大学英语阅读题以及答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

大学英语阅读题以及答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

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作业与测试 

>

测试分析

阅读理解75题，总分值：

75分

Directions：

Readthefollowingpassagescarefully.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedsentences.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosethebestanswertoeachquestion.

Governmentsthroughouttheworldactontheassumptionthatthewelfareoftheirpeopledependslargelyontheeconomicstrengthandwealthofthecommunity.Undermodernconditions,thisrequiresvaryingmeasuresofcentralizedcontrolandhencethehelpofspecializedscientistssuchaseconomistsandoperationalresearchexperts.Furthermore,itisobviousthatthestrengthofcountry’seconomyisdirectlyboundupwiththeefficiencyofitsagricultureandindustry,andthatthisinturnrestsupontheeffortsofscientistsandtechnologistsofallkinds.Italsomeansthatgovernmentsareincreasinglycompelledtointerfereinthesesectorsinordertostepupproductionandensurethatitisutilized（利用）tothebestadvantage.Forexample,theymayencourageresearchinvariousways,includingthesettingupoftheirownresearchcenters;

theymayalterthestructureofeducation,orinterfereinordertoreducethewastageofnaturalresourcesordevelopresourceshitherto（到目前为止）unexploited;

ortheymaycooperatedirectlyinthegrowingnumberofinternationalprojectsrelatedtoscientificandtechnologicalmanpowerofallkinds.

Owingtotheremarkabledevelopmentinmass-communications,peopleeverywherearefeelingnewwantsandarebeingexposedtonewcustomsandideas,whilegovernmentsareoftenforcedtointroducestillfurtherinnovations（创新）forthereasonsgivenabove.Atthesametime,thenormalrateofsocialchangethroughouttheworldistakingplaceatavastlyacceleratedspeedcomparedwiththepast.Forexample,intheearlyindustrializedcountriesofEurope,theprocessofindustrialization—withallthefar-reachingchangesinsocialpatternsthatfollowed—wasspreadovernearlyacentury,whereasnowadaysadevelopingnationmayundergothesameprocessinadecadeorso.Allthishastheeffectofbuildingupunusualpressuresandtensionswithinthecommunityandconsequentlypresentsseriousproblemsforthegovernmentsconcerned.Additionalsocialstressesmayalsooccurbecauseofthepopulationexplosionorproblemsarisingfrommassmigrationmovements—themselvesmaderelativelyeasynowadaysbymodernmeansoftransport.Asaresultofallthesefactors,governmentsarebecomingincreasinglydependentonbiologistsandsocialscientistsforplanningtheappropriateprogramsandputtingthemintoeffect.

1）

Whatisbelievedtodirectlyaffectthewelfareofpeopleaccordingtothepassage?

A. 

Varyingmeasuresofcentralizedcontrol

B. 

Economicstrengthandwealthofthecommunity.

C. 

Economistsandoperationalresearchexperts.

D. 

Helpofspecializedscientists.

2）

Howcanthegovernmentsdotopromotetheproduction?

Byinterferingindifferentsectorsthatcanpromotescienceandtechnologytoensuresmoothoperation

Byaskingthescientistsandtechnologiststoimproveefficiency.

Byutilizingnaturalresourcestothebestadvantage.

Bychangingthestructureofeducationtotrainmorescientists.

3）

Whatcanbeinferredfromthedevelopmentinmass-communications?

Peopleareconstantlychangingtheircustomsandideas.

Peoplealwayswantsomethingnewandremarkabletofeelbetter.

Governmentsareundergreaterpressureofbringingaboutnewinventions.

Governmentsareoftenforcedtokeepupwithnewcustomsandideas.

4）

Whathasposedpressuresandproblemsforthegovernmentsconcernedaccordingtothepassage?

Socialchangesthroughouttheworldarespeedingupcomparedwiththepast.

Therateofsocialchangesintheearlyindustrializedcountriesisbecomingslownow.

Thefar-reachingchangesinsocialpatternscanbespreadoverinadevelopingcountrywithinadecade.

Thenormalrateofsocialchangesistakingplaceatasteadyspeed.

5）

Whyaregovernmentsbecomingincreasinglydependentonbiologistsandsocialscientists?

Becausegovernmentsneedtohandlesocialstressesandproblems.

Becausegovernmentswanttolearnfromearlyindustrializedcountries.

Becausegovernmentshavetomakemodernmeansoftransportrelativelyeasy.

Becausegovernmentsneedthemfortheindustrializationoftheirowncountries.

参考答案：

1） 

B 

2） 

A 

3） 

C 

4） 

5） 

解析：

（无）

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