新公共管理英语论文翻译Word文档格式.docx

新公共管理英语论文翻译Word文档格式.docx

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thefinancialcrisis,thesocialwelfarepolicyunsustainable,governmentagenciesincreasinglybloated,inefficient,thepubliclostconfidenceinthegovernment'

sability,"

governmentfailure"

theoryhasbeguntodominate.

Itisinthishistoricalbackdrop,anewpublicadministrationtheory,Management--NewPublicManagement（NewPublicManagement）inthe1980s,theAnglo-Americantwocrops,andtherapidexpansionoftheWesterncountries.

Andthenumberoftraditionalpublicadministrationwithintheframeworkofthechanges,Publicmanagementisnotnewtotheexistingadministrativestructureandwaysofsomedegreeofpartialadjustmentorsimplytoloweradministrativecostsandreduceadministrativeexpenses,butmoreimportantly,itisthetraditionalmodelofpublicadministrationofacomprehensivesettlementanddenied.

1.Thenewpublicmanagementtheory

IfthetraditionalpublicadministrationtoWilson.Goodnowpolitical-administrativetheoryandthetwo-Weber-tiersystemonthesupportoftheirtheory,newpublicwhilemanagementofmoderneconomicsandprivateenterprisemanagementtheoryandmethodsasitstheoreticalbasis.

First,thenewpublicmanagementfrommoderneconomicshasmanytheoreticalbasis,Fromthe"

rational"

（therationalisfortheirowninterests.wanttopaythesmallestgainmaximumbenefits）ofthepremiseisthebasisforperformancemanagement;

fromthepublicchoicetheoryandtransactioncostwhichthegovernmentshouldbemarket-orientedorcustomers,improvetheefficiencyofservices,thequalityandeffectivenessofthebasis;

fromthecost-effectivenessanalysiswastodefinetheperformancegoals,Measurementandevaluation,andsoonthebasis.

Secondly,thenewpublicmanagementfromtheprivatemanagementmethodstoabsorbnutrients.Thenewpublicadministrationthatmanyprivatesectormanagementmethodsandmeansavailabletothepublicsectorborrowing.Suchastheprivatesector,theorganizationalformofflexibilityinadaptingtotheenvironment,andnotWebersaidtherigidhierarchy;

outputsandoutcomesofthehighdegreeofimportance（fortheprivatesector,outputmeansprofitsinahighlycompetitivemarketenvironment,wemustmakeprofitstoprovidecustomerswithhigh-qualityservice,Meanwhile,asfaraspossibletoreducecosts）,ratherthanjustinputandoutputweight;

personnelmanagementtoachieveaflexiblesystemofemploymentcontractsandperformancepaysystem,ratherthanbyhiringapermanentoffice,andsoon.

Inshort,thenewpublicmanagement,andisalreadybytheprivatesectortosuccessfullyusedmanagementmethods,Ifperformancemanagement,goalmanagement,organizationaldevelopment,humanresourcesdevelopmentisnotuniquetotheprivatesector.Theycanbeusedinpublicsectormanagement.

2.Thenewpublicadministrationofthebasicfeatures

NewPublicManagementisaverylooseconcept,itreferstoanattempttoreplacethetraditionalpublicadministrationmanagementtheory,Alsoreferredtoanewmodelofpublicadministration,alsoreferstothecontemporaryWesternongoingpublicadministrationreformmovement.ItsnameinwesterncountriesisnotnecessarilythesameasintheUnitedKingdomcalled"

management"

intheUnitedStatesknownasthe"

entrepreneurialgovernment"

or"

newpublicmanagement"

Insomeothercountries,alsoknownasthe"

market-orientedpublicadministration,"

andsoon,buttheyhavebroadlysimilarfeatures.

Firstly,thenewpublicmanagementtochangethetraditionalmodelofpublicgovernmentandtherelationshipbetweensociety,reopenedtothefunctionsofthegovernmentandwiththecommunityrelationsposition:

thatthegovernmentisnolongersuperior,"

self-service"

bureaucracy,governmentofficialsshouldberesponsible"

corporatemanagersandmanagers"

thepublicistoprovidethegovernment'

staxrevenue"

taxpayers"

andaccesstogovernmentservicesinreturnforthe"

clients"

customers"

governmentservicesshouldbecustomer-orientedandshouldenhancethepublic'

sneedtorespondtoforce.Inrecentyears,Britain,Germany,theNetherlandsandothergovernmentservicestosimplifyt