施工升降机的创新设计外文翻译Word格式.docx
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InstituteofAutomobileandConstructionMachinery,NanjingUniversityoftechnology,Nanjing210009,P.R.China
AbstractInthispaper,thecurrentdevelopmentofconstructionhoistisreviewed.Thestructureandthecharacteristicsoftheconstructionhoistaredescribed.Thekeytechnologiessuchasthestructureofthediversityoftheconstruction,thetraction-liftconstruction,theintegratedwinchsystemandthecomputeraideddesignarediscussed.
KeywordsConstructionmachineryhoist;
Innovativedesign;
Electro-hydraulic.
1Introduction
Theconstructionhoistisakindofmechanicalmachineryusedtoliftpassengersandmaterialsalongtheverticalorrail-dumpingmast.Itiscomposedofplatforms,hopper,cageandsoon.Itcanhelptoimproveproductivityandreducecosts.Tomeettheneedsofdifferentkindsofconstructions,manynewtypesofconstructionhoistshavesprungupwhichhaveadvancedfunctions.
2Innovativedesignofstructure
2.1Commonstructure
Constructionhoistscanbedividedintofourtypesaccordingtothenumberofcageandmast.TheirrelativepositionisshowninFig.1.
ab
cd
(a)doublemastandsinglecage
(b)Singlemastandcagesonbothsides
(c)Singlemastandacagesinoneside
(d)Singlemastandacageinside
Fig.1Commonstructurediagram
Thehoistshavebeenwidelyappliedinconstructiontoenhanceproductivityandconstructioncostsgreatly.Thestandardsectionsofhoistswitheithersinglemastsectionsordoublemastsectionsareallconnectedbybolts,andfixedonthewallbyconnections.Therearemechanicalspringsfixedonthebottomframeofthisinordertoincreasethereliabilities.
2.2Severalnewtypesofstructure
Thetilthoisthasrail-dumpingmasts,whichcanbeappliedwherethebuildingisnotvertical.Itsmastisparalleltothefadeofbuildings.Itiswidelyusedforchimneys,towers,bridgesandotherhigh-risetiltbuildings.
Onefoldingandremovalhoistforlow-risebuildings’hasemergedinrecentyears.HefoldingandremovalhoistmadebyGermanBOCKERandithasagoodperformance.Thishoistcanpassthroughnarrowpassengerways,whenthestructureiscompact.Therailsectionsofthishoistcanrotate360aroundthebase,operatingeasilyandefficiently.Furthermore,therailsectionscanbeextendedandbendedsothatmaterialscanbetransportedconvenientlytotheroofofthebuildings.Accordingtothosesuperiorities,thistypehoistwillbeappliedwidelyinlow-risebuildings.
Toadaptthetrendofenergy-savingandsafety,theeffectivewaystooptimizethemachineryhoistsarereductionofself-weightanddiversityofproductforms.TheMB-hoistsmadebyItalyMABERhasatrilateralcross-sectionmast.Thistypeofmastsectionscanreduceself-weightbutnotlowerperformance,anditcanreducecostandbeinstallmentquicklyandeasily.TheCM-doublemastcansharethemastwithothercageorplatform,sothatitovercomestheproblemoflowutilizationaboutthetraditionaldoublemasthoist,increasestheloadcapacity.Ingeneral,thistypehoistissuitableinthelarge-scalebuildingsformaterialorpassenger.
3drivesysteminnovativedesign
Thedrivesystemisthecorepartofahoist,anditplaysasignificantroleintheadvanced,safeandcomfortablecharactersofahoist.
3.1Rack-and-piniongearsdrivesystem
Usingrack-and-piniongears,thedrivesystemhashighefficiencyandreliability.Therearetwotypesofconnectionbetweenthecageandthedrivesystem.Thefirsttypeisthatthedrivesystemarrangedwithinthecage.Itisfastenedonthehoist,drivingthehoistmovingdirectly.Anotheristhatthedrivesystemarrangeduponthecage,itisconnectedthecagebypins,drawingthehoistmovingindirectly.Theformoftheelasticfixingissimplerthanoftherigidfasteningandcancompensatefortheinfluenceandcancompensatefortheinfluenceofrack-and-piniongears,theseinfluencesincurredbytheerroroftheproductionandassembly.Theelasticfixingcanalsoavoidofthedamagesofthedrivesystemandplayabuffersothatthehoisthasastablebrake.
3.2Tractiondrivesystem
Thedrivesystemisdrivenbythetractor,andthespeedreduceroutputsthetorquetothedrayround.Thetractordriverthroughtheropesandthedrayroundthehoistmoving.
Thetractorhastwotypesofrelativeplacement,underneathtypeandtop-installedtype.Becauseofthecomplexofthestructureandthehighercost,theunderneathtypehasnotbeenappliedwidely.AsshowinFig.2,themannedhoistwithtop-installedtractionmachinedevelopedbytheauthorsofthis
Fig.2Mannedwithtop-installedtractionmachine
paper,whosetractorisfixedonbeam.Thishoistusestheover-speedgovernorandthesafetygears.Whenthespeedreachesorsurpassesagivenvalue,theover-speedgovernorwillstopandpullthesafetygears