第三册精读语言点解析文档格式.docx

第三册精读语言点解析文档格式.docx

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•

•e.g.Weliveinthesuburbs.

•Thechildrenhavebeenoutforthedaytosomegreenspotontheoutskirts.

3.beshortof:

havenotenough;

lack;

beinneedof

•beshorton:

bepoorerat,benotsogoodat在…稍差，在…较欠缺

•e.g.Thebookhasgoodinformation,butrathershortonillustration.

•Sheisaniceperson,butshortonlooks.

（^-^）4.Apply

•①apply（v.）

•a）request

•~tosb.forsth.

•e.g.Ifyouwanttogoabroad,youmay~totheConsul（领事）foravisa.

•Hehasappliedtothebankerforaloan.

•Iwill~tothebossforthepositioninperson,notbyletter.

•b）putintouseorintopositiontoserveitspurpose应用

•~sth.tosth.

•e.g.Heappliesastickingplastertothecut.

•Doyou~yourknowledgetothepractice?

•Theteacherwill~theruletoeverystudent.

~oneself/one’senergy/one’smindtosth./doingsth.

•---concentrateone’sthoughtsonatask

•e.g.Wemust~ourselvestoourstudy.

•Paraphrase:

•HeconcentrateshimselfonlearningFrench.

•Ifyoutryyourbesttodothejob,youwillsoonfinishit.

•②applicant（n.）

•③application（n.）

•makean~tosb.forsth.

•e.g.Wemadean~tothecourtforinquiry.

•Themanagerhasreceived20~sfortheposition.

5.degree

•①rankorgradegivenbyauniversitytoonewhohaspassedanexam

•e.g.BachelorofArts/Science（BA/BS）

•MasterofArts/Science（MA/MS）

•DoctorofPhilosophy（PH.D）哲学博士

•DoctorofScience/Medicine/Law

②to/in…degree等级，程度

•e.g..Towhatdegreecanhebetrusted?

•Hecannotbetrustedintheslightestdegree.

6.land

•go,come,putonland;

bringtoland

•e.g.Theplane~edsafely.

•Thepilot~edtheairliner.

bringtoreachaposition

•e.g.He~edhimselfingreatdifficulties.

get（informal）

•e.g.IfImanageto~thejob,Iwillstandyouallafreedrink.

•He~edavaluableprize.

7.chancesof:

（oftenpluralwithsingularmeaning）possibility;

likelihoodthatsth.willhappen

•e.g.Youwouldhavemorechancesofcatchingthetrainifyougotabustothestationinsteadofwalking.

•Note:

chancesofdoingsth.=hopesofdoingsth.

•achanceofdoingsth./todosth.=theopportunitytodosth.

8.slim（adj.）

•e.g.~hopes/chancesofsuccess

•a~excuse

•a~girl:

aslendergirl

（^-^）9.summon:

demandthepresenceof;

call

•~sbtosth./~sb.todosth.

•e.g.Themanager~edtheshareholderstoageneralmeeting.

•She~edaservant.

•Theteacher~edmetotheoffice.

•They~edthreewomentoappearaswitness传唤证人

•cf.summons（n.）传票

10.prove（proved,proved/proven）

•----toshow（oneselforitself）afterwards,inthecourseoftimeorexperience,etc.tobeofthequality;

turnouttobe

•e.g.Heproved（himself）tobeacoward.

•Asithappened,myadviceprovedtobewrong.

•Onthelongjourney,heprovedhimselftobeanamusingcompanion.

•Thearticlehasproved（tobe）mostuseful.

•=Thearticleisproved（tobe）mostuseful./Peopleprovedthearticlemostuseful.

•Heprovedarealfriend.

•Itprovedawaste.

•proof

•①proof（n.）

•Ibelievewhatyousay;

Idon’twantanyproof.

•②proof（adj.）

•be~against

•e.g.Thetentmaterialis~againstwater.

•awaterproofcoat/abulletproofcar/asoundproofroom/ashockproofwatch

11.asaresult:

intheend

•e.g.Asaresult,hewasgivenagoodjog.

•Hebrokehisleg,asaresult,hehadtostophisstudies.

asaresultof:

becauseof

•e.g.Asaresultofthewar,othereventsoccurred.

•Heisunabletogotoworkasaresultofthefallfromhishorse.

•Hewaslateasaresultofthesnow.

12.depress

•----tolessenthestrengthof;

tosadden;

discourage使不振作；

使不景气

•e.g.Rainyweatheralways~esme.

•Hersadnews~edmeallday.

•depressed作表语

•e.g.Sinceherbabydied,shehasbeensodepressedthatshecriesattheleastthing.

•Herecalledhislasteveningwithhisfiancé

ewheneverhefeltdepressed.

depressing作定语

•e.g.adepressingweather

•adepressingincidentonmywaytowork

13.survive

•①survive（v.）

•a）vi.---tocontinuetolive,esp.aftercomingclosetodeath

•e.g.Ofthosewoundedinthebattle,only3~d.

•Heistheonlymanwho~daftertheexplosion.

b）vt.---tocontinuetoliveafter经过…活下来，幸存

•e.g.Onlyafewsoldiers~dthebattle.

•Onlytenofthecrew~dtheshipwreck.

•Didanyone~theearthquake?

•vt.---livelongerthan

•e.g.Theman~dhissisterby3years.

•Insurancestatisticsshowthatmostwives~theirhusbands.

•②survival（n.）

•a）[u]---surviving

•e.g.The~ofevenafewmadepeoplegratefultoGod.

•His~isstilluncertain;

hehasbeenverybadlyhurtandmaydie.

•b）[c]---apersonorsth.thatremainsorsurvives

•e.g.Theoldmanisa~frommygreat-grandmother’sdays.

•③survivor（n.）（ofaccidents）

•e.g.Therewere2~softheaircrash.

•Thismanwasoneofthe~sfromtheearthquake.

14.moustache:

ontheupperlip

•cf.beard:

hairoflowerpartoftheface（excludingmoustache）

•15.afreckledforehead=aforeheadwithfreckleson

•freckle（v./n.）

•e.g.Somepeoplefrecklemoreeasilythanothers.

•16.lookatsb.withanairof…/dosth.withanairof…

•air:

appearance;

manner

•e.g.Hespeakswithanairofimportance/success/surprise/sadness/excitement.

•17.todoone’sshoelaces=fastenone’sshoelaces

•一级上将----GeneralFirstClass

上将--------General中将--------LieutenantGeneral

少将--------MajorGeneral大校--------SeniorColonel

上校--------Colonel中校--------LieutenantColonel少校--------Major

上尉--------Captain中尉--------FirstLieutenant少尉--------SecondLieutenant

上士--------Sergeant,FirstClass中士--------Sergeant下士--------Corporal

上等兵------Private,FirstClass列兵--------Private

18.smell（smelled/smelt）

•①vt.e.g.Shesmelledthemeattoseeifitwasfresh.

•②vi.e.g.Wesmellwithournose.

•③linkv.e.g.Thedishsmellsgood

vi.~of…有…的味道

•e.g.Yourbreathsmellsofbrand.

•Theairsmelledofpaint.

19.go:

tobecome（byanaturalchange,orbychangingonpurpose）

•（自然的或故意的）变成，使变成

•e.g.Sheisgoinggrey./Herhairisgoinggrey.

•Themilkwentsour.

•Hehasgonemad/blind.

•Hewentwhitewithanger.

（^-^）20.proceed

•①proceed（vi.）:

goforwardto前进

•~tosth.

•e.g.Please~tothenextlight,andthenturnleft.

•Let’s~tobusiness.着手工作

•Don’tstop!

Proceedplease.

•~todosth.=beginandcontinuetodosth.

•e.g.He~edtotellmethematter.

•Afterdrinkingacupoftea,mother~edtocookthedinner.

•Assoonashecamein,he~edtotellusallhistroubles.

•~with=goonwith

•e.g.Let’s~withourwork

•Thepoliticianwaitedfortheapplausetodiedownand~edwithhisspeech.

•~from=resultfrom

•e.g.Thewholetrouble~edfromamisunderstanding.

•~against=chargeagainst控告

②proceeding（n.）活动，进行情况

•e.g.Hewroteanaccountofthe~softhemeeting.

22.vital（adj.）

•①connectedwithliving

•Hewaswoundedinavitalpart.

•②supreme,veryimportant

23.Mumble（v.）

•~（aboutsth）;

~sth（tosb）speakorsaysthunclearlyandusuquietly,sothatpeoplecannothearwhatissaid含糊地说某事;

叽咕;

咕哝:

•Healwaysmumbleswhenhe'

sembarrassed.他感到难为情时说话就含糊不清了.

•*Whatareyoumumblingabout?

Ican'

tunderstandaword!

你叽里咕噜说什麽呀?

我一句也听不懂!

*

•HemumbledsomethingtomewhichIdidn'

tquitecatch.他对我叽咕了几句话,可我没太听清楚.*

•Shemumbledthatshedidn'

twanttogetupyet.她咕哝着说还不想起床.

•Compared:

grunt（Line17）:

（ofanimals,esppigs）makealowroughsoundfromdeepinthethroat（指动物,尤指猪）作哼哼声

•（^-^）23.attach

•①attach（v.）

•a）fastenorjoinonethingtoanother

•~sth.to

•e.g.Iwill~alabeltomyluggage.

•He~edadocumenttotheletter.

•Thereisahousewithagarage~ed.

•Thereisamiddleschool~edtoouruniversity.

•b）considertohave;

connectwith

•~importance/significanceto

•e.g.Doyou~muchimportancetowhathesaid?

•Theoldmandidnot~muchimportancetothequestion.

•They~edsignificancetohisspeech.

•be/becomeattachedto变得喜欢,依恋,对…有感情

•e.g.Sheis~edtoherhome.

•Areyou~edtothisuniversity?

•②attachment（n.）

•a）connection

•e.g.The~ofamachineiseasy.

•b）partattached附件

•e.g.Amachinehasmany~s.

•c）attachedfeeling

•e.g.Shehasagreat~tohersister.

•Doyouhaveagreat~toyourmother?

24.singular

•①singular（adj.）

•a）uncommon,strange

•e.g.Don’tmakeyourselfso~inyourdress.不要穿奇装异服

•b）outstanding非凡的

•e.g.Heisamanof~courage.

•c）（gram.）oftheformusedinspeakingorwritingofonepersonorthing.

②singularly（adv.）

•a）particularly极

•b）strangely;

inanunusualway奇异地

③singularity（n.）

•a）strangene