六级真题试题Word文档格式.docx
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1.随着信息技术的发展,电子图书越来越多
2.有人认为电子图书会取代传统图书,理由是……
3.我的看法
注意:
此部分试题在答题卡1上
PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
Whatwilltheworldbelikeinfiftyyears?
Thisweeksometopscientists,includingNobelPrizewinners,gavetheirvisionofhowtheworldwilllookin2056,frongas-poweredcarstoextraordinaryhealthadvances,JohnInghamreportsonwhattheworld’sfinestmindsbelieveourfutureswillbe.
Forthoseofusluckyenoughtolivethatlong,2056willbeaworldofalmostperpetualyouth,whereobesityisaremotememoryandrobotsbecomeourcompanions.
Wewillberubbingshoulderswithaliensandcolonizingouterspace.Betterstill,ourdescendantsmightatlastliveinaworldatpeacewithitself.
Thepredictionisthatwewillhavefoundasourceofinexbaustible,safe,greenenergy,andthatsciencewillhavekilledoffreligion.Iftheyarerightwewillhaveremovedtwoofthemaincausesofwar-ourdependenceonoilandreligiousprejudice.
Willwereally,astoday’sscientistsclaim,beabletoliveforeveroratleastcheattheageingprocesssothattheaveragepersonlivesto150?
Ofcourse,allthesepredictionscomewithascientifichealthwarning.HarvardprofessorStevenPinkersays:
“Thisisaninvitationtolookfoolish,aswiththepredictionsofdomedcitiesandnuclear-poweredvacuumcleanersthatweremade50yearago.”
Livinglonger
AnthonyAtala,directoroftheWakeForestInstituteinNorthCarolina,belivesfailingorganswillberepairedbyinjectingcellsintothebody.Theywillnaturallytostraighttotheinjuryandhelphealit.Asystemofinjectionswithoutneedlescouldalsoslowtheageingprocessbyusingthesameprocessto“tune”cells.
BruceLahn,professorofhumangeneticsattheUniversityofChicago,anticipatestheabilitytoproduce“unlimitedsupplies”oftransplantablehumanorganswithouttheneededaneworgan,suchaskidney,thesurgeonwouldcontactacommercialorganproducer,givehimthepatient’simmuno-logicalprofileandwouldthenbesentakidneywiththecorrecttissuetype.
Theseorganswouldbeentirelycomposedofhumancells,grownbyintroducingthemintoanimalhosts,andalloweingthemtodeveoopintoandorganinplaceoftheanimal’sown.ButProf.Lahnbelievesthatfarmedbrainswouldbe“offlimits”.Hesays:
“Veryfewpeoplewouldwanttohavetheirbrainsreplacedbysomeoneelse’sandweprobablydon’twanttoputahumanbrainingananimalbody.”
RichardMiller,aprofessorattheUniversityofMichigan,thinksscientistcoulddevelop“anthenticanti-ageingdrugs”byworkingouthowcellsinlargeranimalssuchaswhalesandhumanresistmanyformsofinjuries.Hesays:
“It’sisnowroutine,inlaboratorymammals,toextendlifespanbyabout40%.Turningonthesameprotectivesystemsinpeopleshould,by2056,createthefirstclassof100-year-oldswhoareasvigorousandproductiveastoday’speopleintheir60s”
Aliens
ConlinPillinger,professorofplanerarysciencesattheOpenUniversity,says:
”IfancythatatleastwewillbeabletoshowthatlifedidistarttoevolveonMarswellasEarth.”Within50yearshehopesscientistswillprovethatalienlifecamehereinMartianmeteorites(陨石).
ChrisMcKay,aplanetaryscientistatNASA’sAmesResearchCenter.believesthatin50yearswemayfindevidenceofalienlifeinancientpermanentforstofMarsoronotherplaners.
Headds:
”ThereisevenachancewewillfindalienlifeformshereonEarth.ItmightbeasdifferentasEnglishistoChinese.
PricetonprofessorFreemanDysonthinksit“likely”thatlifeformouterspacewillbediscovereddefore2056becausethetoolsforfindingit,suchasopticalandradiodetectionanddataprocessing,areimproving.
Heays:
”Assoonasthefirstevidenceisfound,wewillknowwhattolookforandadditionaldiscoveriesarelikelytofollowquickly.Suchdiscoveriesarelikelytohaverevolutionaryconsequencesforbiology,astronomyandphilosophy.Theymaychangethewaywelookatourselvesandourplaceintheuniverse.
Coloniesinspace
RichardGottprofessorofastrophysicsatPrinceton,hopesmanwillsetupaself-sufficientcolonyonMars,whichwouldbea“lifeinsurancepolicyagainstwhatevercatastrophes,naturalorotherwise,mightoccuronEarth.
TherealspaceraceiswhetherwewillcoloniseoffEarthontootherworldsbeforemoneyforthespaceprogrammerunsout.”
Spinalinjuries
EllenHeber-Katz,aprofessorattheWistarInstitudeinPhiladelphia,foreseescuresforinijuriescausingparalysissuchastheonethatafflicatedSupermanstarChristopherReeve.
Shesays:
”Ibelievethatthedayisnotfaroffwhenwewillbeabletoprofescribedrugsthatcauseseveres(断裂的)spinalcordstoheal,heartstoregenerateandlostlimbstoregrow.
“Peoplewillcometoexpect