Book 1U1语法Word文件下载.docx

上传人:b****6 文档编号:15943409 上传时间:2022-11-17 格式:DOCX 页数:12 大小:23.03KB
下载 相关 举报
Book 1U1语法Word文件下载.docx_第1页
第1页 / 共12页
Book 1U1语法Word文件下载.docx_第2页
第2页 / 共12页
Book 1U1语法Word文件下载.docx_第3页
第3页 / 共12页
Book 1U1语法Word文件下载.docx_第4页
第4页 / 共12页
Book 1U1语法Word文件下载.docx_第5页
第5页 / 共12页
点击查看更多>>
下载资源
资源描述

Book 1U1语法Word文件下载.docx

《Book 1U1语法Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《Book 1U1语法Word文件下载.docx(12页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。

Book 1U1语法Word文件下载.docx

关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。

关系副词有when,where和why。

关系副词在定语从句中充当状语。

二、关系代词的用法

(一)基本用法

根据先行词及其在从定语句中所充当的成分不同,定语从句中要选用不同的关系代词。

如下表:

关系词

先行词

从句成分

例句

备注

关系代词

who

主语,宾语

Doyouknowthemanwhoistalkingwithyourmother?

whom,which和that在从句中做宾语时,常可以省略,但当介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用that

whom

宾语

(1)MrSmithisthepersonwithwhomIamworking.

(2)Theboy(whom)sheloveddiedinthewar.

whose

人,物

定语

(1)Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.

(2)Theboywhosefatherworksabroadismyclassmate.

that

(1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.

(2)Sheisthepopstar(that)Iwanttoseeverymuch.

which

(1)Thebook(which)Igaveyouwasworth$10.

(2)Thepicturewhichwasabouttheaccidentwasterrible.

as

(1)Heissuchapersonasisrespectedbyallofus.

(2)ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday.

as做宾语一般不省略

e.g.

(1)Doyouknowtheprofessorwho/thatwillgiveusaspeechnextweek?

(作主语)

(2)Ireadareportabouthisnewnovelthat/whichwillsoonbepublished.(作主语)

(3)Theplanthat/whichtheyarguedaboutwassettledatlast.(作宾语)

(4)Thisisthenewsecretary(who/whom/that)Iwouldliketointroducetoyou.(作宾语)

(5)Thesoldierwhoselegswerebadlywoundedwasoperatedonwithoutdelay.(作定语)

注意:

关系代词在定语从句中充当宾语时可以省略,充当主语时则不能。

(见上例(3)(4))

(二)关系代词that代替which的一些情况

which,that在代替物时,一般可以通用。

但在有些情况下,只能用关系代词that。

1.先行词是形容词的最高级或它的前面有形容词的最高级来修饰时。

e.g.

(1)Thisisthebestthathasbeenusedagainstpollution.

(2)Englishisthemostdifficultsubjectthatyouwilllearnduringtheseyears.

2.先行词是序数词,或它前面有一个序数词时。

e.g.

(1)Thisisthelastplace(that)Iwanttovisit.

(2)ItisthefirstAmericanmovieofthiskindthatI’veeverseen.

3.先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等代词时。

e.g.

(1)Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.

(2)Wehaven’tgotmuchthatwecanofferyou.

4.先行词前面有theonly,thevery,any,few,little,no,all,much,every等修饰时。

e.g.

(1)Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.

(2)Thelittlemoney(that)hehadwasstolen.

(三)宜用who,而不用that的一些情况

1.先行词是one,ones,anyone时。

e.g.

(1)Onewhohasnothingtofearforoneselfdarestotellthetruth.

(2)Don’ttellanyoneaboutthenewswhooughtn’ttoknowit.

2.先行词是those时。

e.g.Thosewhowerenotfitfortheirworkcouldnotseethebeautifulclothesmadeofthemagiccloth.

(四)其它情况

1.先行词既有人又有物时。

e.g.

(1)Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?

(2)Thebikeanditsriderthathadrunoveranoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.

2.主句已有疑问词who或which时。

e.g.

(1)Whichisthebikethatyoulost?

(2)Whoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?

(五)与whose有关的问题

1.whose是代词的所有格,它既可以代人也可以代物。

e.g.

(1)Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.

(2)Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.

2.当whose表示物与物的所有格关系时,亦可用ofwhich的形式。

e.g.Thebuildingwhoseroofyoucanseefromhereisanewrestaurant.

→Thebuilding,theroofofwhichyoucanseefromhere,isanewrestaurant.或

→Thebuilding,ofwhichtheroofyoucanseefromhereisanewrestaurant.

三、介词前提的问题

关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时,介词可以前提至关系代词前。

例如:

Haveyouseenthepen(which)Iwrotethenotewithjustnow?

(which作介词with的宾语)

→HaveyouseenthepenwithwhichIwrotethenotejustnow?

1.介词提前后,当先行词是人或物时,关系代词分别只能用whom和which,而不再用that或who。

2.介词提前后,关系代词不再能省略。

3.有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提,如:

lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。

e.g.

(1)错误:

Whoistheoldmantothatyouweretalkingto?

正确:

Whoistheoldmantowhomyouweretalking?

Whoistheoldman(that/whom)youweretalkingto?

(2)错误:

Thesearethesheepofwhichtheboytookcare.

Thesearethesheep(which/that)theboytookcareof.

四、关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句中的主谓一致

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。

e.g.

(1)Whoistheguythatisreadingoverthere?

(2)Thenumberofpeoplethataregoingtotheexhibitionisexpectedtobeover25,000.

(3)Allthatneedstobedonehasbeendone.

(4)Heisoneofthestudentswhousecomputeralotforstudy.

(5)Timmyistheonlyoneofthepupilsthathasfailedtheexam.

例(3)中的all意为“一切”,作单数。

例(5)中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人,因此谓语动词也用单数。

that与which,who,whom的用法区别:

情况

用法说明

只用that的情况

1.先行词为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代词时;

2.先行词被all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few等修饰时;

3.先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时。

4.先行词既指人又指物时;

5.先行词被theonly,thevery修饰时;

6.句中已经有who或which时,为了避免重复时。

1.Hetoldmeeverythingthatheknows.

2.Allthebooksthatyouofferedhavebeengivenout.

3.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverread.

4.Wetalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatweremembered.

5.HeistheonlymanthatIwan

展开阅读全文
相关资源
猜你喜欢
相关搜索

当前位置:首页 > 成人教育 > 电大

copyright@ 2008-2022 冰豆网网站版权所有

经营许可证编号:鄂ICP备2022015515号-1