曼昆宏观经济学Chapter01习题及答案文档格式.docx

曼昆宏观经济学Chapter01习题及答案文档格式.docx

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b.“onewhomanagesahousehold.”

c.“onewhoparticipatesinamarket.”

d.“conservation.”

3.HouseholdsandeconomieshaveeachofthefollowingincommonEXCEPTboth

a.mustallocatescarceresources.

b.facemanydecisions.

c.mustallocatethegoodsandservicestheyproduce.

d.musthaveacentraldecisionmaker.

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4.Economicsdealsprimarilywiththeconceptof

a.scarcity.

b.poverty.

c.change.

d.power.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedinthedecisionsthateverysocietymustmake?

a.whatgoodswillbeproduced

b.whowillproducegoods

c.whatdeterminesconsumerpreferences

d.whowillconsumethegoods

6.Bothhouseholdsandsocietiesfacemanydecisionsbecause

a.resourcesarescarce.

b.populationsmayincreaseordecreaseovertime.

c.wagesforhouseholdsandthereforesocietyfluctuatewithbusinesscycles.

d.people,bynature,tendtodisagree.

7.Agoodisconsideredscarceinasocietywhen

a.moreoutputofthegoodispossible.

b.everyoneinthatsocietycannothavealltheywantofthegood.

c.thegovernmentrestrictsproductionofthegood.

d.onlytherichestpeopleintheeconomycanbuyalltheywantofthegood.

8.Scarcityexistswhen

a.thereislessthananinfiniteamountofaresourceorgood.

b.societycanmeetthewantsofeveryindividual.

c.thereislessofagoodorresourceavailablethanpeoplewishtohave.

d.thegovernmentfailstoproducegoods.

9.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbetrueinaworldwithoutscarcity?

a.Therewouldbenoneedforthescienceofeconomics.

b.Everyonewouldhaveallthegoodsandservicestheywanted.

c.Therewouldhavetobeaninfinitesupplyofeveryresource.

d.Therewouldbeopportunitycosts.

10.Approximatelywhatpercentageoftheworld’seconomiesexperiencescarcity?

a.25%

b.50%

c.75%

d.100%

11.Whenasocietycannotproduceallthegoodsandservicespeoplewishtohaveitissaidthattheeconomyisexperiencing

b.communism.

c.externalities.

d.marketfailure.

12.Forsociety,agoodisnotscarceif

a.atleastoneindividualinsocietycanobtainallheorshewantsofthegood.

b.firmsareproducingatfullcapacity.

c.allmembersofsocietycanhavealltheywantofit.

d.thosewhohaveenoughincomecanbuyalltheywantofthegood.

13.Whichproductwouldbeconsideredscarce?

a.Nikeshoes

b.Monetpaintings

c.1-caratdiamonds

d.Alloftheabovearecorrect.

14.Whichofthefollowinggoodsbestmeetsthedefinitionofscarcity?

a.air

b.waterintheocean

c.waterinacity

d.woodinaforest

15.Economicsisdefinedasthestudyof

a.business.

b.howsocietymanagesitsscarceresources.

c.centralplanning.

d.governmentregulation.

16.Economicsisthestudyof

a.howsocietymanagesitsscarceresources.

b.thegovernment’sroleinsociety.

c.howamarketsystemfunctions.

d.howtoincreaseproduction.

17.Inmostsocieties,resourcesareallocatedby

a.asinglecentralplanner.

b.thosewhoowntheresources.

c.thosefirmsthatuseresourcestoprovidegoodsandservices.

d.thecombinedactionsofmillionsofhouseholdsandfirms.

18.EconomistsstudyallofthefollowingEXCEPT

a.howpeoplemakedecisions.

b.howpeopleinteractwithoneanother.

c.theforcesandtrendsthataffecttheeconomyasawhole.

d.howsocietieschangeovertime.

19.WhichofthefollowingisNOTamajorareaofstudyforeconomists?

a.howpeoplemakedecisions

b.howcountrieschoosenationalleaders

c.howpeopleinteractwitheachother

d.howforcesandtrendsaffecttheoveralleconomy

20.Theadage,“Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch,”isusedtoillustratetheconceptof

a.tradeoffs.

b.scarcity.

c.productivity.

d.efficiency.

21.Theadage,“Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch,”means

a.evenpeopleonwelfarehavetopayforfood.

b.thecostoflivingisalwaysincreasing.

c.togetsomethingwelike,weusuallyhavetogiveupanotherthingwelike.

d.allcostsareincludedinthepriceofaproduct.

22.Economistsusethephrase“Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch,”toillustrate

a.howinflationincreasesprices.

b.thattogetonething,wemustgiveupsomethingelse.

c.thatnothingisfreeinamarketeconomy.

d.thatifsomethinglookstoogoodtobetrue,itprobablyis.

23.Whichbestrepresentstheconceptrepresentedbytheadage,“Thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch”?

a.Melissacanonlyattendtheconcertifshetakeshersisterwithher.

b.Gregishungryandhomeless.

c.Brianmustrepairthetireonhisbikebeforehecanrideittoclass.

d.KendramustdecidebetweengoingtoColoradoorCancunforspringbreak.

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24.Gunsandbutterareusedtorepresenttheclassicsocietaltradeoffbetweenspendingon

a.durableandnondurablegoods.

b.importsandexports.

c.nationaldefenseandconsumergoods.

d.lawenforcementandagriculture.

25.Henrydecidestospendtwohoursplayinggolfratherthanworkingathisjobwhichpays$8perhour.Henry’stradeoffis

a.the$16hecouldhaveearnedworkingfortwohours.

b.nothing,becauseheenjoysplayinggolfmorethanworking.

c.theincreaseinskillheobtainsfromplayinggolfforthosetwohours.

d.nothing,becausehespent$16forgreenfeestoplaygolf.

26.Whensocietyrequiresthatfirmsreducepollution,thereis

a.atradeoffbecauseofreducedincomestothefirms’owners,workers,andcustomers.

b.notradeoff,sinceeveryonebenefitsfromreducedpollution.

c.notradeoffforsocietyasawhole,sincethecostofreducingpollutionfallsonlyonthefirmsaffectedbytherequirements.

d.atradeoffonlyifsomefirmsareforcedtoclose.

27.Danieldecidestospendthelasttwohoursofthenightbeforehiseconomicsexamstudyinginsteadofsleeping.ForDaniel,histradeoffwouldbe

a.nothing,sincenodollarvaluecanbeputonsleep.

b.nothing,sincestudyingwouldbemorebeneficialthansleep.

c.thesixhoursofsleephecouldhavehadifhehadgonetobedbeforemidnight.

d.thetwohoursofresthewouldhavegotten.

28.Atradeoffexistsbetweenacleanenvironmentandahigherlevelofincomeinthat

a.studiesshowthatindividualswithhigherlevelsofincomeactuallypollutelessthanlow-incomeindividuals.

b.topayforpollutionclean-up,thegovernmentmustincreasetaxeswhichlowersincome.

c.lawsthatreducepollutionraisecostsofproductionandreduceincomes.

d.byemployingindividualstocleanuppollution,employmentandincomebothrise.

29.WhichofthefollowingwouldNOTbearesultoflawsthatrequirefirmstoreducepollution?

a.lowerspendingbygovernment

b.higherpricestoconsumers

c.lowerwagestoworkers

d.smallerprofittofirms

30.Pollutionregulationswill

a.increaseprofittofirms.

b.imposeatradeoffonsociety.

c.allowfirmstoraiseworkers’wages.

d.lowerpricesforconsumers.

b.impo