语言学树形图课后答案Word文档格式.docx

语言学树形图课后答案Word文档格式.docx

《语言学树形图课后答案Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《语言学树形图课后答案Word文档格式.docx（15页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

APN

fullofpeople

b）astoryaboutasentimentalgirl

NP

NPPP

DetNPNP

DetAN

astoryaboutasentimentalgirl

c）oftenreaddetectivestories

VP

QualVNP

AN

oftenreaddetectivestories

d）theargumentagainsttheproposals

DetN

theargumentagainsttheproposals

e）movetowardsthewindow

VPP

PDetN

movetowardsthewindow

3.Drawphrasestructuretreesforeachofthefollowingsentences.

a）Thejetlanded.

InflP（=S）

NPInflVP

DetNPstV

Thejetlanded

b）Marybecameveryill.

InflP（=S）

NPstVAP

DegA

Marybecameveryill

c）Whatwillyoutalkabout?

CP

NPCS

NInflNPInflVP

VPNP

VPN

Whatwillyouetalkaboute

d）Theapplemighthittheman.

S

NPVP

DetNAuxVNP

Theapplemighthittheman

OR

InflP（=S）

DetNVNP

e）Heoftenreadsdetectivestories.

NQualVNP

Heoftenreadsdetectivestories

OR

Pres

4.Thefollowingsentencescontainmodifiersofvarioustypes.Foreachsentence,firstidentifythemodifier（s）,thendrawthetreestructures.

a）Afrightenedpassengerlandedthecrippledairplane.

DetANPstVNP

Afrightenedpassengerlandedthecrippledairplane

b）Ahugemoonhungintheblacksky.

DetANPstVPP

PNP

Ahugemoonhungintheblacksky

c）Anunusualeventoccurredbeforethemeeting.

Anunusualeventoccurredbeforethemeeting

d）Anoldhouseappearedonthegrassyhill.

DetANPPstVPP

ANPNP

Anoldhouseappearedonthegrassyhill

5.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainconjoinedcategories.Drawatreestructureforeachofthesentences.

a）Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants.

NAuxVNP

DetANP

NCONN

Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants

NInflVNP

b）Helenputonherclothesandwentout.

NVPCONVP

VPNPVAdv

VPDetN

Helenputonherclothesandwentout

NPstVPCONVP

c）Maryisfondofliteraturebuttiredofstatistics.

VPNPVPNP

VAPNVAPN

Maryisfondofliteraturebut（is）tiredofstatistics

NPresVPCONVP

d）Thedetectivewentoutandthemysteriousmancamein.

S

SCONS

NPVPNPVP

DetNVAdvDetANVAdv

Thedetectivewentoutandthemysteriousmancamein

e）Crusoeknowsthatspringwillcomeandthesnowwillmelt.

NVCS

NAuxVDetNAuxV

Crusoeknowsthatspringwillcomeandthesnowwillmelt

6.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainembeddedclausesthatfunctionascomplementsofaverb,anadjective,aprepositionoranoun.Drawatreestructureforeachsentence.

a）YouknowthatIhatewar.

NVNP

N

YouknowthatIhatewar

ORCP

CInflP（=S）

NPresVCS

b）HesaidthatTomaskedwhethertheclasswasover.

NVCS

DetNVLA

HesaidthatTomaskedwhethertheclasswasover

c）Gerrycan’tbelievethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexam.

NVPNP

AuxNegVNPCS

DetNNPVP

GerrycannotbelievethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexam

d）ChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Royce.

NVLACS

DetNVNPNP

NDetN

ChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Royce

e）Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings.

DetNVPCS

VPNPVP

Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings

7.Eachofthefollowingsentencescontainsarelativeclause.Drawthedeepstructureandthesurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesentences.

a）Theessaythathewrotewastoolong.

Deepstructure

CP

CS

DetNCPVAP

CSDegP

Theessayhewrotethatwastoolong

SurfaceStructure

NPNPInflVP

NNPstVNP

Theessaythathewroteewastoolong

b）Thedogthathekeepsbites.

DetNCPV

CInflS

PresNPVP

Thedoghekeepsthatbites

NNPresVNP

Thedogthathekeepsebites

c）Herbertfoundthemansheloved.

DetNCS

NV

Herbertfoundthemanshelovedwho

SurfaceStructure

DetNS

C

NPNP

NN

Herbertfoundtheman（whom）shelovede

d）Thegirlwhomheoftenquarrelswithmajorsinlinguistics.

DetNCPVPP

PP

NQualVPNP

Thegirlheoftenquarrelswithwhommajorsinlinguistics

NNQualVPNP

Thegirlwhomheoftenquarrelswithemajorsinlinguistics

8.Thederivationsofthefollowingsentencesinvolvetheinversiontransformation.Givethedeepstructureandthesurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesesentences.

a）Wouldyoucometomorrow?

NPAdvP

NInflVAdv

youwouldcometomorrow

Surfacestructure

Infl

wouldyouecometomorrow

b）Canyoupassmethenewspaper?

Deepstructure

NPNPNP

NInflVNDetN

youcanpassmethenewspaper

InflNPNPNP

Canyouepassmethenewspaper

c）Shouldthestudentsreporttheincident?

DetNInflVDetN

thestudentsshouldreporttheincident

CS

InflNPNP

shouldthestudentsereporttheincident

d）Whatdidyoueatforlunch?

NInflVP

youdideatwhatforlunch

InflNPPP

NNInflVP

whatdidyoueeateforlunch

e）Whoshouldthisbereportedto?

NInflVVP

thisshouldbereportedtowhom

NPCS

NInflNPPP

whomshouldthisebereportedtoe

f）WhatwasHelenbringingtotheparty?

Helenwasbringingwhattotheparty

whatwasHelenebringingetotheparty