北师大版版高三英语一轮复习基础知识解读 Unit 24 Society教师用书文档格式.docx
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4.abundantadj.大量的
→abundancen.大量
5.signv.签名
n.招牌;
迹象
→signaturen.签名
6.adjustv.调整,调节
→adjustmentn.调整,调节
7.electvt.选举,推选
→electionn.选举;
当选;
选择权
8.mercyn.仁慈,宽大的
→mercifuladj.仁慈的,宽大的
9.rotvt.&
vi.腐烂;
腐朽
n.腐败
→rottenadj.腐烂的
10.thirstn.口渴
→thirstyadj.口渴的
11.containv.包装;
容纳
→containern.容器
12.consequencen.结果,后果
→consequentlyadv.所以,因此
Ⅲ.语境应用(用所给词的适当形式填空)
1.Detailsoftheelection(elect)willbepostedoutsidethetownhall.
2.Thesetwosignatures(sign)areverysimilar;
canyoutellthemapart?
3.Shewentthroughaperiodofemotionaladjustment(adjust)afterhermarriagebrokeup.
4.Shewasabrightandeagerstudentand,consequently(consequent),didwellinschool.
5.Theyaskedhertobemerciful(mercy)totheprisonersfortheyalsohavehumanright.
6.Thewoodwassorotten(rot)thatyoucouldputyourfingerthroughit.
7.Thelakeattractsanabundance(abundant)ofwildlifetospendwinterthere.
8.Ifyouarewillingtodovoluntarywork,youcanbeavolunteer.(volunteer)
9.Pleasegivemeacontainer.Iwanttouseittocontainsomewater.(contain)
10.Sheusedtoeditnewspapers,andnowsheistheeditorofadictionarywhichisnowinitssixthedition.(edit)
[拓展联想]
由“shrink”想到的动词
①extend延伸;
伸出
②increase增加
③enlarge扩大;
放大
④expand扩大;
膨胀
⑤decrease减少
⑥reduce减少
“再者”过渡词集锦
①moreover再者,此外
②furthermore此外,而且
③besides况且,再说
④inaddition此外
⑤what'
smore更有甚者
“virtue”相关词汇小结
①optimism乐观
②modesty谦虚
③bravery勇敢,勇气
④justice正义
⑤diligence勤勉
⑥generosity慷慨
[短语 多维应用]
Ⅰ.短语回顾——会默写
1.comeintobeing形成,存在
2.windsb.up故意惹恼某人
3.showoff炫耀,夸耀
4.knockintosb.撞上某人;
偶然遇到
5.breakinto闯入;
突然开始(笑、唱等)
6.onprinciple原则上
7.sentencesb.todeath判某人死刑
8.bewell/betteroff过得好/过得更好
9.take...seriously认真对待……
10.aboveall最重要的是;
首先
11.doawaywith废除;
摆脱,消灭
12.tostartwith首先
13.playanimportantrolein...在……中起重要作用
14.contributeto促进,有助于
15.take...intoaccount考虑;
注意;
体谅
16.keepaneyeon注意,留意
Ⅱ.语境应用(用上述短语的适当形式填空)
1.Otherssayit'
sonlynaturalthatnewcomerslearnthelanguageoftheirhostnation,seeingitasaconditiontoensuretheycancontributetosociety.(2017·
浙江高考)
2.DoyouknowwhentheGreatWallcameintobeing?
3.Hewouldalmostknockintomebeforehesawme.
4.Thesocietytodayofferstheyounggenerationmorechancestoshowofftheirtalentandskills.
5.We'
reamazedattheamazingnewsthathewassentencedtodeath.
6.Hethinksit'
stimewedidawaywithslavery.
7.Wemustkeepaneyeonthestrangerwhoislookingbackandforthallthetime.
8.Ineversmokeinpublicplacesonprinciple.
9.AsthePresident'
scararrived,thecrowdbrokeintoloudapplause.
10.Onemusttaketheaudienceintoaccountwhenmakingspeeches.
11.Childrenshouldlearnaboveallhowtoobservegoodmannersattable.
12.Tostartwith,hewalkedintheparkforawhileeverymorning,andthenamonthlaterhebegantojog.
“on+n.”短语大全
①onprinciple根据原则
②onaverage平均
③onpurpose故意地
④onshow/exhibition在展出
⑤onsale出售
⑥onbusiness出差
聚焦“eye”短语
①keepaneyeon注意,留意
②haveagoodeyefor对……有鉴赏,眼光
③looksb.intheeye直视(正视)某人
④catchone'
seye引起某人注意
[句式 结构仿写]
教材原句——会背诵
句式仿写——能应用
1.wouldrather后跟从句时,从句要用虚拟语气
I'
dratheryoudidn'
tmentionthat.
1.我真希望你那天没有把那个消息告诉他.
dratheryouhadn'
ttoldhimthenewsthatday.
2.whatif是连词词组,意为“要是……怎么办”
Whatifsomemarriedpeoplehaveaffairs?
2.要是林书豪缺席这场篮球赛会怎么样呢?
WhatifJeremyLinisabsentfromthebasketballgame?
3.“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构
Theywerethenabletoplaceguardsattheentrancesofthevarioushutongs,whichmadeiteasiertokeepaneyeonpeople'
smovements.
3.成本不断上涨,生意很难做成.
Risingcostsmadeithardtocarryonbusiness.
4.It'
shightimethatsb.shoulddo/didsth.“到某人做某事的时候了”
Asasociety,it'
shightimethatwetooktheseissuesmoreseriously.
4.到了我们采取措施保护自然资源的时候了.
It'
shightimethatweshouldtake/tookmeasurestopreservethenaturalresources.
(对应学生用书第165页)
精讲5个考纲单词
abundantadj.大量的;
丰富的;
充裕的
[经典例句] Wehaveabundantevidencetoprovehisguilt.(牛津词典)
我们有充分的证据证明他有罪.
(1)beabundantin富有……;
……很丰富
(2)abundancen.丰富
anabundanceof丰富的,许多的
inabundance大量;
富裕
①Birdsareabundantinthetallvegetation.
高大的植被中有着大量的鸟类.
②Ifyoutravelinthesea,youwillseeanabundanceofmarinecreatures.
如果你在海上旅行的话,你会看到很多海洋生物.
③Onequalitytheteampossessedinabundancewasfightingspirit.该队的一大特点是斗志昂扬.
链接写作
【导学号:
33220087】
我的家乡有着丰富的自然资源.
①(普通表达)Myhometownisrichinnaturalresources.
②(高级表达)Myhometownhasanabundanceofnaturalresources.
burdenn.负担,重担
vt.(使)担负(沉重或艰难的任务、职责等)
[高考佳句] Themorefatyoutakeinbeforebedtime,thegreaterburdenyouwillputonyourbodyatnight.(2016·
四川高考·
阅读理解D)睡前你吸收的脂肪越多,晚上你的身体就会有更大的负担.
(1)bear/carry/ease/reduce/shareaburden
承受/担负/减轻/减少/分担重担
aburdenon/tosb.加给某人的重担;
某人的负担
(2)burdensb./oneselfwithsth.
加负担于某人或自己
beburdenedwithsth.负重
①Hisinvalidfatherisgraduallybecomingaburdenon/tohim.他父亲体弱多病,对他来说渐渐成了累赘.
②Idon'
twanttoburdenyouwithmyproblems.
我不想让我的问题给你增加负担.
resignv.辞职;
放弃(权力等);
听从;
顺从,甘心
[教材原句] Hisbossinsistedthatheworklongerhourssoheresigned.他的老板坚持让他工作更长时间,因此他辞掉了工作.
(1)resignationn.辞职;
辞呈
handin/offerone'
sresignation递交辞呈
(2)resignone'
sjob/post/position辞去工作/职务
resignfrom...从……辞职
resignas...辞去……职务
resignoneselftodoing...顺从……;
使自己安于(做)某事
①Youmustresignyourselvestowaitingabitlonger.你们得耐心地多等一小会儿.
②Hisfatherwillhandinhisresignation(resign).
他的父亲将要递交辞呈.
electvt.选举,推选;
选择
[高考佳句] Besides,IhavesuchagoodcommandofEnglishthatIamelectedasassistanttomyEnglishteacher.(2015·
陕西高考·
书面表达)
此外,我如此精通英语以至于被选为英语老师的助理.
electsb.to...选举某人进入……
electsb.(as/tobe)...选举某人为……
electtodosth.选择做某事
①ShebecamethefirstblackwomantobeelectedtotheSenate.她成为第一个被选入参议院的黑人妇女.
②Employeesmayelecttotake(take)theirpensionsinmonthlypaymentsorassinglelumpsum.
雇员可选择按月或一笔一次性领取的退休金.
undertakevt.着手做,从事,承担;
允诺,答应
[教材原句] Conditionsimprovedagreatdealandthegovernmentundertookthepreservationofmanyoftheoldesthutongs.胡同的条件得到了很大的改善,政府对很多早期的胡同进行了修缮和保护.
undertake+n./pron.承担……
undertaketodo...着手做……;
答应做……
undertakethat...答应……
undertakefor...为……负责
①Iwillundertaketofeed(feed)yourdogswhileyouareaway.你不在家时我保证替你喂狗.
②We'
llundertakeforyoursecuritywhileyouarevisitingourcountry.
当你访问我们国家时,我们将保证你的安全.
33220088】
诠释3个核心短语
comeintobeing形成,存在
[教材原句] Iflawssuchasthesecameintobeing,ahugeadjustmentwouldberequiredandtherewouldcertainlybediversereactions.
如果产生了类似这样的法律,那么生活就要做很多调整,反响肯定是各种各样的.
comeintoexistence开始存在,建立,产生
comeintoeffect/force生效
comeintouse开始使用
comeintopower掌权
comeintosight/view看见;
进入视野
comeintofashion开始流行
①Whendidthetermof“newnewpeople”comeintoexistence?
“新新人类”一词是什么时候出现的呢?
②Thenewtaxregulationscameintoeffect/forcelastmonth.新税法是上个月生效的.
③Thenewlyelectedpresidentwillcomeintopowernextmonth.新当选的总统下月开始执政.
showoff炫耀,夸耀;
卖弄;
显示
[教材原句] Nobodyhasanydesiretoshowoffandgoldandsilverhavenovalue—unlikeinoursociety.
没有人有任何欲望去炫耀,而且金和银没有价值——这与我们的社会不同.
(1)show...out领……出去
show...in带或领……进来
showup出席;
到场
showsb.around/round领某人参观
(2)onshow(=ondisplay)在展出
talkshow脱口秀
①Hewentsailinganddidnotshowupforalongtime.
他航行去了,而且很长一段时间没有露面.
②Sheshowedmearound/roundandintroducedmetoeverybody.
她领着我四处参观,将我介绍给每个人.
③Quiteanumberofworldfamouspaintingsareonshowinthisexhibition.
有相当数量的世界名画在本次展览会上展出.
knockintosb.撞上某人
[教材原句] ThereisacaraccidentthereatleastonceaweekandtodayInearlyknockedintosomebodycrossingtheroad!
那里每周至少有一起车祸发生,我今天就差点撞上一个正在过马路的人!
knockdown/over撞倒;
打倒;
拆除
knockat/on敲(门、窗、墙等)
knockout撞出;
敲击
knockoff减价;
中断,停止
①Jimwasknockeddownbyabus,butnotseriouslyhurt.吉姆被公共汽车撞倒了,但伤得不严重.
②Let'
sknockoffworkearlyandgotowatchthefootballgame.
我们早点收工去看足球赛吧.
[名师点津] knockinto表示“撞上”时,相当于runinto;
表示“遇上”时,相当于comeacross,meetwith或meetbychance.
33220089】
在街上走的时候我遇到了一位老朋友.
①IknockedintoanoldfriendwhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.(knock)
②IcameacrossanoldfriendwhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.(come)
③ImetwithanoldfriendwhenIwaswalkinginthestreet.(meet)
突破2个高考句型
(教材P35)I'
我宁愿你没有提到那个.
wouldrather后跟宾语从句,其谓语用虚拟语气.
(1)表示一个现在或将来的愿望,谓语用一般过去时;
表示一个过去的愿望,谓语用过去完成时.
(2)wouldrather+动词原形,意为“宁可……,宁愿……”.
(3)wouldratherdo...thando...宁愿……也不愿……
(4)ratherthan宁可……也不……;
而不是;
与其……倒不如……,用于连接两个并列成分.
(5)prefertodo...ratherthando...宁愿……而不愿……
①I'
我真希望你那天没把那个消息告诉他.
②Idecidedtowriteratherthan(to)telephone.
我决定写信而不是打电话.
③Iprefertostayathomeratherthango(go)therealone.我宁愿待在家里也不愿一个人去那里.
④Iwouldratherbe(be)inprison!
(2016·
浙江高考·
完形填空)我宁愿坐牢!
33220090】
我真的希望我没做那件事情.
①(普通句式)IdohopethatIhaven'
tdonethat.
②(高级句式)IwouldratherIhadn'
(教材P36)Whatifsomemarriedpeoplehaveaffairs?
要是有些已婚人士有婚外情怎么办呢?
Whatif...?
此处意为“要是……怎么办?
”,可看作“Whatshallwe/Idoif...?
”的省略形式.
(1)whatif用于提出假设,其后句子可用陈述语气(一般现在时),也可用虚拟语气(一般过去时或“should+动词原形”).
(2)Whatif...?
还可译为“即使……又有什么关系?
”,此时可看作是“Whatdoesitmatterif...?
(3)Whatif.