GCT英语句子结构一篇通Word格式.docx
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③A.atB.byC.inD.to
④A.conditionB.situationC.matterD.case
二、在阅读理解中的应用
1.在分析题目中的应用
Inthe1960smedicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedthetrickypointthatanymajorchangecanbestressful.Negativeeventslike“seriousillnessofafamilymember”werehighonthelistbutsoweresomepositivelife-changingeventslikemarriage.WhenyoutaketheHolmes-Rahetestyoumustrememberthatthescoredoesnotreflecthowyoudealwithstress—itonlyshowshowmuchyouhavetodealwith.Andwenowknowthatthewayyouhandletheseeventsdramaticallyaffectsyourchancesofstayinghealthy.
1.TheresultofHolmes-Rahe’smedicalresearchtellsus__________.
[A]thewayyouhandlemajoreventsmaycausestress
[B]whatshouldbedonetoavoidstress
[C]whatkindofeventwouldcausestress
[D]howtocopewithsuddenchangesinlife
2.ThescoreoftheHolmes-Rahetestshows____________.
[A]howmuchpressureyouareunder[B]howpositiveeventscanchangeyoulife
[C]howstressfulamajoreventcanbe[D]howyoucandealwithlife-changingevents
2.在分析答案中的应用
Thegroupfoundthatnoneofthe100sitesmetallofthebasiccriteriaforprivacyprotection,whichincludegivingnoticeofwhatinformationiscollectedandhowitisused,offeringconsumersachoiceoverwhethertheinformationwillbeusedincertainways,allowingaccesstodatathatgiveconsumersachancetoseeandcorrecttheinformationcollected,andinstitutingthekindofsecuritymeasuresthatinformationwon’tfallintothewronghands.
Whichofthefollowingisnotinthelistofthebasiccriteriaofprivacyprotectionmentionedintheparagraph?
A.Givenoticeofwhatinformationiscollectedandhowitisusedtoconsumers.
B.Allowaccesstodatathatgiveconsumersachancetoseeandcorrecttheinformationcollected.
C.Makeconsumersbelievethattheinformationprovidedbythesitesissurelycorrect.
D.Institutethekindofsecuritymeasuresthatensurethattheinformationwon’tfallintothewronghands.
3.在定位原文中的应用
Manysportsexecutives,largelytoooldandtooconservativetofeelathomewiththenewtechnologieswillbelievethatsportmustcontroltheexpansionoftelevisioncoverageinordertosurviveandensurethatspectatorsattendmatches.Theydonotevenaccepttheevidencewhichcontradictstheirviewwhilethereismorebasketballthaneverontelevision,forexample,itisalsocertainthatbasketballismorepopularthanever.
Howdomanysportsexecutivesfeelwiththenewtechnologies?
A.theyaretoooldtodoanything.
B.Theyfeelillatease.
C.Theyfeelcompletelyathome.
D.Technologiescangohandinhandwithsports.
4.在无法读懂原文时的应用
Thusanet-makingspiderwhichdigsaburrowandrimsitwithabastionofgravelandbitsofwood,whenremovedfromahalffinishedhome,willnotbeginagain,thoughitwillcontinueanotherburrow,evenonemadewithapencil.
Basedontheexampleprovidedinthepassage,wecantellthatwhenaspiderisremovedtoanewpositionwherehalf-nethasbeenmade,itwillprobably_____________
A.beginacompletelynewnetB.destroythehalf-net
C.spintherestofthenetD.stayawayfromthenet
5.在推理时候的应用
Butnoteveryonewholosesajobwillendupintheunemploymentline.Manywillshifttogrowingpositionswithintheirowncompanies.Whennewtechnologiesshookupthetelecommbusiness,telephoneoperatorJudyDoughertypursuedretraining.Sheisnowacommunicationstechnician,earningabout$64,000peryear.Ofcourse,ifyou'
vebeenatollboothcollectorforthepast30years,andyoufindyourselfreplacedbyanE-ZPassmachine,itmaybeoflittleconsolation(安慰)toknowthatthetelecommfieldisbooming.
Inthisparagraphtheauthormentionsthetollboothcollectorto
A.meanhewillgetbenefitsfromthetelecommfield
B.showheistoooldtoshifttoanewposition
C.consolehimonhavingbeenreplacedbyamachine
D.blamethePCforhisunemployment
三、在翻译中的应用
1.Societyrequiresnotonlythatthepassionsofindividualsshouldbesubjected,butthateveninthemassandbody,aswellasintheindividuals,theinclinationsofmenshouldfrequentlybethwarted(阻挠,使挫折),theirwillcontrolled,andtheirpassionsbroughtintosubjection.
2.TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivate-enterprise,market-orientedeconomyinwhichconsumerslargelydeterminewhatshallbeproducedbyspendingtheirmoneyinthemarketplaceforthosegoodsandservicesthattheywantmost.
3.Onemightpointout,forinstance,thatduringthelongperiodfromtheearlydaysontheIndustrialRevolutiontomoderntimes,muchofthegrowthinproductivityandmaterialwealthintheindustrialnationscamenotjustfromcreativeinventionslikethesteamengine,butfromthewidespreadapplicationof“cookinginquantity”businessmethodslikemassivedivisionoflabor,concentrationofassets,verticalintegrationandeconomiesofscale.
四、在写作中的应用
众所周知,我们要建立一个和谐社会,并且要保持可持续的发展,这对中国经济的繁荣是至关重要的。
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第一讲简单句
一、由一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成的句子叫简单句。
WelearnEnglish.
Springiscoming.
注意:
简单句中主语有时可以是并列主语,谓语也可是是并列谓语。
二、五种基本句型
划分句子的方法很多。
这里说的简单句并且是根据谓语动词使用方法的不同,将英语简单句分为五种基本句型:
基本句型一:
(主+谓)
基本句型二:
(主+系+表)
基本句型三:
(主+谓+宾)
基本句型四:
(主+谓+间宾+直宾)
基本句型五:
(主+谓+宾+宾补)
句型一:
主语+(谓语)不及物动词
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
Thesunwasshining.
Themoonrose.
句型二:
主语+连系动词+表语
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:
句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。
这类动词叫做连系动词。
表示状态。
这样的词有:
be,look,seem,smell,taste,sound,keep等。
如:
ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.
Thiskindoffoodtastesdelicious.
表示变化。
这类系动词有:
become,turn,get,grow,go等。
Itisgettingwarmerandwarmer.
句型三:
主语+及物动词+宾语
此句型句子的共同特点是:
谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。
这类动词叫做及物动词。
Whoknowstheanswer?
Heenjoysreading.
句型四:
主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语
此句型的句子有一个共同特点:
谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。
这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。
通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接,当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时,这一介词往往被省略。
间接宾语前需要加to的常用动词有:
allow,bring,deny,do(带来),give,grant,hand,leave,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,permit,promise,read,refuse,render,restore,sell,send,show,teach,tellwish,write等。
间接宾语前需要加for的常用动词有:
bring,buy,cash,choose,fetch,get,leave,make,order,paint,play(演奏),save,sing,spare等。
Sheorderedherselfanewdress.
Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.
句型五:
主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语
此句型的句子的共同特点是:
动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。
常用于这句型的动词有:
appoint,call,choose,elect,entitle,find,make,name,nominate(命名)。
Theyappointedhimmanager.
Theypaintedthedoorgreen.
Thissetthemthinking.
第二讲并列句
并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句组成,多由并列连词and,but,so,or,for等连接的句子。
一、and那么;
然后;
而且;
然而
And连接的分句虽然语法上是同等的分局,但语意上可以表达分句间不同的关系,如时间,因果,对比和条件关系等。
1.Ilaydownandwentstraighttosleep.
2.HeispoorinEnglish,andIam,too.
注意,三个以上的并列句,前面的分句之间用逗号代替。
Heiskind,heisclever,andheishandsome.
二、or或者;
否则
1.Putonyourovercoat,oryouwillcatchcold.
三、but但是;
要不是
1.Shetriedtogiveagoodimpressionontheemployer,butshefailed.
2.Wearealwayslookingforwardtoagoodresultofthefootballgames,butwearealwaysdisappointed.
四、either…or…或者…或者…
1.Eitheryouleavethehouse,orIcallthepolice.
2.Eitheryoumustimproveyourworkorthemanagerwilldismissyou.
五、neither…nor…既不…也不…
1.Neithercouldtheorydowithoutpractice,norcouldpracticedowithouttheory.
2.Shecan’tread,neithercanshewrite.
3.NeitheryounorIamwrong.
六、not…but…不是…但是…
1.It’snotcheap,butit’sverygood.
2.Itisnotwhatyouarestudying,buthowyoustudyitthatcounts..
七、notonly…butalso…不但…而且…
1.Notonlydoesthesungiveuslightbutalsoitgivesusheat.
2.Inotonlyheardit,butIalsosawit.
八、still仍然;
尽管
Wehavemadesomeachievements,stillweshouldbemodestandprudent.
九、therefore因此;
因故
Hewastheonlycandidate,therefore,hewaselected.
十、nevertheless尽管如此;
Shewasverytired,neverthelessshekeptonworking.
十一、however然而;
无论如何
Thebookisexpensive,however,it’sworthit.
十二、meanwhile同时
Icontinuedworking,meanwhile,hewentoutshopping.
十三、otherwise否则
Seizethechance,otherwiseyouwillregretit.
十四、hence因此,所以
Itisverylate,henceyoumustgotobed.
十五、thus于是,这样一来
Shestudiedhard,thusshegothighmarks.
十六、accordingly因此;
于是
Everyonewasorderedtoleavethebuilding,accordingly,wewentintothestreet.
十七、consequently所以,因此
Shanghaiissituatedbythesea,consequently,thecityenjoysahealthyclimate.
第三讲复合句
由主句和从句组成的句子叫复合句。
复合句也称主从句,即主句和从句,从句须有引导词或叫连词引出,否则复合句不成立。
由于连词既起连接主句和从句的作用,表明主从句之间的关系,还在从句中充当一定的成份,有一定的意义。
根据从句在主句中充当的成分不同,可分为三类
1.名词从句(主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,状语从句)
2.定语从句(形容词性从句)
3.状语从句(副词性从句)
一、名词从句
在句子中起名词作用的各种从句,统称为名词性从句。
根据他们在句子中起的语法作用