届高三英语提升练 十八 阅读理解2文档格式.docx

届高三英语提升练 十八 阅读理解2文档格式.docx

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Robotsarecommonintoday’sworld.Theymanufacturecars,workinspace,exploreoceans,cleanupoilspillsandinvestigatedangerousenvironments.Andnow,scientistsattheUniversityofManchesterareusingarobotasalaboratorypartner.

Theresearchersattheuniversitycreatedtherobotin2009andnameditAdam.Despitethename,Adamisnotahumanoidrobot.Itisaboutthesizeofacar.

Adamwasbuilttodoscienceandmakediscoveries.RossKingistheleaderoftheUniversityofManchesterresearchteam.Hesaystherobotmadeadiscoveryaboutyeast（酵母）,akindoffungususedinscienceasamodelforhumancells.

“Adamhypothesizedcertainfunctionsofgeneswithinyeastandexperimentallytestedthesehypothesizesandconfirmedthem.Soitbothhypothesizedandconfirmednewscientificknowledge.”

Adam’ssuccessasascientistledtothecreationofanotherrobotscientistnamedEve.ResearchersdevelopedEvetodesignandtestdrugsfortropicalandneglecteddiseases.Thesediseaseskillandinfectmillionsofpeopleeachyear.

Drugdevelopmentisslowandcostly.Expertssayitcantakemorethan10yearsandabout$1billiontodiscoveranddevelopnewmedicines.Drugmanufacturersareunlikelytogettheirinvestmentmoneyback.

SotheUniversityofManchesterdevelopedalow-costtestthatshowswhetherornotachemicalislikelytobemadeintoaneffectivemedicine.MrKingsaysthatotherdrugtestingmethodswerenotveryeffective.

“Howitworksconventionallyisyouuserobotics（机器人技术）aswellandyouhavealargecollectionofpossibledrugs.Youtesteverysinglecompound（复合物）.Andyoustartatthebeginningofyourlibraryandcontinueuntiltheend,andstop.Soit’snotaveryintelligentprocess.Theroboticsdoesn’tlearnanythingasitgoesalong,evenifit’stestedamillioncompounds,itstilldoesn’thaveanyexpectationofwhatwillhappennextwhenittestsanewcompound.”

MrKingsaysthatEveisdifferentbecausetherobotlearnsasittestsdifferentcompounds.Hesaystherobotisdesignedtoignorecompoundsthatitthinksunlikelytobegood.Itwillonlytestthecompoundswhichhaveagoodchanceofworking.

Evehasdiscoveredthatacompoundknowntobeeffectiveagainstcancermightalsobeusedtofightagainstmalariaandothertropicaldiseases.

MrKingsayshehopestocompletelyautomatethedrugtestingprocesswithrobotslikeEvetocreateandtestnewchemicals.Buthesayshumansremainincontrolofthemanufacturingprocess.

【文章大意】本文主要介绍的是机器人能帮助科学家们测试药物,研发药物。

1.AdamcandoallthefollowingEXCEPT______.

A.makingdiscoveries　　　B.workinginspace

C.helpingresearchersD.doingscientificresearch

【解析】选B。

细节判断题。

根据第三段的内容可知,没有太空工作。

2.Theunderlinedword“hypothesized”probablymeans______.

A.learnedB.guessed

C.discoveredD.created

词义猜测题。

根据上下文可知,这句话的意思是:

亚当假设基因在酵母中拥有某些功能并验证了这些假设。

hypothesized在这里是“假设,猜测”的意思。

【误区警示】本题可能会误选其他选项,主要原因是未能根据上下文准确理解这句话的含义,做此类题根据其本义再结合语境来进行推断是解题的关键。

3.Thedevelopmentofnewdrugsisslowbecause______.

a.ittakeslongtotestnewdrugs.

b.ittakeslongtoproducenewdrugs.

c.newdrugsarelesseffective.

d.ittakeslongtoprofitfromnewdrugs.

e.conventionaltestingmethodsdon’tworkwell.

A.abc　　　B.bcd　　　C.cde　　　D.ade

【解析】选D。

细节理解题。

根据Expertssayitcantakemorethan10yearsandabout$1billiontodiscoveranddevelopnewmedicines.Drugmanufacturersareunlikelytogettheirinvestmentmoneyback.可知答案为D。

4.Evehasanadvantageof______.

A.testingamillioncompoundatatime

B.controllingthemanufacturingprocess

C.expectingwhatwillhappenwhiletestingdrugs

D.makingscientificresearch

【解析】选C。

推理判断题。

根据倒数第四段最后两句以及倒数第三段MrKingsaysthatEveisdifferentbecausetherobotlearnsasittestsdifferentcompounds...可知Eve不同于一般的机器人,它能边实验边学到一些东西,并能判断出药物中值得实验的有效成分。

5.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.RobotScientistHelpsDesignNewDrugs

B.Adam—theSmartRobot

C.NewMethodstoTestDrugs

D.ScientistsDevelopHumanoidRobots

【解析】选A。

主旨大意题。

本文主要介绍的是机器人能帮助科学家们测试药物,研发药物。

故选A。

（2015·

宁波二模）

Askanyonewhatisthemostdifficultpartofchangingtheirlifestylehabitsandtheyaremostlikelytosay,“Stayingmotivated”.Buta36-year-oldprofessorfromCarnegieMellonUniversityclaimsitmayhavetheanswerintheformofrobotweightlosscoachthatdishesoutdailyhealthadviceandencouragement.

AutomistheworkofIntuitiveAutomata,acompanybasedinShaTinwhichclaimstobeapioneerincommercialsocially-interactiverobots.

Therobot,whichstandsaround38centimeterstall,hasaheadthatswivels（旋转）,blueeyes,andatouchscreenwhichallowstheusertoinputinformationdailyaboutexerciseanddiet.ItscreatorssayAutomwillhaveadailyconversationwith