学士学位论文cetranslationoftourismtextundertheguidanceoffunctionaltranslationtheoryWord格式.docx

学士学位论文cetranslationoftourismtextundertheguidanceoffunctionaltranslationtheoryWord格式.docx

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英语

姓名：

袁婵媛

学号：

141211124

指导老师：

董召锋

完成时间：

2013年6月10日

C-ETRANSLATIONOFTOURISMTEXTUNDERTHEGUIDANCEOFFUNCTIONALTRANSLATIONTHEORY

By

YuanChanyuan

AThesis

SubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsfortheDegreeofBachelorofArts

inEnglish

UndertheSupervisionofProfessorDongZhaofeng

HenanUniversityofUrbanConstruction

JUNE2013

摘要

出现在20世纪70年代德国功能翻译理论从传统角度上对语言格式的翻译有了重大突破，并把翻译解释为有意行为。

作为一个重大突破及对传统翻译理论的补充，德国功能翻译理论在翻译理论领域提供了一个全新的研究视角。

随着2008年北京奥运会和2010年上海世博会的成功举办，越来越多的外国朋友想要了解中国。

然而，旅游作为一个他国学习和了解中国的重要窗口，在中英文翻译的过程中还依然存在着一些问题。

这对中国的国际形象带来了严重且负面的影响，甚至会误导外国友人对中国的误解。

此篇论文旨在说明旅游文本翻译的重要性及技巧策略。

它不仅为旅游文本翻译提供了理论参考，还丰富了功能翻译理论的实践应用。

另外，它也让语言研究者从新的角度进行翻译的研究。

关键词：

德国功能翻译理论;

旅游文本;

翻译策略

Abstract

Emergingin1970s’,theGermanFunctionalTranslationTheoryhasmadeabreakthroughinthetraditionalperspectiveoftheequivalenceoflinguisticformsanddefinedtranslationasadeliberatebehavior.Asagreatbreakthroughandsupplementtothetraditionalequivalencetheory,ithasofferedanewperspectivefortheresearchontranslationtheory.

WiththesuccessfulstagingofBeijingOlympicsandtheOpeningof2010worldExpositioninShanghai,moreandmoreforeignfriendswanttoknowChina.However,asanimportantwindowwhichothercountriescanlearnaboutChinathroughthetourismtexts,therearestillmoremistakesontheC-Etranslationofthem.ThismayharmtheinternationalimageofChina,evenleadtoamisunderstandingaboutChinafromforeigners.Thisthesispointsouttheimportanceoftranslationoftourismtexts.Itcannotonlyprovideatheoreticalreferenceforthetranslationoftourismtexts,butalsoenrichthepracticalapplicationofFunctionalTranslationTheory,besidesitalsoprovidesanewperspectiveforlinguisticresearchesintranslationpractice.

Keywords:

FunctionalTranslationTheory;

TourismText;

TranslationPrinciplesandSkills

Contents

1.Introduction1

2.TranslationofTourismTextundertheGuidanceofFunctionalTranslationTheory3

2.1AnOverviewofFunctionalTranslationTheory3

2.1.1Definition3

2.1.2ReissandHerTextTypology3

2.1.3VermeerandSkoposTheory3

2.1.4NordandHerLoyaltyRule4

2.1.5ThePossibilitiesoftheFunctionalistApproachinTourismTextTranslation5

2.2ABriefIntroductionofTouristText5

2.2.1TheClassificationofTouristTest5

2.2.2TheCharacteristicsofTouristText5

2.2.3TheFunction6

3.TranslationStrategiesundertheFunctionalistApproach7

3.1Equivalence7

3.2Addition8

3.3Omission10

3.4Paraphrase11

4.Conclusion13

WorksCited14

Acknowledgments15

1.Introduction

Sincethereformandopeningup,China’stourismdevelopmenthasbeenaqualitativeleap;

thedatapredictthatby2015,Chinawillbecomethelargestinboundhostcountryandtheworld’sfourthlargestoutboundtouristcountry.Therapiddevelopmentoftourismhasbroughtopportunitiesandchallenges.Inordertobetterovercometheculturaldifferencesandpassaccuratelyandeffectivelytothereaderthetravelinformationandculturalinformation,thisarticletriestoanalyzetheC-EtranslationstrategyoftourismtextfromtheperspectiveofFunctionalTranslation,sothatforeigntouristscantrulyunderstandabroadandprofoundChineseculture,andcreateatourismbrandwithChinesecharacteristicstoattractmoretouristsandpromotethefurtherdevelopmentofChina’stourismindustry.

Withtherapiddevelopmentoftourismindustryandcommunicationsbetweenpeopleofdifferentcountries,touristmaterialshavebecomeanessentialmeansofthepublicityofcountries.InhisbookBrandleadershipatstate:

sellingFrancetoBritishTourists（Sumberg,2004:

329-353）,CarolynSumbergmentionsthat“Forthefirsttimeinmorethanadecade,FrancehasbeenovertakenbySpainasBritishtouristspreferredholidaydestination.Thetouristbrochureplaysanimportantroleinthepromotionofacountryandassuchhasbecomeakeyfactorinaneconomicactivitythatgeneratessignificantincome.TherehasbeenadeliberateeffortbytheSpanishtouristboard,welldocumentedbytranslationscholars,tomaximizeconsiderationoftheappealoftheirtourismmaterialssofarasdesign,productionandtranslationareconcerned.”

ChenGang（陈刚）whohadbeenworkinginforeignaffairsandtourismofficesforalongtimepublishedhisTourismTranslationandTourGuideInterpretation（《旅游翻译与涉外导游》）.Hepointsoutinhisbookthatthekeyoftourismtranslationispracticewhichrequirestheoreticalguidance.JinHuikang（金惠康）isoneofthemostfamousscholarswhodoesspecialresearchontouristtranslation.HewrotesomanybookssuchasTranslationinInterculturalCommunicationanditssequel.JindiscussesthedifferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishlanguagesandintroducesandanalysesChinesecultureandtranslation,classicliterature,art,religionfolkculturesandhowtotranslationthemintoEnglish.

Thispapermainlyincludesthreeparts:

PartOneisanoverviewoffunctionaltranslationtheory,PartTwoisthecharacteristicsoftouristtextanditsfunction,PartThreeistranslationstrategiesunderthefunctionalistapproach.Inthisarticle,itanalyzesmainlythroughlistingexamplesandspecificillustrationinordertomakeuswellunderstandandputsforwardsomesuggestionstosolvetheC-Etranslationproblems.

2.TranslationofTourismTextundertheGuidanceofFunctionalTranslationTheory

2.1AnOverviewofFunctionalTranslationTheory

2.1.1Definition

WhatisFunctionalTranslationTheory?

ThetheorywasoriginatedinGermanyinthe1970s,thefounderwasthetranslationtheoristK.Reiss,andothermajorrepresentativefiguressuchasVermeerandNord,etc.FunctionalTranslationTheorystressesthattranslationisaspecialsocialform,involvingthreetypesoftexts:

theoriginallanguage,thepatternoftextandthetranslationtext.

2.1.2ReissandHerTextTypology

K.ReissisthefounderoftheFunctionaltranslationtheory.Shefirstlycombinedthelanguagefunctionwithtranslation,anddifferedthetextindifferentfunctions,whichmakesthetranslatormoresensitivetolanguagemarkofCommunicativefunctionsandthecompositionofthefunctionaltranslationunit,atlasthelpingtranslatorhaveaproperformforaequivalentcriteriarightwiththespecifictranslationpurpose.

In1971,inherbookTranslationCriticism:

ThePotentialsandLimitation,Reissdevelopsamodeloftranslationcriticismbasedonthefunctionalrelationshipbetweensourceandtargettext（Nord,1997:

9）.ReissinsiststhattheidealtranslationshouldbeequivalentbetweentheTL（targetlanguage）andSL（sourcelanguage）textwiththeconceptualcontent,linguisticform,anditcanservetorealizethecommunicativefunctionasSLtext.Justlikemanytraditionaltheorists,sheobviouslystilltakesequivalenceasthebasis.HansJ.VermeerdevelopedtheSkoposTheory,andamoresystematicandintegratedfunctionalistapproachcameintobeing.

2.1.3VermeerandSkoposTheory

ReissisapioneerofFunctionalisttheory,butHansJ.VermeermakesthemostimportanttheoryoftheFunctionaltranslationtheory:

SkoposTheory.Sincelinguisticsalonecannotsolveallthetranslationproblems,HansJ.Vermeerconsiderstranslationasatypeofhumanaction,anintentional,purposefulbehaviorthattakesplaceinagivensituation;

itisapartofthesituationatthesametimeasitmodifiesthesituation.Accordingly,hedevelopedtheSkopostheory:

“Anyformoftranslationalaction,includingthereforetranslationitself,maybeconceivedasanaction,asthenameimplies.Anyactionhasanaim,apurpose.ThewordSkopos,then,isatechnicaltermfortheaimorpurposeofatranslation.Further:

Anactionleadstoaresult,anewsituationorevent,andpossiblya‘new’object.”（Vermeer,1989:

173）

Inthetheory,thereceiver,whoistheintendedreceiveroftheTT,becomesoneoftheprimaryfactorsthatdeterminesthepurposeoftranslation.AsasharpcontrasttoReiss’sbeliefthattheSTisameasureofallthingsintranslation,theSTinVermeer’sSkopostheoryisonlyan“offerofinformation”whichmaybepartiallyorwhollytransferredtothetargetaudience.（Vermeer,1982:

12）

2.1.4NordandHerLoyaltyRule

ChristianNordintroducesthe“loyaltyrule”intofunctionalisminherefforttodefendthefunctionalistapproachagainstpotentialaccusations.“Function”herereferstothefactorsthatmakeaTTworkintheintendedwayinthetargetsituation,and“loyalty”referstotheinterpersonalrelationshipbetweenthetranslator,thesource-textsender,thetarget-textaddressesandtheinitiator（Nord,1997:

126）.Byintroducingtheloyaltyprincipleintothegeneralframeworkoffunctionaltranslationtheory,Nordmanagestofindabalanceandanswerthosecriticswhoaccusefunctionalismofbeingradicalbygivingthetranslatortoomuchfreedomtodowhateverhisorherclientswishtodo,becausetheloyaltyprincipletakesaccountofthelegitimateinterestsofthethreepartiesinvolved:

theinitiator,thetargetreceiversandtheoriginalauthor.Ifthereisanyconflictbetweentheinterestsofthethreepartnersofthetranslation,thetranslatorhastomediate,andwherenecessary,toseektheunderstandingofallsides.

2.1.5ThePossibilitiesoftheFunctionalistApproachinTourismTextTranslation

Asakindofpracticalwriting,tourismtextshaveclearpurposesandfunctions,sothefunctionalisttheoryisquitesuitableandcanbeappliedtoit.Inordertorealizethepurposesoftourismtextstr