出租车计价器毕业设计中英文翻译.doc

出租车计价器毕业设计中英文翻译.doc

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ABSTRACT

1.INTRODUCTION

Transportingpeopleinthemorningfromtheirhomestotheirworksandbackintheafternoonhasbecomeabigprobleminbigcitiesespeciallyinundevelopedcountries.Asapartialsolutionofthisproblem,theauthoritiesinsomecountrieshad,unofficially,leftthetaxicabdriverstocarrydifferentpassengerstodifferentplacesattheSametime.Forexample,ataxicabwithfourseatsmaycarryfourdifferentpassengerswithoutanyrelationbetweenthemexceptthattheirwayoftravellingisthesame.

Accordingly,ithasbecomeverydifficulttorelyonthepresentconventionalsingle-channeltaximetertodeterminethefarerequiredfromeachpassengerseparately.Accordingly,anunfairfinancialrelationwascreatedbetweenthetaxicabdriver,owner,passengersandthestatetaxationdepartment.

Underthesecircumstances,taxicabdriversforcethepassengerstopaymorethanwhattheyshouldpay.Insomecasespassengershadtopaydoublefaretheyshouldpay.Withthepresentconventionalsingle-channeltaximeter,taxicabownersarenotabletodeterminethedailyincomeoftheirtaxicab.

Insomecases（ataxicabwithfourseats）theymayonlygetonequarteroftheincomeofthetaxicab（collectedbythetaxicabdriver）.Fromwhichtheyshouldpaythesalaryofthetaxicabdriveraswellasthecostoffuel,minorandmajorrepairsinadditiontothecardepreciation.Asamatteroffactthepositionofthetaxicabownersisnotsobadasitseems.Ageneralagreementhasbeenreachedbetweenthetaxicabdriversandownerssuchthatthedriversshouldguaranteeafixeddailyincometotheownersaswellasthepayingforthecostoffuelaswellastheminorrepaires.Eventhoughthetaxicabdriversstillsharethelargeportionoftheincomeofthetaxicab.Alsowiththepresenceofthesingle-channeltaximeter,ithasbecomeverydifficultforthestatetaxationdepartmenttoknowtheyearlyincomeofthetaxicabandaccordinglyithasbecomeverydifficulttoestimatethetaxestobepaidbythetaxicabowners.

Inordertofacethisproblem,thestatetaxationdepartmenthadtoimposeafixedestimatedtaxesforeachseatofthetaxicabwhatevertheincomeofthetaxicab.Inthispaper,weintroducedamultichanneltaximeterthatcandealwithmorethanonepassengersimultaneously.Itshouldbepointedoutthatbythetermpassengerwemeanaonepersonoragroupofrelatedpersons.Itshouldalsobepointedoutthatourproposedmulti-channeltaximeterisnot,simply,amultidisplayreadouts.Asamatteroffactitcontainslogiccircuitsthatautomaticallychangesthefareperkillometeroftravellingdistanceorperminutesof'waitingtimeaccordingtothenumberofpassengershiringthetaxicab.Inthefollowingpartandasanexample,wewillpresentacompletedesignforathree-channeltaximeter.

Blockdiagramsaswellasdetailedcircuitdiagramsoftheexperimentalthree-channeltaximeterarealsoincluded.AprototypehasbeenbuiltundergrantfromtheEgyptianAcademyforScientificandTechnologicalResearch.

2.ANEXPERIMENTALTHREECHANNELTAXIMETER

Theoryofoperationofourexperimentaldevicetoworkasanelectronicdigitaltaximeterisbasedonthefactthathespeedometercablerotatesonerevolutionforeachmeteroftravellingdistance.

Accordingly,ifthespeedometercableiscoupledwithaspeedsensorthatgeneratesasinglepulseforeachmeteroftravellingdistance,thenourtaximetercouldbethreeupcountermodulesassociatedwithaspeedsensorunit.

However,ourexperimentaltaximeterisnotsimplyathreedisplayreadouts.Asamatteroffactitcontainslogiccircuitsthatautomaticallychangesthefareperkilometeroftravellingdistanceorperminutesofwaitingtimeaccordingtothenumberofpassengershiringthetaxicab.Thedevicemaybesplittedintotwomainparts:

Thefirstisthespeedsensorunitwhichmaybelocatedanywhereinthetaxicabsuchthataneasycouplingtothespeedometercablecanbeachieved.Thesecondunitcontainsthemainelectroniccircuit,thedisplayandcontrolpanel.Theunitshouldbelocatedsomewhereinfrontofboththedriverandthepassengers.

ApossiblecomponentslocationsisshowninFigure1.

A.SpeedSensorUnit

Themainfunctionofthisunitistosupplytrainofpulseswhosefrequencyisproportionaltotheangularrotationofthewheels.ApossibleformofaspeedsensorisshowninFigure2.

Ifmayconsistofatj.pica1permanentmagnetsinewavegeneratorwithitsoutputconnectedtoapulseshappingcircuit（twogeneralpurposesilicondiodes,1Kohmsresistorandaschmittriggerinverter）.

Inordertofindsomewaytodetectthemovementofthetaxicab,theoutputofthesinewavegeneratorisrectifiedthroughageneralpurposesilicondiodeDlthensmoothedbya1000Fcapacitor.TheoutputvoltageatterminalQisthenlimitedtothevalueof4.7voltsbyusi