北语17春《阅读IV》作业1Word文档下载推荐.docx
《北语17春《阅读IV》作业1Word文档下载推荐.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《北语17春《阅读IV》作业1Word文档下载推荐.docx(12页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
)V1.Let’saddressthequestionofwhetherspeedreadingisevenadesirablegoal.Iamanavidfictionreader.Consciouslyorunconsciously,readersoffictionappreciatethebeautyingoodwriting.OccasionallyIwillreadapassageorsentenceovertobeimpressedbytheopeningsentencesofErnestHemingway’sTheOldManandtheSea,TheDark,andHerman.IfIwasadeterminedspeedreader,Iwouldneverhavethetimetoappreciatethesebeautifulpassages.AndI’dneverhavethetimetosavorthedevelopmentofacharacterlikeRhettButler,theGreatGatsbyorCaptainAhab.Goodwritersmustbereadcarefullyandthoughtfullytobefullyappreciated.Tocarrythequestionoftheneedforrapidreadingabitfurther,let’sconsiderthetechnicaloreducationalmaterialmostofusmustreadforourjobs.Ifyouworkinatechnicalfield—andmostbusinessandprofessionalpeopledo—you’dbetterreadslowlyandcarefully.Almostallbusinessestodayaresubjecttofederalregulationstosomedegree.IfyoumustreadtheFederalRegister,theCodeofFederalRegulations,theOSHAHandbookorothertechnicalmaterialsrelateddirectlytoyourjob,I’durgeyoutotakeyourtime.Amisreadingcouldbecostlyordamagingtoyourfirm.Ontheotherhand,newspapers,newsmagazinesandotherpublicationsshouldbereadwithsomedegreeofspeed.Here’swhereageneralknowledgeofspeedreadingtechniquesmightbeuseful.Especiallysincethatisthemostcommontypeofreadingwedo.Anyonecanimprovetheirreadingefficiently.Todoso,youmustlearnsomebasictechniquesandthenconsciouslyapplythem.Perhapsanexpensivecoursewouldhelpyou,butaninexpensivepaperbackandconcentratedpracticemightprovideasmuchlong-termbenefit.Inanycase,youlosenothingbytryingtheself-helpapproach.Question:
Technicalmaterialsshouldbereadcarefullybecause_________.
A.theyareusuallydifficulttounderstand
B.theyarerelatedtofederalregulations
C.theyareanuncommontypeofreading
D.amisreadingmaydoharmtoyourwork
正确答案:
D
2.Youngpeopleshouldhavetherighttocontrolanddirecttheirownlearning,thatis,todecidewhattheywanttolearn,andwhen,where,how,howmuch,howfast,andwithwhathelptheywanttolearnit.Tobestillmorespecific,Iwantthemtohavetherighttodecideif,when,howmuch,andbywhomtheywanttobetaughtandtherighttodecidewhethertheywanttolearninaschoolandifsowhichoneandforhowmuchofthetime.Nohumanright,excepttherighttolifeitself,ismorefundamentalthanthis.Aperson’sfreedomoflearningispartofhisfreedomofthought,evenmorebasicthanhisfreedomofspeech.Ifwetakefromsomeonehisrighttodecidewhathewillbecuriousabout,wedestroyhisfreedomofthought.Wesay,ineffect,youmustthinknotaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsyou,butaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsus.Thisrightofeachofustocontrolourownlearningisnowindanger.Whenweputintoourlawsthehighlyauthoritariannotionthatsomeoneshouldandcoulddecidewhatallyoungpeopleweretolearnandbeyondthat,coulddowhatevermightseemnecessary(whichnowincludesdosingthemwithdrugs)tocompelthemtolearnit,wetookalongstepdownaverysteepanddangerouspath.Therequirementthatachildgotoschool,foraboutsixhoursaday,180daysayear,forabouttenyears,whetherornothelearnsanythingthere,whetherornothealreadyknowsitorcouldlearnitfasterorbettersomewhereelse,issuchagrossviolationofcivillibertiesthatfewadultswouldstandforit.Butthechildwhoresistsistreatedasacriminal.Withthisrequirementwecreatedanindustry,anarmyofpeoplewhosewholeworkwastotellyoungpeoplewhattheyhadtolearnandtotrytomakethemlearnit.Someofthesepeople,wantingtoexerciseevenmorepoweroverothers,ortobeevenmore"
helpful,"
arenowbeginningtosay,"
Ifcompulsoryeducationisgoodforchildren,whywouldn’titbegoodforeveryone?
Ifitisagoodthing,howcantherebetoomuchofit?
"
Theyarebeginningtotalk,asonemandidonanationwideTVshow,about"
womb-to-tomb"
schooling.Ifhoursofhomeworkeverynightaregoodfortheyoung,whywouldn’ttheybegoodforusall—theywouldkeepusawayfromtheTVsetandotherfrivolouspursuits.Somegroupofexperts,somewhere,wouldbegladtodecidewhatwealloughttoknowandthenverysooftencheckuponustomakesureweknewit—with,ofcourse,appropriatepenaltiesifwedidnot.Question:
Thephrase"
schoolingprobablymeansthat_______.
A.learningisfromyoungtoold
B.learningisdisastrous
C.learningisunnecessary
D.learningisnotalwayshelpful
A
3.Let’saddressthequestionofwhetherspeedreadingisevenadesirablegoal.Iamanavidfictionreader.Consciouslyorunconsciously,readersoffictionappreciatethebeautyingoodwriting.OccasionallyIwillreadapassageorsentenceovertobeimpressedbytheopeningsentencesofErnestHemingway’sTheOldManandtheSea,TheDark,andHerman.IfIwasadeterminedspeedreader,Iwouldneverhavethetimetoappreciatethesebeautifulpassages.AndI’dneverhavethetimetosavorthedevelopmentofacharacterlikeRhettButler,theGreatGatsbyorCaptainAhab.Goodwritersmustbereadcarefullyandthoughtfullytobefullyappreciated.Tocarrythequestionoftheneedforrapidreadingabitfurther,let’sconsiderthetechnicaloreducationalmaterialmostofusmustreadforourjobs.Ifyouworkinatechnicalfield—andmostbusinessandprofessionalpeopledo—you’dbetterreadslowlyandcarefully.Almostallbusinessestodayaresubjecttofederalregulationstosomedegree.IfyoumustreadtheFederalRegister,theCodeofFederalRegulations,theOSHAHandbookorothertechnicalmaterialsrelateddirectlytoyourjob,I’durgeyoutotakeyourtime.Amisreadingcouldbecostlyordamagingtoyourfirm.Ontheotherhand,newspapers,newsmagazinesandotherpublicationsshouldbereadwithsomedegreeofspeed.Here’swhereageneralknowledgeofspeedreadingtechniquesmightbeuseful.Especiallysincethatisthemostcommontypeofreadingwedo.Anyonecanimprovetheirreadingefficiently.Todoso,youmustlearnsomebasictechniquesandthenconsciouslyapplythem.Perhapsanexpensivecoursewouldhelpyou,butaninexpensivepaperbackandconcentratedpracticemightprovideasmuchlong-termbenefit.Inanycase,youlosenothingbytryingtheself-helpapproach.Question:
Hemingway’swritingismentionedinthepassagetoshowthat_________.
A.somewritingshouldbereadcarefully
B.somewritingshouldbereadquickly
C.onehastounderstandthefullmeaningofawrittenpiece
D.onedoesn’thavetounderstandthefullmeaningofawrittenpiece
4.YhudiMenuhin,whodiedinBerlinonMarch12,1999,attheageof82,wasachildprodigywhofulfilledhispromisetobecomeoneoftheworld’sforemostviolinistsbeforeextendinghisrangetoteachingandconducting.ThegentlyspokenU.S.-bornvirtuosobecameasrenownedforhisdevotiontohumanecausesasforhismasteryoftheviolin.Thespotlighthasbeenonhimsincehisdebutatsevenin1924.Bythetimehewas13,hehadperformedinParis,LondonandNewYork.InBerlin,hisperformancepromptedphysicistAlbertEinsteintoexclaim,"
NowIknowthereisaGodinHeaven."
Reportedlytheworld’shighestpaidmusicianinthe1930s,hisstrivingforperfectionmadehimalegend.Menuhinsaidtheviolinmadeitsowndemands,"
Almostlikeapagangoddess,exactingacertaintribute."
Whenhewas38,oneNewYorknewspaperwrote,"
Thefreshnessanduniquepurityofhisplayingisexhilarating.Nootherviolinisthassuchspeakingeloquenceinthetonealone."
Hegaveuppublicviolinperformancesinhis70s.Hishearingwasalittleimpairedbythenandhehadtakenonmanymoreinterests.Buthisconductingwasstillfullofenergyandhistravelschedulegrueling."
IfeelthatwhatI’velearnedinmusicIcanapplytoawiderepertoire,whichisfunbecauseIamexploringnewterrain,"
hesaidinaninterviewatthetimeofhis80thbirthday."
ButIfeelnodesirenowtospendhoursworkingawayagainatsomethingwhichImyselfinthepastandotherpeoplecanplayfarbetterthanIcannow.Idon’tseethepoint."
ABritishcitizensince1985andalifepeersince1993—BaronMenuhinofStoked’AbernonintheCountyofSurrey—hehadaschoolinEnglandandanacademyinSwitzerlandforyoungmusicians,whomheoftenconducts.Hehasalsohelpedfoundvariousmusicalfestivals,heldtheNehruPeacePrizeandwasagoodwillambassadorforUNESCO.Whilepursuinginterestssuchastheenvironment,organicfarming,alternativemedicine,educationandtheplightofgypsies,hestickstoalong-standinghealthydietandyoga."
Idon’tsquandermyenergies.Keepmyselfinfairlygoodtrim.Istandonmyheadeverymorning.Conductingisawonderfulexercisebecauseituseseveryfaculty,"
hesays.Question:
Inhis70s,Menuhin___________.
A.continuedtogiveviolinperformancesinpublic
B.wasstillbusytravellingaround
C.concentratedonconducting
D.hadimpairedhishearing
B
5.Let’saddressthequestionofwhetherspeedreadingisevenadesirablegoal.Iamanavidfictionreader.Consciouslyorunconsciously,readersoffictionappreciatethebeautyingoodwriting.OccasionallyIwillreadapassageorsentenceovertobeimpressedbytheopeningsentencesofErnestHemingway’sTheOldManandtheSea,TheDark,andHerman.IfIwasadeterminedspeedreader,Iwouldneverhavethetimetoappreciatethesebeautifulpassages.AndI’dneverhavethetimetosavorthedevelopment