至英语专八听力minilecture真题及答案Word下载.docx

至英语专八听力minilecture真题及答案Word下载.docx

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accept

--passivelearners:

（8）_______

B.attitudetoward（9）______

evaluateandchangebehaviour

nochangeinapproach

Relationshipbetweenskillandwill:

willismoreimportantin（10）______.

Lackofwillleadstodifficultyincollegelearning.

参考答案：

1.checkingtheirunderstanding

2.reflectiveoninformation

3.incomprehensible

4.whatyouread

5.organized

6.monitoringtheirunderstanding

7.differentiate

8.blame

9.performance

10.activelearning

SectionAMini-lecture

或者

1、checkingunderstanding。

2、reflective

3、puzzling/confusing

4、whatisread

5、comprehensiveandorganized

6、constantunderstandingmonitoring//monitoringtheirunderstanding

7、differ

8、blameothers

9、poorperformance

10、schoolwork//studies

2012

Observation

Peopledoobservationindailylifecontextforsafetyorforproperbehaviour.However,therearedifferencesindailylifeobservationandresearchobservation.

Differences

----dailylifeobservation

--casual

--

（1）________

--dependenceonmemory

----researchobservation

--

（2）_________

--carefulrecordkeeping

B.Waystoselectsamplesinresearch

----timesampling

--systematic:

e.g.fixedintervalseveryhour

--random:

fixedintervalsbut（3）_______

Systematicsamplingandrandomsamplingareoftenusedincombination.

----（4）_______

--definition:

selectionofdifferentlocations

--reason:

humans’oranimals’behaviour（5）______acrosscircumstances

--（6）______:

moreobjectiveobservations

C.Waystorecordbehaviour（7）_______

----observationwithintervention

--participantobservation:

researcherasobserverandparticipant

--fieldexperiment:

research（8）______overconditions

----observationwithoutintervention

--purpose:

describingbehaviour（9）______

--（10）______:

nointervention

--researcher:

apassiverecorder

1:

rarelyformalrecords2:

systematicobjectivemanner3:

variable

4:

situationsampling5:

vary6:

advantage7:

asitoccurs8:

havemorecontrol9:

innaturalsetting10:

methodInterview

2011

ClassificationsofCultures

AccordingtoEdwardHall,differentculturesresultindifferentideasabouttheworld.Hallisananthropologist.Heisinterestedinrelationsbetweencultures.

I.High-contextcultureA.feature

-context:

moreimportantthanthemessage

-meaning:

（1）__________

i.e.moreattentionpaidto

（2）___________thantothemessageitself

B.examples

-personalspace

-preferencefor（3）__________

-lessrespectforprivacy/personalspace

-attentionto（4）___________

-conceptoftime

-beliefin（5）____________interpretationoftime

-noconcernforpunctuality

-nocontrolovertime

II.Low-contextculture

A.feature

-message:

separatefromcontext

-meaning:

（6）___________

-desire/respectforindividuality/privacy

-lessattentiontobodylanguage

-moreconcernfor（7）___________

-attitudetowardtime

-conceptoftime:

（8）____________

-dislikeof（9）_____________

-timeseenascommodity

III.Conclusion

Awarenessofdifferentculturalassumptions

-relevanceinworkandlife

e.g.business,negotiation,etc.

-（10）_____________insuccessfulcommunication

1.apartfromthemessage2.whatishappening3.closeness4.bodylanguage5.multiple6.initself7.themessageitself8.punctualitymeanseverything9.lateness10.accounts

1.andsignificance

2.thecontext或whatisdoing3.closenesstopeople4.bodylanguage5.polychronic6.initself

7.personalspace8.monochrome9.lateness

10.multiculturalsituation

2010

ParalinguisticFeaturesofLanguage

Inface-to-facecommunicationspeakersoftenaltertheirtomesofvoiceorchangetheirphysicalposturesinordertoconveymessages.Thesemeansarecalledparalinguisticfeaturesoflanguage,whichfallintotwocategories.

Firstcategory:

vocalparalinguisticfeatures

（1）__________:

toexpressattitudeorintention

（1）__________

Examples

1.whispering:

needforsecrecy

2.breathiness:

deepemotion

3.

（2）_________:

unimportance

（2）__________

4.nasality:

anxiety

5.extralip-rounding:

greaterintimacy

Secondcategory:

physicalparalinguisticfeatures

facialexpressions

（3）_______（3）__________

-----smiling:

signalofpleasureorwelcome

lesscommonexpressions

-----eyebrowraising:

surpriseorinterest

-----lipbiting:

（4）________（4）_________

gesture

gesturesarerelatedtoculture.

Britishculture

-----shruggingshoulders:

（5）________（5）__________

-----scratchinghead:

puzzlement

othercultures

-----placinghanduponheart:

（6）_______（6）__________

-----pointingatnose:

secret

proximity,postureandechoing

proximity:

physicaldistancebetweenspeakers

-----closeness:

intimacyorthreat

-----（7）_______:

formalityorabsenceofinterest（7）_________

Proximityisperson-,culture-and（8）________-specific.（8）_________

posture

-----hunchedshouldersorahanginghead:

toindicate（9）_____（9）________

-----directleveleyecontact:

toexpressanopenorchallengingattitude

echoing

-----definition:

imitationofsimilarposture

-----（10）______:

aidincommunication（10）___________

-----consciousimitation:

mockery

1tonesofvoice2huskiness3universalsignal;

4thoughtoruncertainty5indifference6honesty7distance;

8situation;

9mood;

10unconsciouslysameposture

2009

WritingExperimentalReports

I.Contentofanexperimentalreport,e.g.

---studysubject/area

---studypurpose

---____1____

II.Presentationofanexperimentalreport

---providingdetails

---regardingreadersas_____2_____

III.Structureofanexperimentalreport

---feature:

highlystructuredand____3____

---sectionsandtheircontent:

INTRODUCTION____4____;

whyyoudidit

METHODhowyoudidit

RESULTwhatyoufoundout

____5____whatyouthinkitshows

IV.Senseofreadership

---____6____:

readeristhemarker

---____7____:

readerisanidealized,hypothetical,intelligentpersonwithlittleknowledgeofyourstudy

---taskstofulfillinanexperimentalreport:

introductiontorelevantarea

necessarybackgroundinformation

developmentofcleararguments

definitionoftechnicalterms

precisedescriptionofdata____8____

V.Demandsandexpectationsinreportwriting

---earlystage:

understandingofstudysubject/areaanditsimplications

basicgraspofthereport'

sformat

---laterstage:

____9____onresearchsignificance

---thingstoavoidinwritingINTRODUCTION:

Inadequatematerial

____10____ofresearchjustificationforthestudy

MINI-LECTURE

1.Studyresult/findings2.Audience3.Disciplined4.whatyoudid5.DISCUSSION6.acommonmistake7.inreality8.obtained/thatyouobtained9.attention/foucs/emphasis10.暂无

10.

2008

ThePopularityofEnglish

I.PresentstatusofEnglish

A.Englishasanative/firstlanguage

B.Englishasalinguafranca:

alanguageforcommunicationamongpeople

whose

（1）______aredifferent

（1）_______

C.NumberofpeoplespeakingEnglishasafirstorasecondlanguage:

—320-380millionnativespeakers

—250-

（2）_____millionspeakersofEnglishasasecondlanguage

（2）_______

II.ReasonsforthepopularuseofEnglish

A.（3）____reasons（3）_______

—thePilgrimFathersbroughtthelanguagetoAmerica;

—BritishsettlersbroughtthelanguagetoAustralia;

—Englishwasusedasameansofcontrolin（4）_____（4）_______

B.Economicreasons

—spreadof（5）_____（5）_______

—languageofcommunicationiiitheinternationalbusinesscommunity

C.（6）______ininternationaltravel（6）_______

—useofEnglishintravelandtourism

—signsinairports

—languageofannouncement

—languageof（7）______（7）_______

D.Informationexchange

—useofEnglishintheacademicworld

—languageof（8）_____orjournalarticles（8）_______

E.Popularculture

—popmusicon（9）______（9）_______

—filmsfromtheUSA

III.Questionstothinkabout

A.statusofEnglishinthefuture

B.（10）______ofdistinctvarietiesofEnglish（10）_______

1.nativelanguage2.3503.Historical4.India5.commerce6.Boom7.seatravelcommunication8.conference9.manyradios10.split

2007

WhatCanWeLearnfromArt?

I.Introduction

A.Differencesbetweengeneralhistoryandarthistory

—Focus:

—generalhistory:

（1）_____

—arthistory:

politicalvalues,emotions,everydaylife,etc.

B.Significanceofstudy

Moreinformationandbetterunderstandingofhumansocietyandcivilization

II.Typesofinformation

A.Informationinhistorybooksis

（2）_____

—facts,butnoopinions

B.Informationinarthistoryissubjective

—（3）_____andopinions

e.g.—Spanishpainter'

sworks:

misuseofgovernmentalpower

—Mexicanartists'

works:

attitudestowardssocialproblems

III.Artasareflectionofreligiousbelief