研究生英语阅读教程基础级2版课文11及其翻译Word格式文档下载.docx
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[1]Recentlytherehasbeenagreatwhoopingandhollering(noisyargument)over(about)thediminisheddignityandimportance(status)oftheAmericanfather.
[2]Thepoor(pitiful)wretch(fellow/guy),sotheargumentgoes(says),oncethefountainheadofdomesticauthority,hasabdicated(givenup),leaving(give/let)theimportantchild-raisingdutiestothewife.Pop(father)hasbecomeacomicfigure(character),ridiculedincartoons,onTVshows,andinthemovies.
[3]BecauseofPop'
s(father’s)deficiencies(deficient/,adj./incompetence),wearetold,thefamilyisinbadshape(condition/comedownintheworld),thechildren(are)undisciplined,theatmosphereofthehome(is)anxiousandinsecure.
[4]Asacorollary(Consequently/Asaresult)wehaveMomism--theoverbearing(bossy),overprotective,over-dominantmotherwhoinflicts(impose/bringabout)allkindsofhideouspsychicscarsonheroffspring(children)whilePopwatchesTVorsulksinacornerafraidtodispute(argue)theauthorityofhisspouse.mother/mom/mum/;
dominate;
scarf
[5]Thecharge,ofcourse,isnotanewone.Itantedates(goesbefore)therepublic.GeorgeGrenville,MinistertoGeorgeIII,isreportedtohavepushedtheteataxonthegrounds(forthereasonsof)thatAmericanwivesweresoaddictedtoteadrinkingthattheywouldneverpermittheirhenpeckedhusbandstoban(prohibit)thestuff.(chargesb.with.sth.=accusesb.ofsth.)
[6]Everyschoolchildknowstheresultofthismiscalculation.
[7]Bethatasitmay(Infact),thesymbolofthediminisheddomesticmalehascometobedishwashing.Sociologists(orpsychologists,Iforgetwhich/who)andsomeopinionated(stubborn)laymenhaveinformed(told)usthatthewashingofdishesbyhusbandsisnotonlyasymbolofdomesticservitude,itisundermining(destroying)Popasarespected"
authority-figure(character)"
inthehousehold(family).Hence(Therefore/Thus)thedeteriorationofthefamily,hencejuveniledelinquency,hencethedeclineoftherepublic,etc.AllbecausePopwashedthedishes.
[8]Well,Iwishtoenteradissent(argumentagainstit).(informsb.ofsth.)
[9]Asapioneer,indeedamissionary,dishwasherofsome(about)fifteenyears'
standing(onend/continuously),Icanidentify(recognize)thesourceofthispropagandaatonce.Itproceeds(gofrom)fromlazymaleswhodon'
twanttomissthefirstfewinningsofthedouble-headeronTV.Thescientific(objective)jargonisjustwindowdressing.(man-dominated-society)
[10]Experiencehasmadeitquiteapparent(obvious)that(asuccessful)marriagecallsfor(needs)maturityandmutualsacrifice.Mostofthemarriagesthatfail,marriagecounselorstellus,failbecausethepartnerslacksuchqualities(quality).Dishwashing,bygeneralagreement,isaclassic(typical)exampleofdomesticdrudgery,adrearyandalmostcontinuouschore.Itis,therefore,anexcellenttaskforhusbandandwifetoshareasasymbolof"
maritalmutuality"
ratherthan"
distaffdominance"
.
[11]Everymealthatawifecooksandservesherhusbandis,ifitispreparedwithimaginationandskill,agenuinelycreativeact--aminor(small)workofart--themealitselfisakindoflovefeast,anofferingofthewife'
sdevotion(love).Nowdoourexpertsrecommendthataftersucharepast(meal)thehusbandshuffle,likeadull(uninteresting)brute(beast),intotheliving(sitting)roomtowatchthe"
Perils(Adventure)ofPauline"
ortoreadthecomicsection(part)ofthedailypaperwhile(atthesametime)thewiferetreats(withdraw)tothedepressingdisorderofapillaged(robbed)kitchen,ofgreasyplatesandcrustypots?
Isthistheirprescriptionforasuccessfulandhappymarriage?
[12]No,inthisinstance(case),asinsomany,manyothers,theexpertsarewrong.Iamnot,ofcourse,inaposition(ready)totestify(prove)asto(about)mymasculinity(manliness)orlackofit,butIdoknowthatIamnolessmasculineasaresultoffifteenyearsofdishwashing.NorhaveIobservedthatparentalauthorityhassufferedinanymeasure(degree).
[13]Mychildrenseem,generallyspeaking(ingeneral),underratherbetterdisciplinethantheoffspring(children)ofaformerprofessionalfootballplayerintheneighborhoodwhoishairyasagorilla,spendsallhisdomestichoursgapingat(watching)TVandhasneverwashedadishinhislife.
[14]Moreover(Furthermore),Imuststate(say)thatmydishwashingdutieshavebynomeansbeenanunmitigated(thorough/complete/unavoidable)burden.MywifeandIhavespentmanysociable(communicative)hoursatthekitchensinkand,Idoubtnot,discoveredsomenotable(outstanding)thingsaboutlifeandabouteachotherinthesenocturnal(atnight)dialogues.sexy:
slim->
masculine;
woman
[15]Iamfoursquarefor(standfor/support)womanlywomenandmanlymen.Ibelievethattheworldneedsthequalities(virtues)ofabstractandanalyticalthought,ofimagination,creativityandcompromisethataremoreclearlytheattributes(characters)ofthemaleasmuchas(and)itneedsthepractical,pragmatic,intuitive,unitary,principledapproach(method)ofthefemale.Isubscribeto(support)theview(concept)thatthebest(butcertainlynottheonly)placeforthewomanisinthehome.Butthen,ofcourse,Ilikethehomeanddonotview(consider)thisasasentencetojail.(analyze->
analysis;
win-winsituation)(intuition:
instinct)
[16]In(At)thehome,andwithintheroughdivisionoflaborthatistraditionalbetweenhusbandandwife,Ibelieveinthesharingofasmanyofthemoredifficultandonerousdomestictasksaspossible(especiallysincethewifeoftenhassomeoutsidejobastiringandtiresomeasherhusband'
s)justasIbelieveinsharingthenotinfrequentdelights(happiness)ofhome.Ibelieve,inshort(inbrief),inanintelligentmutualityinmarriagebasedontheassumption(belief)thatwomenarenotbeastsofburdenbutfellowhumans.(believesb.=Ithinkwhatyousayistrue;
believeinsth.=beholdsuchbelief;
basis)
[17]Ifthehusbandisthestrongercharacterinthefamily,hewillexercisetheauthorityofthehousehold.Ifheisnot,allthebragandblusterintheworldwillnotmakehimmorethanthenominal(honorable)head.
[18]Ifthewifeisthestrongerpartner,shewilldominatethelifeofthefamily,althoughifsheiscunning(clever)shemaymanageto(try)giveherhusbandtheillusionthatheisincharge.Sohasiteverbeenandsowillitcontinuetobe.(beinchargeofsth.)
[19]TheinnermasculinityoftheAmericanmaleisdoubtlessthreatenedtodayjustas,inmanyareasofoursociety,theessentialfemininityofourwomenisthreatened.Butthethreatdoesn'
tcomefromwashingdishes.Ifmasculinedignityandauthenticityhingeon(depend)washingornotwashingdishes,thecause(argument)islost.Indeed,itwasneverworthfightingfor(975words);
(innercity;
beworthdoing/beworthyofdoing)
ABOUTTHEAUTHOR
PageSmith(1917?
)isauniversityprofessorofhistoryandaspecialistinAmericancolonialhistory.Heisalsoafrequentcontributortonewspapersofarticlesdealingwithcontemporaryaffairs.
EXERCISES
I.ReadingComprehension
Answerthefollowingquestionsorcompletethefollowingstatements.
1.Accordingtotheauthor,therehasbeengreatconcernlatelyover_____.
A.thecompletelossoffatherlyauthority
B.thedecreasingnumberofAmericanfathers
C.theincreasingnumberofAmericanmothers
D.diminisheddomesticauthorityofAmericanfathers
2."
Pop"
inParagraph2refersto_____.
A.thesourceofdomesticauthority
B.Americanfathers
C.acomicfigureonTVshows
D.acartoonfigureinmovies
3.WhichofthefollowingisnotrelatedtoMomism?
A.Over-deficient.B.Overbearing.C.Overprotective.D.Overdominant.
4.Theword"
antedate"
inParagraph5mostprobablymeans_____.
A.tofallbehindB.tocomebeforeC.toactagainstD.tocoexistwith
5.Accordingtotheauthor,dishwashingbyhusbandsisregardedbysomelaymenas_____.
A.asymbolofdomesticauthorityB.ahelptofamilyintegrity
C.anaidtomaritalrelationshipD.asourceofjuveniledelinquency
6.Whatistheauthor'
sattitudetowardsmaledishwashing?
A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Indifferent.
7.Accordingtomarriagecounselors,whichofthefollowingmightleadtomarriagefailure?
A.Lackofmutualsacrifice.B.Shareofdomesticdrudgery.
C.Dishwashingbymales.D.Domesticdominance.
8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtotheauthor?
A.Everymealthatawifeelaboratelycookscanbeappreciatedasaworkofart.
B.Everymealthatawifeservesahusbandistheofferingofthewife'
sdevotion.
C.Asuccessfulandhappymarriagedoesnotdependonwhodoesdishes.
D.Doingdishesharmsaman'
sessentialmasculinityorhisauthorityinthefamily.
9.Theauthorstatesinthepassagethatdishwashing
A.isnomorethananabsoluteburden
B.hasdeprivedmalesofmanysocialhourswithfriends
C.helpstokeeptheirmaritallifeingoodshape
D.makeshischildrenbetterdisciplinedthanbefore
10.Theauthoragreeswiththeviewthat_____.
A.theoneandonlyplaceforthewomanisinthehome
B.thetraditionaldivisionoflaborbetweenmenandwomenisbiasedagainstwomen
C.theworldneedsqualitiesofmalesmorethanthoseoffemales
D.washingdishesornothasnothingtodowithmasculinityorfemininity
II.Vocabulary
A.Choosethebestwordfromthefourchoicestocompleteeachofthefollowingsentences.
1.Ifitcontinuesto_____itsresponsibilitiesthentheBritishgov