教育心理学双语Word格式.docx

教育心理学双语Word格式.docx

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描述研究

Internalvalidity

内部效度

Actionresearch

行为研究

Externalvalidity

外部效度

Correlationalstudy

相关性研究

Controlgroup

对照组

Qualitativeresearches

定性研究

Quantitativeresearches

定量研究

Positivecorrelation

正相关

Questions

1.Whyiseducationalpsychologyvaluableforteachers?

为什么教育心理学对教师来说有价值？

Becauseaccordingtheeducationalpsychology,teachercanmakedecisionsbetter.Itprovidedteachersalanguagetodiscussourexperiencesandthinking.

2.Generallyspeaking,whatiseducationalpsychologyconcernedabout?

一般来说,教育心理学关注的是什么?

Thestudyof

1.Learners——thenatureofstudents

2.Learning——principlesoflearning

3.Teaching——methodsofteaching

U2HowPiagetViewDevelopment

schemes

格式

conservation

守恒

adaptation

适应

centration

自我中心化

assimilation

同化

reversibility

可逆性

accommodation

顺应

reflexes

反射

Cognitivestructure

认知结构论

Equilibration

平衡

1.ToPiaget,howdidonedevelopcognitively?

1.Knowledgecomesfromaction.

知识来自行动。

2.Developmentdependsonchild’smanipulationandactiveinteractionwiththeenvironment.

发展取决于孩子的行为以及环境的相互作用。

3.Achild’scognitiveabilitiesprogressthroughfourdistinctstages.

Eachstageischaracterizedbytheemergenceofnewabilitiesandwaysofprocessinginformation.

孩子的认知能力经过四个阶段的发展，每一个阶段的特点是新的能力和方法的出现。

2.AccordingtoPiaget’stheory,whatisthebestwaytotreatachild?

1.Toknowtheprocesschildrenusetogettotheanswerisasimportantastheresult.

知道孩子学习的过程和结果一样重要。

2.Children’sself-initiated,activeinvolvementinlearningactivitiesiscrucialtotheirrecognition.

孩子自己发现，积极参与学习活动对他们的认知发展极为重要。

3.Prematureeducationisnotnecessaryforchildren.

过早的学习对孩子来说是没有必要的

4.Childrendevelopatthesamesequencebutdifferentrates,soindividualsandsmallgroupactivitiesshouldbeproperlyarrangedinclass.

孩子成长按照相同的程序但是不同的速度，所以课堂活动安排要合理。

3.HowcanlearninghappenaccordingtoPiaget?

Accordingtopiaget,learningdependsonthisprocessofassimilationandaccommodation.

Assimilation——understandingnewexperiencesintermsofexistingschemes.

Accommodation——modifyingexistingschemestofitnewsituations.

U3HowVygotskyViewCognitiveDevelopment

signsystem

符号系统

ZPD

最近发展期

self-regulation

自我调节

scaffolding

支架教学

1.ToVygotsky,howdidonedevelopcognitively?

1.Developmentdependsonthesignsystemsthatindividualsgrowupwith.

2.Cognitivedevelopmentisstronglylinkedtoinputfromothers.Itisaprocessoflearningfromothersandinternalizing.

2.AccordingtoVygotsky’stheory,whatisthebestwaytotreatachild?

1.Readingisveryimportantinchildren’sintellectualdevelopment;

阅读对孩子智力发展十分重要

2.Imitationandcooperationisefficientwaysinchildren’sstudy;

模仿和合作是孩子学习的有效方式

3.TeachingisfindingtheproperZPDofchildren;

找到孩子的最近发展期

4.Encourageprivatespeechesduringsolvingtasks;

解决问题时鼓励自言自语

5.Teachthewayofdoingthingsinorderthatstudentscanknowhowtodo,notonlywhattodo.

教会学生如何去做而不是做什么

4.HowcanlearninghappenaccordingtoVygotsky?

Learningdependsontheprocessofself-regulation

Actionandsoundhaveameaning

Practice

Usingsignstothinkandsolveproblem

TOPIC4TheoryintoPractice

1.MakeabriefcomparisonbetweenPiaget’sandVygotsky’stheories.

Wheredotheyagreewitheachother?

1.Childrenareactive.

2.Trial-and-errorisalwaysawaytolearn.

3.Facingchallengeswillimproveone’sdevelopment.

4.Developingistoimproveone’swaysofthinking&

solvingproblems.

Wherearetheydifferent?

1.Developmentdependsoninteractionwiththeenvironmentormorecompetenthumanbeings.

2.LearningimprovesorDEPENDSONdevelopment.

3.Cognitivestructureorsignsystems.

4.Developmentbeginsfrombornabilityorsociety.

5.Assimilation&

accommodationorinternalization.

WhatisinitforUS?

1.Developmentisindependent.Nobodycantaketheplaceofanother.

2.Activeinteractionwithothersisthemaincause.

3.Adultscanhelpchildrenin2ways:

givingthemchancestotry&

handleerrors;

andhelpingthemwhentheyreallyneed（ZPD）.

2.Whatcanwedoinclassteachingaccordingtotheirtheory?

1.Itisnotagoodideatogetyourkidstositandlistenexceptreading.

2.Makingchancestogetyourkidstodosomethingbythemselvesisalwayshelpful.

3.Giveyourkidstasksindividuallyorinsmallgroupsifyoucan.ItisaproperwaytofindtheirZPDwherelearninghappens.

4.Trytogiveopportunitiesforyourkidstotalkinwhichyouwillfindoutwhenandhowtohelp（scaffolding）.

3.Whenplanningtoteach,whatshouldweconsideraccordingtotheirideas?

1.Whatcanthekidsdowiththeirhands?

2.Whathavetheyknownaboutmycontent?

3.CanI