北京四中届高三第一次模拟考试一模仿真卷A卷学生版Word格式文档下载.docx
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4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)(略)
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题:
每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Infairytales,it'
susuallytheprincessthatneedsprotecting.AtGoogleinSiliconValley,theprincessistheonedefendingthecastle.ParisaTabrizisa31-year-oldwithperhapsthemostuniquejobtitleinengineering-“GoogleSecurityPrincess”.Herjobistohackintothemostpopularwebbrowser(浏览器)ontheplanet,tryingtofindweaknessesinthesystembeforethe“blackhats”do.TodefeatGoogle'
sattackers,Tabrizmustfirstlythinklikethem.
Tabriz'
srolehasevolveddramaticallyintheeightyearssinceshefirststartedworkingatGoogle.Backthen,theyounggraduatefromIllinoisUniversitywasoneof50securityengineers---todaythereareover500.
Cybercrime(网络犯罪)hascomealongwayinthepastdecade-fromtheNigerianPrinceScamtocreditcardtheft.Tabriz'
sbiggestconcernnowisthepeoplewhofindbugsinGoogle'
ssoftware,andselltheinformationtogovernmentsorcriminals.Tofightagainstthis,thecompanyhassetupaVulnerabilityRewardsProgram,payinganywherefrom$100to$20,000forreportedmistakes.
It'
saworldawayfromTabriz'
scomputer-freechildhoodhomeinChicago.ThedaughterofanIranian-Americandoctorfather,andPolish-Americannursemother,Tabrizhadlittlecontactwithcomputersuntilshestartedstudyingengineeringatcollege.Gazeacrossaline-upofGooglesecuritystafftodayandyou'
llfindwomenlikeTabrizarefewandfarbetween(稀少的)---thoughinthelastfewyearsshehashiredmorefemaletechgeniuses.Sheadmitsthere'
sanobviousgenderdisequilibriuminSiliconValley.
Funnilyenough,duringtrainingsessionsTabrizfirstasksnewcolleaguestohackintonotacomputer,butavendingmachine.Tabriz'
sjobisasmuchabouttechnologicalknow-how(专门知识)asunderstandingthepsychologyofattackers.
21.WhatcanwelearnaboutTabrizfromthepassage?
A.ShewasthefirstfemaleengineeratGoogle.
B.Shemustthinkdifferentlysoastodefeattheattackers.
C.Herjobrelatestonotonlytechnologybutalsopsychology.
D.Herfrequentcontactwithcomputersinchildhoodbenefitsheralot.
22.WhyhasGooglesetupaVulnerabilityRewardsProgram?
A.ToprotectGoogleagainstcybercrime.
B.TomonitorthenormaloperationofGoogle.
C.Tohelpthegovernmentlocatethecybercriminals.
D.Toraisepeople'
sawarenessofpersonalinformationsafety.
23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disequilibrium”inParagraph4referto?
A.Imbalance.B.Preference.C.Difference.D.Discrimination.
24.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?
A.Whatleadstocybercrime
B.The“SecurityPrincess”whoguardsGoogle
C.MeasurestakenbyGoogletoprotectitsusers
D.Howtobecomeanexcellentsecurityengineer
B
TheEnglishhaveadifficultand,generallyspeaking,dysfunctional(怪异的)relationshipwithclothes.Theirmainproblemisthattheyhaveadesperateneedforrules,andareunabletogetalongwithoutthem.Thishelpstoexplainwhytheyhaveaninternationalreputationfordressingingeneralverybadly,butwithspecificareasofexcellence,suchashigh-classmen’ssuits,ceremonialcostumes,andinnovative(革新的)streetfashion.Inotherwords,weEnglishdressbestwhenweare“inuniform”.
YoumaybesurprisedthatIamincluding“innovativestreetfashion”inthecategoryoftheuniform.Surelytheparrot-hairedpunks(朋克摇滚乐迷)ortheVictorianvampiregothsarebeingoriginal,notfollowingrules?
It’struethattheyalllookdifferentandeccentric(古怪的)butinfacttheyalllookeccentricexactlyinthesameway.Theyarewearingauniform.TheonlytrulyeccentricdresserinthiscountryistheQueen,whopaysnoattentiontofashionandcontinuestowearwhatshelikes,akindof1950sfashion,withnoregardforanyoneelse’sopinion.However,itistruethatthestylesinventedbyyoungEnglishpeoplearemuchmoreeccentricthananyothernation’sstreetfashion.Wemaynotbeindividuallyeccentric,apartfromtheQueen,butwehaveasortofcollectiveeccentricity,and\yeappreciateoriginalityindressevenifwedonotindividuallyhaveit.
Another“rule”ofbehaviorIhaddiscoveredwasthatitisveryimportantfortheEnglishnottotakethemselvestooseriously,tobeabletolaughatthemselves.However,itiswellknownthatmostteenagerstendtotakethemselvesabittooseriously.
Thegoths,intheirscaryblackcostumes,certainlylookasiftheyaretakingthemselvesseriously.ButwhenIgotintoconversationwiththem,Idiscoveredthattheytoohadasenseofhumor.Iwasoncechattingtoagothinthefullvampirecostume—withawhiteface,deeppurplelipstick,andblackparrot-hair.IsawhewasalsowearingaT-shirtwith“Goth”.“Whyareyouwearingthat?
”Iasked.“Incaseyoudon’trealizeI’magoth.”heanswered,pretendingtobeserious.Webothburstoutlaughing.
25.WhatcanweknowabouttheEnglishpeople?
A.Theyneedrulestodresswell.B.Theyareinneedofuniforms.
C.Theyarecreativeingeneral.D.Theyleadtheworldtrend.
26.Whoisindividuallyeccentricindressing?
A.Ahigh-classman.B.Aparrot-hairedpunk.
C.TheQueen.D.Thefashioninnovator.
27.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethegoths?
A.Theydressbadly.
B.Theydressinanamusingway.
C.Theyareunabletolaughatthewaytheydress.
D.TheyarelessfashionablethantheotherEnglishpeople.
28.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?
A.HowtheEnglishDress
B.HowtheEnglishAdmireFashion
C.WhytheEnglishLikeUniforms
D.WhytheEnglishAreEccentricinDress
C
Notlongago,peoplethoughtbabieswerenotabletolearnthingsuntiltheywerefiveorsixmonthsold.YetdoctorsintheUnitedStatessaybabiesbeginlearningontheirfirstdayoflife.Scientistsnotethatbabiesarestronglyinfluencedbytheirenvironment.Theysayababywillsmileifhermotherdoessomethingthebabylikes.Ababylearnstogetthebestcarepossiblebysmilingtopleasehermotherorothercaregivers.Thisishowbabieslearntoconnectandcommunicatewithotherhumanbeings.Onestudyshowsthatbabiescanlearnbeforetheyareborn.Theresearchersplacedataperecorderonthestomachofapregnantwoman.Then,theyplayedarecordingofashortstory.Onthedaythebabywasborn,theresearchersattemptedtofindifheknewthesoundsofthestoryrepeatedwhileinhismother.Theydidthisbyplacingadeviceinthemouthofthenewbornbaby.
Thebabywouldhearthestoryifhemovedhismouthoneway.Ifthebabymovedhismouththeotherway,hewouldhearadifferentstory.Theresearcherssaythebabyclearlylikedthestoryheheardbeforehewasborn.Theysaythebabywouldmovehismouthsohecouldhearthestoryagainandagain.
Anotherstudyshowshowmotherscanstronglyinfluencesocialdevelopmentandlanguageskillsintheirchildren.Researchersstudiedthechildrenfromtheageofonemonthtothreeyears.Theresearchersattemptedtomeasurethesensitivityofthemothers.Thewomenwereconsideredsensitiveiftheysupportedtheirchildren’sactivitiesanddidnotinterfere(干预)unnecessarily.Theytestedthechildrenforthinkingandlanguagedevelopmentwhentheywerethreeyearsold.Also,theresearchersobservedthewomenforsignsofdepression.Thechildrenofdepressedwomendidnotdoaswellintestsasthechildrenofwomenwhodidnotsufferfromdepression.Thechildrenofdepressedwomendidpoorlyintestsoflanguageskillsandunderstandingwhattheyhear.
Thesechildrenalsowerelesscooperativeandhadmoreproblemsdealingwithotherpeople.Theresearchersnotedthatthesensitivityofthemotherswasimportanttotheintelligencedevelopmentoftheirchildren.Childrendidbetterwhentheirmotherswerecaring,evenwhentheysufferedfromdepression.
29.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTthefactorthatinfluencesintelligencedevelopmentinbabies?
A.Theenvironment.B.Theirpeers
C.Mother’ssensitivityD.Educationbeforebirth
30.Whatisthepurposeoftheexperimentinwhichnewbornbabiesheardthestories?
A.Toprovethatbabiescanlearnonthefirstdaytheyareborn
B.Toshowmotherscanstronglyinfluenceintelligencedevelopmentintheirbabies
C.Toindicateearlyeducationhasadeepeffectonthebabies’languageskills
D.Toprovethatbabiescanlearnbeforetheyareborn
31.Whichgroupofchildrendidtheworstintestsoflanguageskills?
A.Thechildrenofwomenwhodidnotsufferfromdepression
B.Thechildrenofdepressedbutcaringmothers
C.Thechildrenofdepressedmotherswhocaredlittlefortheirchildren
D.Childrenwithhighcommunicationabilities
32.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Scientificfindingsabouthowintelligencedevelopsinbabies
B.Scientificfindingsabouthowbabiesdevelopbeforebirth
C.Scientificfindingsabouthowtimehasaneffectonbabies’intelligence
D.Astudyshowsbabiesarenotabletolearnthingsuntiltheyarefiveorsixmonthsold
D
OversevenmonthshavepassedsincePanamanianofficialslaunchedanexpansionoftheworldfamousPanamaCanal.Officialsagreedtotheexpansionsothatmanyoftheworld’slargestcargoships(货船)couldeasilypassthroughthecanal.Yetthe$5.25-billionprojecthasproblems.Itsaysshipsstillcontinuetorubagainstthecanal’swallsandwearoutitsdefensesdesignedtoprotectbothshippingandthewaterway.
Adangeroussystem
Thecanallinkstwoocea