英语高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析Word文档格式.docx

资源描述

英语高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析Word文档格式.docx

《英语高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析Word文档格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析Word文档格式.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

英语高考英语阅读理解试题经典及解析Word文档格式.docx

explainedVicentini,50,ofMilan.Butnowothercompaniesaredevelopingedibleplates,too.TheEdible-PlateCompanyoffersedibleplates,bowls,traysandcups.Theirproductsareenvironmentally-friendly,100%biodegradableandcanbeusedforalltypesofcateringandhomeuse.Andthey'

remadefromanaturalplant.Afteruse,theycanbefedtoanimalsorlefttodegradenaturally.

Theyalsohavearangeofcutlery（餐具）madefromcornandpotatostarch（淀粉）.Theseplateswillalsohelpreducetheamountofplastic;

wecreate.Wastefromplasticcausesalotofdamagetotheenvironment,aswellascostinggovernmentsmillionsmwastemanagement.Plasticbagsoftenendupinlandfillsitesoronthestreet.Andtheburningofplasticwastecausestoxicgasesthatpollutetheair.Inresponsetothis,governmentsaroundtheworldareintroducingtoughrecyclingregulations.Andmanyshopsareofferingbiodegradableplasticbagsandeco-safepackagingontheirproducts.Tohelpmatters,theInternationalOrganizationforStandardization（theISO）hasalsodevelopedasystemtoevaluatethebiodegradabilityofproducts,withacertificationandlogoscheme,Meanwhile,howaboutaniceplateforlunch?

（1）Whichofthefollowingisnottheadvantageofedibleplates?

Theyareexpensive.

Theycandegradenaturally.

Theyareenvironmentally-friendly.

Theyaremadefromnaturalplant.

（2）Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

TizianoisfromGermany.

Edibleplatesareonlyusedforschoolcatering.

Cornandpotatostarchcanbeusedtomakecutlery.

TheEdiblePlateCompanydoesn'

tproduceediblebowls.

（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"

this"

referto?

Theairpollution.

Theediblecutlery.

Thetoxicgasescausedbytheburningofplastic.

Thedamagetotheenvironmentcausedbyplasticwaste.

（4）Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

Themeasurestostopthepollution.

Thewaystoreducetheplasticwaste.

Howtomakeedibleplatesfromnaturalplants..

Theplatesolutiontoeatingandenvironmentalproblem.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了饮食和环境的问题，并且提出了相应的解决方法。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Theirproductsareenvironmentally-friendly,100%biodegradableandcanbeusedforalltypesofcateringandhomeuse.Andthey'

remadefromanaturalplant.Afteruse,theycanbefedtoanimalsorlefttodegradenaturally.”可知，“昂贵”不是edibleplates的优势。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Theyalsohavearangeofcutlery（餐具）madefromcornandpotatostarch（淀粉）．”可知，玉米和马铃薯淀粉可用于制作餐具。

故选C。

（3）考查代词指代。

根据第三段中的“Wastefromplasticcausesalotofdamagetotheenvironment,aswellascostinggovernmentsmillionsmwastemanagement.Plasticbagsoftenendupinlandfillsitesoronthestreet.Andtheburningofplasticwastecausestoxicgasesthatpollutetheair.Inresponsetothis,governmentsaroundtheworldareintroducingtoughrecyclingregulations.”塑料垃圾对环境造成了很大的破坏，同时也给政府带来了数百万的垃圾管理。

塑料袋经常会出现在垃圾填埋场或街道上。

而燃烧的塑料垃圾会导致有毒气体污染空气。

作为对此的回应，世界各国政府正在出台严格的回收法规。

由此可知this指的是“塑料垃圾对环境造成的破坏。

”故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“Whenwasthelasttimeyouusedplasticplates?

tgohungry."

可知，本文讲述的是饮食和环境问题的解决方案。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，代词指代和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

DogswerelivingascompanionstotheearlysettlersofNorthAmericaover10,000yearsago.TheoldestdomesticdogsintheAmericaswerethoughttobearound9500yearsold.AngelaPerriofDurhamUniversity,UK,andhercolleagueshavecarriedoutfreshradiocarbondatingonthetwodogskeletonsthatgavethisdate,discoveredintheprehistoricKostersiteinIllinois,andfoundtheywereevenolder:

around10,100yearsold.

AthirddogfromanotherIllinoissitecalledStilwellIIwasolderstill,at10,190yearsold.ThatmakesittheoldestknowndomesticateddogintheAmericas.Theteamconcludedthatallthreedogsweredomesticatedastheyskeletonswerecompleteandunskinned,andsohadn'

tbeenbutcheredforfood.Theyhadalsobeencarefullyburied,evidencetheywerevaluedbytheirowners.TheStilwellIIdog,whichprobablyresembledasmallEnglishsettler,wasunderwhatseemedtobethefloorofalivingarea.ItisunclearwhyittooksolongfortamedogstoarriveintheAmericas,giventhattheyweredomesticatedatleast14,000yearsagoinEurasia.Bythistime,peoplewerealreadymovingintoNorthAmericafromSiberia;

thereisevidencesomereachedChile18,500yearsago.Geneticistshavefoundsignsofatleastthreewavesofmigrationoverthefollowingmillennia.Thereisnoevidencethatdomesticdogsaccompaniedthem.“Wedon'

tknowifdogswerepartofthefirstwavesofimmigrationtotheAmericas"

saysLucJanssensofGhentUniversityinBelgium."

Itcouldbeso,butnoarchaeologicalboneshaveyetbeenfound."

Itis"

overwhelminglyprobable"

thatsomeoftheearlysettlersdidbringdogstotheAmericas,buttheymaynothavehad"

thetimeorthespiritualcompulsiontoburythem"

saysPatShipmanofPennsylvaniaStateUniversity.

（1）HowoldistheoldestknowndomesticdogintheAmericas7

About9500years.

About10,100years.

10,190years.

18,500years.

（2）Theunderlinedword"

butchered"

inthefourthparagraphcouldbereplacedby.

killed

bought

trained

raised

（3）WhatistheattitudetowardswhentamedogsarrivedintheAmericasinthelastthreeparagraphs?

Undoubted.

Unsure.

Indifferent.

Unconfident.

（4）Whatisthemaintopicofthispassage?

TheearliestdomesticdogintheAmericas.

ThefirstdogarrivingintheAmericas.

HowdogsweredomesticatedintheAmericas.

WhentheoldestdogwasfoundintheAmericas.

（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了大概一万年以前就在北美成为人类伙伴的狗的种类。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“AthirddogfromanotherIllinoissitecalledStilwellIIwasolderstill,at10,190yearsold.ThatmakesittheoldestknowndomesticateddogintheAmericas.”可知，美洲最古老的家犬有10,190年。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Theteamconcludedthatallthreedogsweredomesticatedastheyskeletonswerecompleteandunskinned,andsohadn'

tbeenbutcheredforfood.Theyhadalsobeencarefullyburied,evidencetheywerevaluedbytheirowners.”研究小组得出的结论是，这三种狗都是被驯化的，因为它们的骨骼是完整的，没有皮肤的，所以没有被宰杀作为食物。

他们也被仔细地埋葬了，证据表明他们是被主人重视的。

关键词buried，可知划线词的意思是“杀死”，故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“ItisunclearwhyittooksolongfortamedogstoarriveintheAmericas,giventhattheyweredomesticatedatleast14,000yearsagoinEurasia.”可知，对到达美洲的驯服的狗态度是不确定。

故选B。

根据第一段中的“DogswerelivingascompanionstotheearlysettlersofNorthAmericaover10,000yearsago.TheoldestdomesticdogsintheAmericaswerethoughttobearound9500yearsold.”可知，美洲有最早的家犬。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

NewSouthWales,Australia,issettingupcamerasaspartofanefforttoreducethenumberofpeoplepreoccupiedwithwirelessdeviceswhiletheydrive.Itwillbethefirstareaintheworldtousethetechnologytopunishdriversdistracted（分心）withtelephonecalls,socialmediaortextmessages.

RoadSafetyexpertsareconcernedaboutthegrowingnumberofaccidentsinvolvingdriversusingsmartphonesonthestate'

sroads.Theysaydriverswhousephoneswhiledrivinggreatlyincreasetheirchancesofbeinginvolvedinanaccident.

TheNewSouthWalesgovernmentplanstoplace45MobilePhoneDetectionCamerasacrossthestatebyDecember.Eachphonedetectionunitcontainstwocameras.Onecameratakespicturesofavehicle'

sregistrationplate（牌照）.Asecondcameralooksthroughthefrontwindowofacarortrucktoseewhatdriversaredoingwiththeirhands.

Theunitsuseartificialintelligencetosetasidedriverswhoarenottouchingtheirphones.Humanbeingsthenconfirmifthepicturesshowillegalbehaviorbeforenoticeissenttothevehicle'

sregisteredowner.Aviolation（违反）carriesfineof$232.Somecameraswillbepermanentlysetuponroadsides.Otherswillbemoved,fromtimetotime,aroundthestate.

Twofixedcamerastookphotographsof8.5millionvehiclesaspartofasix-monthtestearlierthisyear.Thecamerastookphotosofmorethan100,000driverswiththeirhandsonphones.Onedriverwasusingaphoneandanotherelectronicdevice,anAppleiPad,atthesametime.Anotherdriverhadapassengerguidethevehiclewhiletheybothheldphones,thestategovernmentsaid.

（1）WhatistherealpurposetosetupcamerasinNewSouthWale?

A.Tokeeprecordsoftheaccidents.

B.Topromotethelatesttechnology.

C.Tofindillegalbehaviorofthedrivers.

D.Toforcedriverstofocusmoreondriving.

（2）Whatcanweinferfromtheroadsafetyexperts?

展开阅读全文