中西方餐桌礼仪的比较Word格式.docx

中西方餐桌礼仪的比较Word格式.docx

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学部（系）：

专业年级：

指导老师：

职称或学位：

2010年3月31日

Acknowledgements

Iwouldliketoexpressmydeepestgratitudetoallthosewhohelpedmeduringthewritingofthisthesis.Igratefullyacknowledgethehelpofmysupervisor,MissLi,whohasofferedmevaluablesuggestionsanddoneagreatfavortomythesis.Inthepreparationofthethesis,shehasspentmuchtimereadingthrougheachdraftandprovidedmewithinspiringadvice.Fromthechoiceofthetopictotherevisionofthethesis,Ihavebenefitedgreatlyfromherpatience,encouragementandexcellentguidance.Withoutherpatientinstructionandexpertguidance,thecompletionofthisthesiswouldnothavebeenpossible.What’smore,Iamdeeplymovedbyherseriousattitudetowardsacademicwork.

Inaddition,mysincerethanksshouldalsogotomyclassmatesandteacherswhosupportedthroughoutthecourseoftheresearch.

Finally,Ishouldexpressmygratitudetomybelovedparentswhohavealwaysbeenhelpingmeoutofdifficultiesandsupportingwithoutawordofcomplaint.

Abstract

Tablemannersaredifferentatalltimesandinallcountries,andpeoplealsohavedifferentopinionsaboutit.Somepeoplethinktablemannersarethebasiccharacterthatapolitepersonshouldhave;

othersthinkitisanimportantconditiontohaveanachievementinbusiness;

therearealsosomepeoplethinkitcanhelpstoshapeandkeeptheimageofacountry.Thisarticlefirstlytriestointroducetheapplicationandimportanceoftablemanners.Secondly,itintroducesthesimilaritiesanddifferencesintablemannersbetweenChinaandwesterncountries.Thirdly,itshowsthesignificanceoftablemanners.Atlast,itanalyzesandsummarizesthetablemanners.Itshowsclearlythatthetimeisdeveloping,andthecommunicationisspeedingup,differentinteractionsareinprogress.Andweshouldinsistonoursuperiortradition,andrealizemoreforeignculture,sothatwecanhaveanobjective,tolerantandrespectiveattitudetocommunicatecorrectlyandgracefullyincross-culturalcommunication.ThearticlealsoadvocatesthatthetablemannersofChinaandwesterncountriesshouldinteractandlearnfromeachothertomakeourlifemorecolorful.

Keywords:

tablemanners;

culture;

interaction

摘要

在餐桌上吃饭的风俗礼节古今中外皆有不同，人们对它的认识更是众说纷纭。

有的人将餐桌礼仪视为文明人必备的基本素质；

也有人认为，它是事业能够获得成功的重要条件；

还有人认为，它是对外塑造和维护国家形象的重要体现。

本篇论文试图首先介绍餐桌礼仪的应用性和重要性。

其次，介绍中西方餐桌礼仪的异同点。

再次，比较中西方餐桌礼仪的意义。

最后，对餐桌礼仪进行分析与总结。

旨在说明时代在发展，交流在加速，不同文化的相互借鉴在进行着。

我们在坚持自己的优秀文化传统的同时，要采用一个客观、宽容、尊重的心态对待异国文化以便能在跨文化交际中能恰当地、得体地进行交际。

论文还提倡中外饮食礼仪文化在碰撞中融合，在融合中互补，从而取长补短，使生活更加美丽多姿。

关键词：

餐桌礼仪；

文化；

相互作用

Contents

Introduction……………………………………………………………..1

1.AnIntroductiontoTableManners…………………………………..2

1.1Manners……………………………………………………………..2

1.2Tablemanners……………………………………………………….2

2.ChineseTableMannersandWesternTableManners……………..4

2.1Similarities………………………………………………………......4

2.2Differences………………………………………………………….5

3.TheSignificanceofComparingtheTableMannersinChinaandWesternCountries………………………………………………….13

3.1Understandingculturaldifferences………………………………...13

3.2Facilitatingcross-culturalcommunication……………………….13

Conclusion……………………………………………………………...15

Bibliography……………………………………………………………16

Introduction

Tablemanners,asimpliedbythename,areamannerthateveryoneshouldnoticewhentheyareeatingatthetable.Itisnecessarytoapplyandattachimportancetothetablemanners.Ononehand,itisfitforourownsocialstatusandposition;

ontheotherhand,itcanmakeapreparationforthenextfurtherdevelopment.

Foodisimportantinourdailylife,sotablemannersareimportant,too.Thereisacertainanswerfortheprogressofthesocialcivilization.

Mannersrunthroughthedinnertable.Tablemannersareoneofthebasicself-cultivationofmodernpeople.What’smore,therearesomanydifferencesintablemannersbetweenChinaandwesterncountries.Andtablemannersarealsoareflectionofacountry’sculture,solearningthedifferenttablemannerscanmakeusrealizemoreaboutcultureandcivilization.

1.AnIntroductiontoTableManners

1.1Manners

Therearetwokindsofmanners,inabroadsenseandinanarrowsense.Manners,inabroadsense,areveryrichinitsdenotation.Anditisnearlythenameofcivilizationandculture.Manners,inanarrowsense,areaseriesofstandardandcriterionthattomaintainpublicorderincommunications.Broadsensemannershavebeenpast.Today,thecommonsenseintheworldreferstothenarrowsensemanners.[6]Somanners,astheculturehaveitsowncharactersandfunctions.

Chinaisaworld-famousnationofmanners.InChinesewords,itiscalled“LiYi”,andwethinkthewordconsistsof“Li”and“Yi”.Firstly,“Li”istherootofpeaceandstabilitytothecountry;

secondly,itisthesameasaword—reason;

thirdly,itmeansrespecttopeople.And“Yi”referstoprincipleandbehavior.[7]Thenwhataboutforeigncountries?

TheythinkmannersstartedinaFrenchword“etiquette”,whichmeansthepassportofcourt.Allthepeopleincourthaveapassport,andtheyshouldobeytherules,anditisrelatedtoouroldtimes’manners.Afterward,ithasfourmeanings:

courtesy,rule,protocolandrite.Inmanners,Chinaandwesterncountrieshavesomethingincommon,butalsohavedifferences,thenwhatabouttablemanners?

[1]

1.2Tablemanners

Tablemanners,asimpliedbythename,areamannerthateveryoneshouldnoticewhentheyareeatingatthetable.Anditcanbedescribedasalong-standingproblem.[8]WesternfoodhasaneffectonourancientChina,andsomeChinesetablemannersarealsointroducedfromwesterncountries.Suchassoup,andtoastarealsointroducedtoChinesetablemannersbecauseofitsreasonableandhealthywayofeating.Byculturalexchanges,diningetiquetteismorescientificandrational.[2]

1.2.1Theimportanceoftablemanners

othersthinkit’sanimportantconditiontohaveanachievementinbusiness.Recently,therearealsosomepeoplethinkthattablemannersaretheimportantmanifestationofdefendinganationalimage;

Inaddition,peoplebelievethattablemannersarethehighestwisdomofeatinganddrinkingandthetablemannerseducationsectorisareflectionofacountry’sculture.Inconclusion,tablemannersareveryhelpfultoshapeagoodimageofanindividualfromthesocialoccasions,andpeoplecanimprovetheirself-cultivationbyfocusingonanddistinguishamongdifferentregions,differentgroupsanddifferentsocialsituations’tablemannersandtogetintouchwithdifferentculturesandcustoms.

1.2.2Theapplicationoftablemanners

Tableseemstobeanordinaryplace,butinreallife,itisnotonlyjusttoprovideacomfortableplaceforpeopletocramthemselveswithfood.Sometimestheexchangesatthedinnertablewouldbeofgreatimpactontherelationshipbetweenthediners,interestsandevenlong-termfuture.

Onmanyoccasions,wemustpaymoreattentiontotablemanners,suchastablemannersofappointment,wedding,family,business,work,restaurant,foreignoccasionandsomeotheroccasions.

2.ChineseTableMannersandWesternTableManners

2.1Similarities

2.1.1Politenessandpriority

Goodhabitsattableshouldbeeducatedsincechildhood.Thefollowingpointsarethematterswhichparentsandchildrenshouldalsocommunicatewitheachother:

Atthetableweshouldmaintaingoodposture,whenyoudonoteat,yourhandsshouldbeunmoved,anddonoteatwhentheelbowpressureonthedesktop.

What’smore，thepopularChinesefeastistocontinuethetraditionandritual,andonthebasisofreferencetoforeignmanners.Itsseatingruleis:

therightsideisimportantofwesternfeast,themaincustomersatthetableontherightsideofthemaster,thesecondguestsatthemasteroftheleftoratthetableontherightsideofthemaincustomers,andwhenpouringwine,servingtherightsideofthemaincustomer,thentotheowner;

andfirsttoladies,thentomen.[9]

2.1.2Cultureandcustom

WesterntablemannershaveaneffectonancientChinaandsomehavealsobeenintroducedintoChina.Suchassub-dishes,soup,andtoastarealsointroducedtoChinesetablemannersbecauseofitsreasonableandhealthywayofeating.[10]CulturalexchangesinChinaandwesterndietgivingrisetomorescientificandreasonablediningetiquette.Meanwhile,the"

wineculture"

isalsoatopicofbotholdandnew.Inthecourseofmoderncommunication,alcoholplaysamoreandmoreimportantrole.Wineonthetablecanshowaperson'

stalent,knowledge,trainingandcommunicationmanners.Andsometimesahumorouslanguagewillmakeguestsimpressed.However,thedrinksshouldbemoderate,butcannotbeforced.

Afterameal,howtoshowgenerouslyandleavethecompanionandstaffagoodimpressionisanimportantthing.Generallyspeaking,youshouldtakeadvantageofopportunitieswhenthewaiterwalkaroundyou,andquietlystoppedhimandpolitelytoldhim:

"

Pleasehelpustocheckout."

Ifatthemomentthereisnoservicestaffapproached,onemaywishtowaitpatientlyseveralminutes.Whenpeoplehavetoanswerthephone,heshouldbepolitetotellthepeoplebesidehim"

Excuseme,Ireceiveaphonecallaway.”andshouldnotbeatthetableandtalkloudlyinthephone.

2.2Differences

2.2.1Seatingarrangement

InChina,the"

seatingarrangement"

isthemostimportantpartofthetablemanners.Sinceancienttimes,thetablewareischanging;

thearrangementofse