建筑工程大体积混凝土裂缝控制与应用范德均Word下载.docx
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FanDejun
Supervisor:
A.Prof.ZhangHongsheng
PluralisticSupervisor:
SeniorEngineeringYangShuyong
Specialty:
ConstructionandCivilEngineering
CollegeofCivilEngineering
ChongqingUniversity
Oct.2006重庆大学硕士学位论文中文摘要
I
摘要
大体积混凝土开裂后,其性能与原状混凝土性能差异很大,尤其是对耐久性(渗
透性)的影响更大;
混凝土渗透反过来又会加速和促使混凝土的进一步恶化,严重
影响其结构的长期安全和耐久运行。
裂缝的产生大多在早期,因此,探讨裂缝产
生的原因以防止裂缝的出现就显得格外重要。
本文首先讨论了大体积混凝土的定义,建筑工程大体积混凝土的特点,温度
及产生温度应力的条件,综述了大体积混凝土裂缝控制的研究现状。
其次探讨了裂缝产生的机理和大体积混凝土温度裂缝的成因及影响因素,概
述了控制大体积混凝土裂缝的原理(方法)是提高混凝土的抗裂能力和控制温度应
力。
提高混凝土抗裂能力的一般方法是:
掺膨胀剂,掺增强材料,配温度筋,提
高混凝土的强度。
控制温度应力的方法是:
减少水泥用量,使用低热水泥,降低
浇筑温度,降低混凝土的干缩(即当量温度),强制降温,减少外部约束和减少内部约
束。
然后分析了大体积混凝土温度的变化过程,温度应力的发展过程及温度应力
的类型。
给出了大体积混凝土的各种温度计算方法以及温度应力的计算方法。
大体积混凝土裂缝产生是由多种因素造成的,设计的合理性,材料的优选及
配合比确定,尤其是施工技术和施工方案的正确确定,是防止大体积混凝土裂缝
的有效措施。
具有十分重要的工程意义。
本文研究的重点是如何配制高强度大体积混凝土。
采用了“三掺技术”,即在大
体积混凝土中掺入U型膨胀剂,粉煤灰和减水剂,充分利用它们各自的优点,相
互补充。
并采用科学的施工工艺及合理的混凝土养护措施来控制裂缝,防止渗漏。
从而保证了大体积混凝土的施工质量。
最后结合工程实例,拟定了合理的施工方案及技术措施。
根据实际情况和试
验资料,水泥采用江油产42.5级普通硅酸盐水泥,掺入缓凝减水剂LFS、UEA膨
胀剂、粉煤灰。
为有效控制大体积混凝土开裂,在中部设置两层双向Φ14@200的
温度筋,设置温度筋,提高配筋率,充分发挥了UEA的限制膨胀。
同时分散应力,
提高了抗裂性。
采用了合理的保温、保湿养护工作,并对施工过程中做了温度全
程监测。
即时调整养护措施,确保了工程质量,施工完毕,混凝土的一切性状皆
达到了预期效果。
关键词:
大体积混凝土,温度裂缝,三掺技术,实际应用重庆大学硕士学位论文英文摘要
II
ABSTRACT
Comparingwiththeoriginal,theproperty,especiallythedurabilitywouldbe
heavilyaffectedwhencracksappearin“MassiveVolumeConcrete.”Ontheotherhand,
theSeepageoftheconcretewouldalsoacceleratethedeteriorationoftheconcrete,and
putevilforthonthelong-termsafetyanddurabilityofit.Itisessentialtodiscussthe
causeofthecracksinordertopreventtheoccurrenceofitinthatmostofthecracksin
ordertopreventtheoccurrenceofitinthatmostofthecracksappearinthepriorstage
oftheconstruction.
Firstly,thisessayhasdiscussedthedefinitionof“MassiveVolumeConcrete”in
architecturalproject,thetemperatureandconditionforcawing“TemperaturalPress”.It
hasalsogenerallydescribedthepresentresearchconditioninthecontrolof“Massive
VolumeConcreteCracks”.
Secondly,ithasdiscussedthemechanicalreasonsintheformingofcracksandthe
causeof“Temperaturalcracks”in“MassiveVolumeConcrete”.Itpointedouttheway
ofcontrolling“MassiveVolumeConcreteCracks”istoimprovethe“anti-cracking”and
“temperaturalpress-controlling”competence.Thegeneralwayforimprovingthe
anti-crackingcompetenceis;
①puttingleaveningagent②Addingreinforcingmaterial
③MatchingtemperaturalSteelinordertoenhancethestrengthoftheConcrete.And,
thewayforcontrollingthetemperaturalpressis;
①Reducingtheuseofcement②
Usinglow-heatedcement③Cuttingdownthepouringtemperatureinconstruction.④
Reducingthedifferencebetweentemperatureinconstructionandforcethetemperature
down,ifnecessary,inordertoreducetherestrictionfromboththeoutandinnerspace.
Thenithasanalyzedthechangingcourseofthetemperaturein“MassiveVolume
Concrete”,andthecourseofthedevelopmentandcategoryofthe“temperaturalpress”.
Ithasalsosuggestedthewayofcountingdifferentkindsoftemperatureand
temperaturalpressin“MassiveVolumeConcrete”
Thereasonoftheoccurrencein“MassiveVolumeConcreteCracks”iscomplicated:
therationalityofthedesign,thesensibilityinthechooseofmaterials,thedecisionof
thematchingproportion,especiallytheaccuratechooseoftheconstructingtechnology
andplanareeffectivemeasurestoprevent“MassiveVolumeConcreteCracks”.Allof
themhavecrucialimportanceinarchitecturalfield.
Themainresearchpointintheessayistodiscusshowtomake“MassiveVolume重庆大学硕士学位论文英文摘要
III
Concrete”whichishighinstrength.Inordertoachievethis,“Threepermeated
technology”isapplied---thatistoaddcoalashin“MassiveVolumeConcrete”and
makefulluseoftheiradvantagetocompensatefromeachother.What’smore,ithas
appliedthescientificconstructingtechnologyandproperprotectingmeasuretocontrol
thecracksinordertopreventseepagesoastoassurethequalityinconstruction.
Intheend,connectedwithinstances,itputsouttheapplicablearchitecturalmethod
andmeasureinconstruction.Accordingtotheacturalcasesandexperimentalmaterials,
itappliedtheordinarycementwhichpermeatedwith“WaterReducingModeratorLFS”
“LeaveningAgentLEA”and“CoalAsh”madeinJiangyon,SichuanProvince.Inorder
tocontrolthecracksin“MassiveVolumeConcrete”effectively,tempraturalsteelwhich
haddoublefacesanddirectionswasputinthemiddleofitinordertoimprovethe
matchingproportionofthesteelandmakefulluseoftherestrictedexpansionofthe
VEA.Atthesametime,thepresswasdistractedsoastoimprovetheanti-cracking
competenceoftheconcrete.Theapplicationoftheproperwet-protectingtaskwasalso
done.What’smore,ancloseexaminationhasdoneduringthewholecourseofthe
construction.Theprettyadaptionoftheprotectingmeasureassuredthequalityofthe
project.Allthecharactersreachedtotheexpectedstatewhentheconstructionhadbeen
finished.
Keywords:
MassiveVolumeConcrete,TemperaturalCracks,ThreePermeated
Technology,application重庆大学硕士学位论文目录
IV
中文摘要.......................................................................................................................................I
英文摘要......................................................................................................................................II
1绪论............................................................................................................................................1
1.1大体积混凝土的定义.............................................................................................................1
1.2建筑工程大体积混凝土的特点.............................................................................................1
1.3温度及产生温度应力的条件.................................................................................................2
1.4裂缝与裂缝控制的概念.........................................................................................................3
1.5研究现状.................................................................................................................................3
1.6本文研究内容.........................................................................................................................5
2裂缝产生的机理和大体积混凝土温度裂缝的成因和影响因素............6
2.1大体积混凝土结构裂缝产生的机理.....................................................................................6
2.2大体积混凝土温度裂缝的特点...........................................................................................10
2.3控制大体积混凝土裂缝的原理(方法)分析........................................................................10
2.4混凝土结构裂缝的限制与修补...........................................................................................14
3大体积混凝土的温度场与温度应力的计算....................................................15
3.1大体积混凝土温度的变化过程...........................................................................................15
3.2混凝土温度应力的发展过程及温度应力的类型...............................................................15
3.3大体积混凝土的混凝土拌合物温度...................................................................................16
3.4水泥水化热与混凝土绝热温升...........................................................................................17
3.5大体积混凝土的温度应力计算...........................................................................................18
3.6控制温度应力,防止裂缝的措施.......................................................................................20
4大体积混凝土施工方案和施工技术研究..........................................................22
4.1大体积混凝土的设计构造要求...........................................................................................22
4.2混凝土配合比及其材料.......................................................................................................23
4.3混凝土的浇筑与养护...........................................................................................................25
4.4大体积混凝土“后浇带”的设计与施工...........................................................................27
4.5大体积混凝土的冬期施工...................................................................................................29
5“三掺”技术在大体积混凝土中试验研究....................................................32
5.1试验研究的目的...................................................................................................................32
5.2减水剂、膨胀剂、粉煤灰的性能.......................................................................................32
5.3“三掺”混凝土的配合比设计及试配...............................................................................34重庆大学硕士学位论文目录
V
5.4试验结果...............................................................................................................................36
5.5试验结果分析.......................................................................................................................39
5.6小结.......................................................................................................................................43
6大体积混凝土施工实例...............................................................................................44
6.1工程概况...............................................................................................................................44
6.2施工方案及技术措施...........................................................................................................44
6.3本工程的温度应力预控计算........................................................................