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(英文)themechanicdesignsofelectricspindles
学生姓名
专业班
完成日期:
2008年3月23日
目录
1.电主轴技术水平分析………………………………………………(8)
2.高速电主轴单元…………………………………………………(14)
Theelectricaltechnicallevelofmainshaftisanalysed
Abstract:
Electricalmainshaftistheprocessingmachinetoolofnumericalcontrol"
heartparts"
thispaperhasintroducedtypicalstructureandtheworkingprincipleofelectricalmainshaft,haselaboratedthecrucialtechnologyofelectricalmainshaft,hassummarizedittodeveloptendency.
Keyword:
Theelectricalporcelainballofmainshaftmixthebearinglubricationofoilgas
1,itisgeneraltostatetheprocessingqualitythatcannotonlyraiseprocessingefficiencysubstantiallybecauseofhighspeedprocessingandcanstillraiseworkpieceapparently,so,itsapplicationfieldisveryextensive,isespeciallyinaerospace,themanufacturingindustriessuchasautomobileandmouldin.Itisspoiltrecentlythatso,themachinetoolofnumericalcontrolthathashighspeedprocesscapabilityhasbecomemarket.Now,thedomesticandinternationaleachfamousmanufacturerofmachinetooladoptstheelectricalstructureofmainshaftextensivelyinthemachinetoolofnumericalcontrol,isespeciallybeingcompoundtoprocessmachinetoolandmuchaxletounitetomove,polyhedronprocessingmachinetoolandthemachinetoolofparallelconnectionin.Electricalmainshaftistheprocessingmachinetoolofnumericalcontrol"
itsperformanceindexdirectdecisionthelevelofmachinetool,itisthatmachinetoolrealizesbasicconditionandtheprerequisiteofhighspeedprocessing.
2theworkingprincipleelectricalmainshaftoftheworkingprinciple,typicalstructureand2.1advantageelectricalmainshaftsofelectricalmainshaftisthedirectmotorrotorofbehollowpackinmainshafton,statorknowssuper-coolingbutcoverfixes,formacompleteunitofmainshaftinthecasingholeofmainshaft,afterstartingeclectricityrotordirectlydrivetheoperationofmainshaft.
Thetypicalstructurallayoutwayofthetypicalstructuralelectricalunitofmainshaftof2.2electricalmainshaftsisthatgeneratorsetsupbeforemainshaft,rearaxleChengbetween(aspictureshow),itsadvantageisthattheaxialsizeoftheunitofmainshaftisthebig,medium-sizedmachinetoolofnumericalcontrolshortcomparatively,therigidityofmainshaftbig,powersuitscomparatively;
Itisinsufficienttobethenaturallyscatteredhotconditioninthegeneratorinthecasingofmainshaftthatenclosestodifferfrom,hashighertemperaturerise.
The1casingsofmainshaftthe2coolingsetsof345importstatorrotorsofcoolingwaterthe6setsof78910former11canexportfeedbackinstallationbearingrearaxlesofcoolingwaterofrunnershaftofmainshaftofmainshaftChengtheadvantageelectricalprovinceofmainshaftof2.3electricalmainshaftshavegonetotakeshiporpositivedrive,the0transmissionsthathaverealizedmachinetoolhaveraisedtransmissionefficiency.Therigidityofelectricalmainshaftgood,rotaryprecisionissexhighrespondfastgood,canrealizeveryhighrotationalspeedandaddandslowdowndegreeanddecideanglestopfastdefinitely(Caxlecontrol),thescopeofspeedadjustmentiswide.
3,thecrucialtechnicalconceptof"
electricalmainshaft"
ofelectricalmainshaftshouldnotbesimpletounderstandforthemerelyasleeveofmainshaft,andshouldbeasetofassembly,include:
Stator,rotor,bearing,thehighspeedinstallationoffrequencyconversionandlubricationinstallandcoolinstallation.Thereforeelectricalmainshaftisthewithhighspeedbearingtechnical,lubricationtechnical,coolingtechnicaltechnical,preciseproductionofdynamicbalancingwiththetechnologiessuchasassemblytechnologyaswellasgeneratorhighspeeddrivesynthesizetoutilize.
Thewithhighspeedbearingtechnologyof3.1electricalmainshaftsrealizestheelectricalhighspeedofmainshafttomelt,ispreciseandcrucialtobetheapplicationofhighspeedprecisebearing.Nowthebearingthatappliedinhighspeedpreciseelectricalmainshafthavepreciserollbearingandliquidmovementpressbearingandgaspressbearingandmagneticsuspensionbearingquietly,butitispreciseanglecontactporcelainballbearingandprecisecylinderrollerbearingmainly.Itishighthatliquidmovementpressthestandardizationlevelofbearing;
Gaspressesbearingquietlytobeimproperforintherateoccasionofgreatmerit;
Magneticsuspensionbearingbecauseofcontrolsystemcomplex,priceisexpensive,itspracticalitygetsrestriction.
Anglecontactballbearingcannotonlyatthesametimebearradialandaxialload,andrigidityhigh,highspeedperformancegood,structuralsimplecompact,kindspecificationsnumerousrepaireasilytochange,thusinelectricalmainshaft,getextensiveapplication.Nowalongwiththedevelopmentofporcelainbearingtechnology,theelectricalbearingofmainshaftofthemostapplicationistomixporcelainballbearing,rollbodyuseSi3N4porcelainball,withthestructureof"
littlepearldensepearl"
bearingferruleenclosesforGCr15steel.Isthiskindoftomixbearingtopasstoreducelittlecentrifugalforceandtopmoment,reducethefrictionbetweenlittleballandracewaygroove,sogetlowertemperatureriseandbetterhighspeedperformance.
Porcelainballmixbearingandsteelballbearingcompare,advantageisasfollows:
(1)theporcelainballbearingfrictionperformanceofporcelainandsteelcompositionverygood,canreducethestressofmaterialandlubricant.
(2)becauseofporcelaindensitylow,canreducethecentrifugalforceinoperation.
(3)theheatwithlowerporcelaincoefficientofexpansionhavereducedbearingefficientlyaddthechangeofloadinadvance.
(4)theflexiblemouldofporcelainquantityhigher,canraisetherigidityofbearing.
Above-mentionedfactorhaveprolongedthelifeofbearingsubstantiallywithhavepromotedtheoperationlimitspeedofbearing.
Thelubricationtechnicalwithhighspeedelectricalmainshaftof3.2electricalmainshaftsthetemperaturerisethatmustcontrolbearingwithreasonable,controallablebearinglubricationway,inordertoguaranteestabilityandtheprecisionofthemachiningcomplexofnumericalcontrolofmachinetool.Adopttorollthelubricationwayoftheelectricalmainshaftofbearingnowhavethewaiessuchasfatlubrication,oilfoglubricationandthelubricationofoilgasmainly.
Fatlubricationintheelectricitywithrelativelylowerrotationalspeedmainshaftinismorecommonlubricationway.Thelubricationsystemoffatlubricationtypeelectricalmainshaftissimple,usesconvenienceandfreefromcontamination,hasstrongversatility.
Oilfoglubricationhaslubricationandcoolingdoublerole,itistakingcompressedairaspower,mixesoilliquidatomizationintoairthroughoilfogwaretoflow,thentransportsittoneedthelocationoflubrication.Theequipmentneededbyoilfoglubricationissimple,maintenanceconveniencehasmorecheapprice,isakindofwithhighspeedelectricallubricationwayofmainshaftthatusedgenerally.Butithaspollutiveenvironment,oilconsumemorehighershortcoming.Alongwiththeraisingthatpeopleaskforenvironmentalprotection,oilfoglubricationwaymustbesupersededgradually.
Thelubricationtechnologyofoilgasisusecompressedairthelubricatingoilofbetracedifferencesuccessioncontinuouslylandprovideeachsetofbearingofmainshaftaccurately,smalloildropinrollwith,outsideracewaybetweenformtheflexibleoilmembraneofdynamicpressure,andreduceaircantakethepartialheatsproducedbybearingoperation.
Practiceshowsthatthefueldeliveryinlubricationisbeenharmfulfortoomuchless,andformertwolubricationwaiescannotcontroltheamountoffueldeliveryaccurately,disadvantageintheraisingofthebearingrotationalspeedandlifeofmainshaft.Anddevelopthelubricationwayofoilgasofgetinguprecentlythelubricatingoilthatcancontrolthepointofeveryfrictionaccuratelyquantity,reliabilityisveryhigh.Practiceproofandthelubricationofoilgasarethemostidealmethodoflubricationofgreatmeritoftherateelectricalbearingofmainshaft,buttheequipmentneededbyitiscomplex,costishigh.Becauseofthelubricationwaylubricationeffectidealofoilgas,nowhavebecomeinternationalthelastmostpopularlubricationway.
Itscoolingelectricalmainshaftandtheanalysisofthermalsourceof3.3electricalmainshaftshavetwomajorinternalthermalsources:
Built-inmotorgiveoutheatwiththebearingofmainshaftgiveoutheat.Ifnotcontrol,fromtheheatthatthisarouseswarpcantheseriousprocessingprecisionandbearingservicelifethatreducesmachinetool,so,theservicelifethatcauseselectricalmainshaftshortens.
Electricalmainshaftbecauseofthedepositorytypeconfigurationofmainshaftinadopting,locateinthegeneratorintheunitofmainshaftcannotbreakupwithfanheat,thereforenaturally,scatteredhotconditionislackedcomparatively.Generatorisrealizingenergytransition,isinternaltoproducepowerloss,somakesgeneratorgiveoutheat.Studytoshow,isundergeneratorwithhighspeedoperationcondition,havenear1/3generatorgiveoutheatquantityfromgeneratorrotorproduce,andtheabsolutelymostofheatsthatrotorproducesarepassedthroughtheairgapbetweenrotorandstatorinstator;
Others2/3thestatorthatheatproducesingenerator.Soproducethemajorsolutionmethodofgivingouthe