessarilyhelpthepatientsmakebetter-informeddecisions,asthereadingargues.Onthecontrary,patients,withoutprofessionaltrainingandknowledge,willbemoresusceptible易受影响的tomisunderstandinginformation.Forexample,theywouldfocusonlyonthepositivesidesofacertainmedicinewhileignoringtheserioussideeffects.

Inaddition,ifthepatientsbeartheresponsibilityofprescribing开药，吩咐用药theirownmedication,theyassumemoreresponsibilitytotheirownhealth.Thismakesdoctorslessliableforpotential潜在的risksandundesirableconsequences.

Lastly,asforthenewtrends'

benefitstothepatients,thespeakerdoesnotchallengethereadingdirectly.Instead,hearguesthatthenewmedicine,whichwillcountformostoftheadsmaynotnecessarilybethebestmedicine,eventhoughthepatientscaninformtheirdoctorsaboutthenewproducts.

二：

网络故事书（web－storybookservice）

网络故事书的好处

1.可以教小朋友读书

2.经济实惠，家长不需要为孩子买书了

3.可以代替父母陪伴孩子，为家长节省时间

反驳

1.使用时不能和小朋友互动（askquestionandgetfeedback）

2.网络上的故事都是过时的，要想读新故事还是要买书（不足）

3.父母与孩子一起读书可以增进感情

例文：

Thespeakerrebuts反驳thereading'

sargumentbypointingouttheinadequacyoftheweb-storybookservices'

interactionwithchildren,theincompletenessofthedatapool,andbyunderminingtheassumptionthatsavingparents'

readingtimeisabenefit.

Thespeakerbeginsbystatingthatmerelypronouncingthewordsandstoryforthechildrenwillnotprovideadequatelearningexperiences.Despitethetimesavedandpronunciationutilitieslaidoutinthereading,thewebservicescanonlyrespondwith"

correct"

or"

notcorrect"

.Thelackoffeedbacktochildren'

squestionswillnotcreateaneffectivelearningprocess.

Thenthespeakergoesontoarguethatthecurrentweb-storybookserviceshaveaverylimitedcollectionofbooks,thusnotbeingabletosaveparentsthecostofnewbooksasthereadingstates,becausetheparentsstillhavetobuymanybooksthatthewebservicesdonotprovide.

Lastly,thespeakerchallengesthevalidity有效，正当oftheassumptionofsavingparents'

timetoreadstoriestochildren.Thereadingarguesthatsavingthetimeisabenefitfortheparents,butthespeakermaintainsthatthewholepointofreadingstoriesisfarbeyondreadingstoriesalone.Incontrast,itisanessentialwayofcommunicatingandbuildingrelationshipbetweenparentsandchildren.

三：

网络问卷（webbasedsurvey）

网络问卷相对传统问卷的优势

1.调查范围更广，所以调查结果就更为准确（逻辑错误：

参加人多并不代表范围广，也不能保证效果好）

2.发放，填写和收集问卷更加方便简单

3.成本低

反驳网络问卷的优势

1.所取得的调查结果不全面（biased），因为不是所有人都会上网，中老年人上网会比较少，而年轻人上网比较多

2.成本并不会低，因为一个好的网络问卷需要一个团队的大量工作（提出新的证据：

网络问卷也需要成本和人力资源）

3.大多数人对网络问卷都不严肃，会得到不正确的信息，容易混淆视听。

Thespeakerquestionstheeffectivenessofwebbasedsurveysbyprovidingevidencescontradictorytothereading.

First,heidentifiedthereading'

slogicalflawinassumingthatanincreaseinthescopeandquantityofthesurveywillautomaticallytranslatetogreaterprecisionofthesurveys.However,ifsurveysaimtoquestionpeopleover60yearsold,howcantheseoldpeopleconductsurveysonlinesincethisgroupseldomsurftheInternet?

Thewebsurveysareeffectiveinreachingmainlytheyounggeneration.Thustheresultscannotbeextendedtodemonstratetheviewsofthewholepopulation.

Second,althoughtheweb-basedsurveyswilllowerpapercost,theywillinevitablyincurnewcostsinwebdesigning,flashyfeatures,andotherelements,whichwillrequiremorecostlyteamwork.Thisevidenceeffectivelyattacksthereading'

sargumentthatwebsurveyswillcertainlyreducethecostofthesurvey.

Intheend,manywebdesignerstendtooverdointhewebpageandaddfancyandflashyfeatures.Asaresult,manypeopleperceivetheweb-basedsurveysasnotseriousandarethusnotwillingtorespondtothesurveys.Unlikephysicalsurveysthatdrawattentioneffectively,manywebbasedsurveysaresimplyignoredorevendeleted.

四：

打分偏高（inflationofmarks）

老师给学生打的分数越来越高

1.分数打得低会减低学生的学习意志

2.会影响教师自己的测评结果

3.因为别的老师给的成绩高，如果不跟着给高分，学生出去找工作会吃亏

解决方案

1.应从小灌输正确的学习观念，不应因一次小失利而丧失信心

2.教师的评测可以改在学期结束前进行，这样学生的成绩就不会影响到评测结果

3.企业在选拔人才时可以看学生在班级中的排名而不是单纯的成绩

Thespeakerchallengesthereasoningthatsupportsthecurrentinflationincollegegradingsystem,andprovidesveryspecificalternativestoteacherevaluationtimingandemployermethodologyinjudgingastudent.

Thespeakerfirstarguesthattheinflatedgradeswillnotenablestudentstotrulyknowtheirweakness,nottomentionimproveuponthem.Accordingtothereading,lowgradeswilldiscouragestudents.Thespeakerrebutsthispointandarguesthatthetruemeaningofeducationisnotjusttosatisfystudents.Lettingthestudentsmakeprogressisthepurposeandinflatedgradeswillnothelpstudentsinthisway.

Asforthereading'

sconcernsthatlowgradeswilladverselyaffectteachers'

evaluation,thespeakeroffersasolution.Byfinishingtheteachers'

evaluationbeforetheendofthesemester,wecansevertheconnectionsbetweenthestudents'

gradesandteachers'

evaluations.

Lastly,thespeakerarguesthattheschooldoesnothavetofollowthetrendofinflatedgradesinvariably.Thereadingarguesthatiftheschooldoesnotfollowthetrend,theirstudentswillbediscriminated,thelecturesaysthatthisproblemcanbesolvedbyprovidingaweightedrelativescore.Thisscorewillpinpointastudent'

spercentileinthewholestudentbodyandshowtheotherstudents'

scores,thusallowingemployerstoclearlypositionthestudentamongtheentirestudentbody.

五：

加氟自来水（addingfluorideinpublicwater）

在自来水中加氟的好处

1.防止蛀牙

2.杀死细菌

3.对骨骼有好处（decreasebonediseases）

1.自来水并不会留在口中，对防止蛀牙没有帮助

2.氟会与输水管（waterpipe）中的化学物质反应，产生有毒物质，其危害大于细菌

3.过量的氟会使骨骼变脆

Thespeakerrefutesthereading'

sargumentaboutthebenefitsofaddingfluoridetopipewaterbyprovidingcontradictoryevidenceaboutpipewater'

sfluoride'

seffectivenessinpreventingcavitiesinteeth,killingbacteria,anddecreasingbonediseases.

First,thespeakerpointsoutthattheshortcontactoffluoridewithteethwillnotenablethefluoridetopreventcavities,asthereadingargues.Instead,thewaterwillpassthemouthandteethquicklyandgodirectlytothestomach.

Anotherargumentraisedinthelectureisthatfluoridecouldundergochemicalreactionswithheavymetalsinthepipe,suchaslead.Thiswillcreatetoxicsubstanceswhichwillposeserioushealththreat.Inthiswayfluoridecouldbeevenmoredeadlythanbacteria.Althoughthefluoride,asthereadingsays,willkillsomebacteria,thecurehereisworsethanthedisease.

Intheend,thespeakermaintainsthatoverdoseoffluoridewillbackfiretohumanbones.Althoughthereadingillustratesthatfluoridewillimprovebonestrength,thelecturesaysoverdosewillcauseseriousdamagetohumanbones.

六、伦勃朗的油画

Thelecturerevisestheideapresentedinthetext,thatRembrandtwasnottheartistwhopaintedthefamouspainting"

PortraitofanElderlyWomaninaWhiteBonnet”.

Theinconsistencybetweenthewhitecap,whichidentifiesthewomanasaservant,andtheexpensivefurcollarshewearsdissolvesastheProfessorexplainsthatthefurcollarwasapparentlypaintedovertheoriginalpaintingtoincreaseitsworthbydisplayinganaristocraticwoman.

Inaddition,theassumptionthatlightandshadowinthepaintingdonotfittogetherisrefutedbythefactthatintheoriginalpainting,thewomanwearsalightcloththatilluminatedherface.Thusthepresentationoflightandshadowwasindeedveryrealisticandaccurate,asitischaracteristicofRembrandt’spaintings.

Finally,themysteryofthepanelconsistingofpatchesgluedtogetherisalsosolvedinthelecture.Actually,thewoodpanelwaslaterenlargedtomakeitmoregrandandvaluable,buttheoriginalpaintingwaspaintedonasinglepanel,asRembrandtwouldhavedoneit.Furthermore,thewoodisofthesametreeusedinotherRembrandtpaintings,likethe"

Self-PortraitwithaHat”.

AllthisinformationpointstoRembrandtasthepainterofthecontroversialpainting.

七、关于恐龙是否是恒温动物

Theprofessoractuallycontradictsthestatementsmadeinthepassage.Sheisoftheviewthatdinosaursarenotendothermsi.e.theywerenotabletokeeptheirbodytemperatureataconstantrate.

Theprofessorcontradictstheissueofdinosaursbeingendothersbasedontheavailabilityoffossilsbeingavailableinthwepolarregions,shesaythatthepolarregionsinthosedayswerenotascoldastheyaretodayi.eatleastwarmenoughfordinosaurstolive.Durinharshwintersshesaysthatthereisapossibilityofthedinosaursactuallymigratingtowarmerregions.

Theissueoflegpositionandmovementbeingusedasareasontoclasifythedinosaursasendothermsdoesnotpleasetheprofessoreither.Shesaysthatdinosaurshadlegsundertheirbodiestosupporttheirhugebodiesi.ethelegsunderthebodyofthedinosaurwereactuallytosupportthehugeweightofthedinosaurandnottoprovideitwithabodystructurelikeendotherms（whi