广州市初中会考英语句型转换之我见Word下载.docx
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ItravelledtoBeiJinglastsummer.
Wheredidyoutravellastsummer?
5、如果划线内容是问乘坐的交通工具的,就用how提问,如:
Igotoschoolbybus.
Howdoyougotoschool?
6、如果划线内容是“in+时间”这样的短暂性词语时,就用howsoon提问,如:
IwillcomebacktoGuangzhouintwodays.
HowsoonwillyoucomebacktoGuangzhou?
7、当句子出现频度副词(often,twiceaweek…)时,用howoften提问,如:
:
Heoftengoestoschoolat8.
Howoftendoeshegotoschoolat8?
WehavethePEclasstwiceaweek.
HowoftendoyouhavethePEclass?
8、当句子中出现for,since时,用howlong提问,如:
Myfatherhaslivedherefor10years.
Howlonghasyourfatherlived?
Ihavelivedheresince1995.
Howlonghasyoulivedhere?
二、把直接引语改为间接引语:
用引号原封不动的陈述某人说的话叫直接引语;
不用引号转述某人说的话叫间接引语。
直接引语转换成间接引语时,that可以省略。
直接引语与间接引语的转换要注意人称、时态、指示代词和时间状语等方面的变化。
Sallysaid:
“Ienjoymyselfverymuch.”
Sallysaidsheenjoyedherselfverymuch.
(人称)
Kellysaid:
“Hewillcometomorrow.”
Kellysaidhewouldcomethenextday.
(时态)
Isaid:
“Thisisverygood.”
Isaidthatwasverygood.
(指示代词)
Sistersaid:
“Iwillgotoclimbthehilltomorrow.”
Sistersaidshewouldgotoclimbthehillthenextday.
(时间状语)
除此之外,还有两种情况值得注意:
一,如果直接引语是否定句是,间接引语要用told/askedsbnottodosth这种形式,如:
Teachersaid“Don’topenthewindow,Tom.”
TeacheraskedTomnottoopenthewindow.
二,表示客观事实的句子不用改,如:
Teachersaid:
“Theearthturnaroundthesun.”
Teachersaidtheearthturnaroundthesun.
三、同义转换
同义转换,其实就是同义词或句式替换成同一意思。
同义转换是靠平时的积累,如要记熟下列的同义词和同义句式替换:
1、同义词或词组替换:
1)as…assbcan=tryone’sbest,如:
Tryyourbesttodothiswork..
Dothisworkaswellasyoucan.
2)agreatdeal=alot,如:
Youmusteatalot.
Youmusteatagreatdeal.
3)bemadeoutof=bemadefrom(看不出原材料)或bemadeof(可以看出原材料),如:
Paperismadefromwood.
Paperismadeoutofwood.(paper是看不出原材料的)
Thedeskismadeofwood.
Thedeskismadeoutofwood.(wood可以看出原材料)
4)wouldliketo=wouldrather,如:
Iwouldliketogotoschool.
Iwouldrathergotoschool.
5)perhaps=maybe,如:
Perhapstheweatherwillgetworsetomorrow.
Maybetheweatherwillgetworsetomorrow.
6)nolonger=not…anylonger,如:
Inolongerloveyou.
Idon’tloveyouanylonger.
7)so…that…=not…enoughto=too…to,如:
Thepandaissofatthatitcan’tgothroughthehole.
Thepandaistoofattogothroughthehole.
Thepandaisnnotthinenoughtogothroughthehole.
2、同义句式替换:
1)intheend=atlast=finally,如:
Intheend,Iboughtthatbook..
Atlast,Iboughtthatbook..
Finally,Iboughtthatbook.
2)besenttoprison=beputintoprison,如:
Therobberwassenttoprisonatlast.
Therobberwasputintoprison.
3)whenIwasachild=whenIwasyoung=asachild,如:
WhenIwasachild,Ilikedsportsverymuch..
WhenIwasyoung,Ilikedsportsverymuch.
Asachild,Ilikedsportsverymuch.
4)attheageof8=whenIwas8,如:
Attheageof8,Istarttoplayedthepiano.
WhenIwas8,Istarttoplayedthepiano.
5)数词+more+(名词)=another+数词+(名词),如:
Iwrote22morebooks.
Iwroteanother22books.
onsth
6)spend+时间/金钱+
和Ittakes/tooksb+时间+todosth,cost,payfor
doingsth
替换,如:
Ittookmetwoyeartobuildthehotel.
Ispenttwoyearonthehotel.
Ipaidtwoyuanforabook.
Thebookcostmetwoyuan.
四、反意疑问句
反意疑问句,是在陈述句之后附上的一个简单问句,其基本型式是:
陈述句(肯定)+简短问句(否定)
陈述句(否定)+简单问句(肯定)
简单地讲,就是句子前面肯定,后面否定;
前面否定,后面肯定。
而且,简单句句中的主语要用代词,如:
MarycomesfromAmerica,doesn’tshe?
Yourfatherdidn’twatchTVatnight,didhe?
使用反意疑问句时,要注意下面几点:
1、陈述句部分的主语是everybody,everyone,somebody,someone,noone,nobody等不定代词时,简略问句部分主语用they或he,如:
Noonewentaway,didn’tthey?
Someonedidn”tpasstheexam,didhe?
2、陈述句部分主语是everything,something,nothing等不定代词时,简略问句部分用it,如:
Everythinggoeswell,doesn’tit?
3、当陈述句部分主语是指示代词this,that时,简略问句主语用it;
当陈述句部分的主语是指示代词these,those时,简略问句部分主语用they,如:
Thatisoninesentingfilm,isn’tit?
Theseareyourbooks,aren’tthey?
4、当陈述句部分含有therebe句型时,简略问句部分仍用there,如:
Therewasaheavyrainlastnight,wasn’tthere?
5、当前面部分是祈使句时,简略问句部分用willyou或won’tyou;
如果祈使句是否定式,则用willyou,如:
Pleasebringmesomewater,willyou/won’tyou?
Don’topenthewindow,willyou?
Let引起的祈使句,有两种情况:
表示省略形式let’s,反意疑问句用shallwe;
如果是letus形式,则用willyou,如:
Let’sgoswimming,shallwe?
Letusdoitbyoerselves,willyou?
6、陈述句部分含有Iam时,由amnot没有缩写型式,所以简略问句用aren’tI;
陈述句部分如果是否定的,则用amI;
I’mlatetoday,aren’tI?
I’mnotlatetoday,amI?
7、陈述句部分的谓语含有haveto时,简略问句部分通常用do的适当型式,如:
Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrowmorning,don’twe?
Hehastolookafterhismotherathome,doesn’the?
8、当have作“有”解时,可以用两种型式,如:
Hehasn’tanysisters,hashe/doeshe?
当have表示其他含义(经过,遭受,得到,吃,开会,上课……)时,简略问句要用do的适当型式,如:
Youhadagoodtime,didn’tyou?
Hehadmilkandbreadforbreakfast,didn’the?
9、陈述句部分出现never,seldom,hardly,few,little,nobody,nothing等含有否定意义的词时,简略问句部分用肯定式,如:
Shemadefewmistakesintheexam,didshe?
Youhavenothingelsetosay,haveyou?
10、
陈述句部分含有宾语从句时,简略问句中部分的动词和主语代词通常与主句中的动词和主语保持一致,如:
Hesaidtheywouldcomethenextday,didn’the?
但当陈述句部分的动词是think,believe,suppose(设想),expect(期望),且主语是I,We,时,简略问句中的动词和主语代词应该与宾语从句的动词和主语保持一致,且要注意其肯定或否定式,如:
Idon’tthinkhecanfinishtheworkontime,canhe?
Idon’tbelievesheknowsit,doesn’tshe?
11、现在完成时的反意疑问句:
句式有:
1)主语+have+动词过去分词+其它,haven’t+主语?
2)主语+
haven’t
+动词过去分词+其它,have
+主语?
3)主语+has+动词过去分词+其它,hasn’t+主语?
4)主语+
hasn’t
+动词过去分词+其它,has
①
You
have
been
to
Shanghai
before,
you?
②
③
Jack
has
done
his
homework,
he?
④
Jack
五、感叹句
感叹句是表达强烈情感的句子。
在感叹句的开头,常用“what”或“how”这两个单词。
What称为感叹型容词,用于名词前面;
How称为感叹副词,用于型容词或副词前面。
1)
What
(1)What+a/an+(adj)+可数名词(单、复)+主语+谓语,如:
Heissuchacleverboy.
Whatacleverboyheis!
Youaresuchhappychildren.
Whathappychildrenyouare!
(2)What+(adj)+不可数名词+主语+谓语,如:
Itiscoldwater.
Whatcoldwateritis!
Itisgoodnews.
Whatgoodnewsitis!
2)
How
(1)How+adj+主语+谓语,如:
Thesightwassosad.
Howsadthesightwas!
Theboyissoclever.
Howclevertheboyis!
(2)How+adv+主语+谓语,如:
Shesangsobeautiful.
Howbeautifulshesang!
Herunssofast.
Howfastheruns!
(3)How+主语+谓语,如:
Timeflies.
Howtimeflies!
六、改为被动语态
被动语态是初三这一年才有的句型,所以特别重要,也要好好地重视。
被动语态,分3种:
陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句。
陈述句,就是把问句中的主语、谓语、宾语改为宾语、谓语、主语。
如下图:
主动语态
主语
+
谓语
宾语
被动语态
宾语(by+sb)
Theytookgoodcareoftheoldpeople.
Theoldpeopleweretakengoodcareof.
一般疑问句,可以先把句子改为陈述句,再按照改陈述句的被动语态的方法去改,再把它改为一般疑问句。
Doyoucleanyourteetheveryday?
Areyourteethcleanedeveryday?
特殊疑问句,可以把句子改为陈述句,再按照改陈述句的被动语态的方法去改,再把它改为特殊疑问句。
Whoinventedthecomputer?
Whowasthecomputerinventedby?
改被动语态有些地方值得注意:
1)含有情态动词的被动语态:
肯定句:
主语+情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词+…如:
Itcanbereturnednextweek.
否定句:
主语+情态动词+not+be+及物动词的过去分词+…如:
Theworkcan’tbedonecarelessly.
疑问句:
情态动词+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+…如:
Musttheroombecleanedatonce?
2)含有现在完成时的被动语态:
主语+have/has+been+及物动词的过去分词+…如:
MrSmith,theworkhasbeenfinished.
主语+have/has+not+been+及物动词的过去分词+…如:
Thebikehasn’tbeenrepaired.
Have/Has+主语+been+及物动词的过去分词+…如:
Hastheletterbeenposted?
3)含有过去完成时的被动语态:
主语+had+been+及物动词的过去分词+…如:
Myhomeworkhadbeenfinishedbyaboutteno’clocklastnight.
主语+had+not+been+及物动词的过去分词+…如:
Theclassroomhadn’tbeencleanedbythetimewearrivedthere.
Had+主语+been+及物动词的过去分词+…如:
Hadthesupperbeencookedbyyourmotherwhenyougothome?
我所总结的,就是以上的六种句型。
我觉得句型转换是十分容易的,想学好这一板块的同学可以参照我的学习方法:
分三步——看、练、总。
看,就是多去看看不同的句型转换题型,以及所做过的题目,如果有做错的,就多看几遍,再次弄懂它;
练,就是多去练习做句型转换的题目,熟悉各种题型考察的方法,利于在会考的时候容易作答;
总,就是复习的时候,总结一下自己曾经做错的题目。
问问自己当时为什么会做错了,现在会做了没?
然后再次掌握方法,再去尝试。
做到以上的三步,相信同学们是可以做好句型转换的。