中美家庭教育的比较Word文档下载推荐.docx

中美家庭教育的比较Word文档下载推荐.docx

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slife.Nowadays,socialdevelopmentneedshighqualifiedtalentsandgoodfamilyeducationisthekeypointtothehighqualifiedtalents.Becauseofthedifferentsocialsystems,culturebackgrounds,educationaimsandsoon,familyeducationforthechildrenisdifferentinmanyaspectsbetweenChinaandAmerica.Intheeducationprojectsoftrainingnewcenturytalentsintheworld,allthecountriesputfamilyeducationinaveryimportantposition.Althoughfamilyeducationnowattractssocialcircles’attention,especiallyeducationalcircles’attention,Chinesefamilyeducationstillhadalotofproblems.Thispaperfirstintroducesthedefinitionoffamilyeducation.Second,thispaperpointsoutthemainproblemsintoday’sChinesefamilyeducation.Third,bycomparing,thispaperpointsoutthedifferentfamilyeducationbetweenChinaandAmerica（mainlyonaspectsoffamilyeducation’scontents,aimsandmethods）.Familyeducationaimsfortrainingthechildrenintowhatkindofpersonthattheeducationcontentsandmethodschooseaccordingtotheaims.Aftercomparison,thepaperinterpretsthereasonsofthesedifferences.Finally,thepaperputsforwardsomemethodsthatsuitChinesefamilyeducation.

[KeyWords]familyeducation;

comparison;

American;

Chinese

【摘要】家庭教育的成功与否关系着一个人的一生，现在社会的发展需要高素质的人才，而良好的家庭教育是培养高素质人才很关键的起点。

由于中美两国社会制度，文化背景，教育目的等方面的不同，也给家庭教育孩子的观念带来不同。

世界各国在培养新世纪人才的教育工程中，都很重视家庭教育这一环节。

虽然家庭教育在我国已经引起了社会各界，特别是教育界的极大关注，但是时至今日，我国不少家庭的教育仍存在着误区。

本文首先从介绍家庭教育的定义入手,然后指出中国家庭教育存在的主要问题,接着对中美两国家庭教育的相关方面（主要是家教内容,家教目的和家教方法）进行比较，这里所说的家庭教育的目的就是通过家庭教育要把受教育者培养成什么样的人，教育的内容和方法都得根据目的去选择。

根据这些因素的比较，分析形成两国家庭教育差异的原因。

最后根据对比中美两国的家庭教育,取其精华去其糟粕,提出几点适合中国的家庭教育方法。

【关键词】家庭教育；

比较；

美国；

中国

1.Introduction

Enteringtwenty-firstcentury,asoneofthehottestspot,familyeducationisbecomingmoreandmoreimportantinpeople’slife.Family,asthecellofsociety,isthefirstplacethatchildrenreceiveeducationandthefirstunitthatthechildrengetintouchwiththesociety.Educationisahighlycomplicatedprocesswhichisconnectedwithfamilies,schoolsandsocietythroughoutone’swholelife.Amodernsociety,whetheritcanpresentitsspecialeducationfunction,whichisalreadythebaseofthepowertopushthesocietyandcreationoffamilyhappiness.Inmodernsociety,familyeducationcontentsbecomevarious,itincludesnotonlyfamilylifeeducation,familyrelationeducation,familymoralityeducation,butalsochildreneducation,parentseducationandsoon.Inthispaper,Iwilldiscusstheeducationofthechildren.

2.Thedefinitionoffamilyeducation

“HarryChester’sSchoolsforChildrenandInstitutesforAdults（1860）says,‘Educationisthedevelopmentandtrainingofthehumanbeinginallhiscapacities,spiritual,intellectualandphysical…’”[1]P148Inthedictionary,thedefinitionoffamilyeducationexplainedinthisway:

Parentsoreldergenerationeducatethechildorteenageinfamily.Differentsocietyneedsdifferentfamilyeducation.“ZhengQilong,inhisworkfamilyeducation,explaineditinanotherway:

Educationisasocietyusetoeducatenewgenerationwithaimsandsystems…”[2]P6-7 

Familyeducationisparentseducatetheirchildren,itisanimportantpartofthewholeeducationsystem.Forthesakeofthechangingsituation,thedefinitionoffamilyeducationshouldbeextended:

“（i）Familyeducationisnotonlytheactionoffamilybutconcernsthewholesociety.（ii）Familyeducation’saimsarenotonlystudyingthefamilyrelationandlivingskills,butalsothephysiologyandpsychologyofeveryfamilymemberandfamilymembersall-rounddevelopment.（iii）Familyeducationisnotonlythewaythatparentsoreldergenerationeducatethechildorteenageinfamily,butallthefamilymemberseducateeachother.（iv）Familyeducationisnotonlytheeducationofthepre-schooleducation,butalsoalllifeeducation.”[3]P52

3.Mainproblemsintoday’sChinesefamilyeducation

3.1Parents’mistakeinconceptionofvalueandwrongactivitiesleading

Achild’sconceptionofmoralityandvalueorientationlearnsfromacquistion,especiallyfromhisparents.Soparentsaffectthechild’smindgreatly.“（i）Ifparentsalwayssaysomepositiveview,suchas,‘Moneymakesthemarego’or‘Moneytalks.’”[4]P23Thechildmayformaconceptionthatpeopleliveinordertomakemoneywhichisawrongviewofvalue.（ii）Parentssometimesendorsesomewrongbehaviors,thechildmayformanideathatthosewrongbehaviorsareright.

3.2Utopianexpectationofchildren’seducation

Chineseparentsproduceagreatimpactonchildren’sfuture.WhenababyborninaChinesefamily,hisparentsoftendesignafutureforhim,nomatterthechildlikesitornot.Thatistosay,Chineseparentswouldenforcetheirchildrenlivingunderthedesign