国际贸易实务1PPT文档格式.ppt

国际贸易实务1PPT文档格式.ppt

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MarkingI.NameofGoodsItisabasisfordeliveryofgoods;

Ithasabearingontherightsanddutiesofbothimportersandexporters;

Itisnecessaryforthecontractorstostipulatethespecificationsbecausecommoditiesareofdifferentkinds,grades,andmodels.IIQualityofGoodsintrinsicqualityandoutsideshapeofthegoods,suchaschemicalcomposition,mechanicalperformance,biologicalfeatures,modeling,structure,colorandluster,andtasteofacommodity.（）MethodsDescribingQualityofGoods1.SalesbySampleSalesbySellersSampleSalesbyBuyersSample2.SalesbyDescriptionSalesbySpecificationsSalesbyGradeSalesbyStandardSalesbyBrandorTradeMarkSalesbyNameofOriginorbyGeographicalIndicationSalesbyDescriptionorIllustrationSalesasSeen1.SalesbySampleThequalityofthegoodsmustbeinaccordancewiththequalityofthesample.Itissuitableforcommoditiesthataredifficulttostandardizeandnormalize,suchasartsandcrafts.

（1）SalesbySellersSampleRepresentativeSample（OriginalSample,TypeSample）:

asamplewhichisrepresentativeofapopulation.DuplicateSample（KeepSample）:

aftersendingasampletothebuyer,thesellershouldretainanothersampleofthesamequalityforlaterreference.

（2）SalesbybuyersSample“SalesbybuyersSample”referstothatthesampleisprovidedbythebuyer.Asthebuyersarewellinformedofthetargetmarket,samplessuppliedbythemmaybettercatertotheneedoftheconsumersthere.CounterSample（ReturnSample）:

afterreceivingasamplebythebuyer,thesellerusuallyfirstduplicatesthesampleandthensendstheduplicatetothebuyerforconfirmation.Pointsforattention:

Thesellershouldtakesuchpracticalitiesintoconsiderationasrawmaterialsupply,processingtechnique,andavailableequipmenttoensureasoundfulfillmentofthecontract.2.SalebyDescription

（1）SalesbySpecifications:

ChinaNortheastSoybean2008NewCrop,F.A.Q:

Moisture15%max.Admixture1%max.Imperfectgranules7%max.Oilcontent17%max.

（2）SalebygradeFreshHenEggs,shelllightbrownandclean,eveninsizeGradeAA:

60-65gmpereggGradeA:

50-60gmpereggGradeB:

50-55gmpereggGradeC:

40-50gmpereggGradeD:

40-45gmpereggGradeE:

35-40gmperegg（3）SalebystandardFemaleMinkOvercoatFullLetOutMadeChineseStandardBodylength120x115cmTetracyclineHCLTablets（SugarCoated）250mg.B.P.1993FairAverageQuality（FAQ）&

GoodMerchantableQuality（G.M.Q）FAQ:

toindicatethequalityofagriculturalproductsareequaltotheaveragequalityofthecurrentcrop,recentshipment,etc.G.M.Q:

thesaleofgoodswhichareofaqualitysufficientlygoodtomeetthepurposeforwhichthebuyerintendstousethegoods,orforwhichthesellerintendsthattheyshouldbeused.（4）SalesbyBrandorTradeMarkAstothegoodswhosequalityisstable,reputationissoundandwithwhichthecustomersarequitefamiliar,wemaysellitbybrandortrademark.Example:

MalingBrandWorcestershireSauce（5）SalesbyNameofOriginorbyGeographicalIndicationItissuitableforsomeagriculturalproductsandby-productswhichenjoysahighreputationintheworldmarketandarerenownedfortheirtraditionalartsandspecialflavor.Example:

West-lakeLongjingTeaZhejiangOrigin（6）SalesbyDescriptionorIllustrationThequalityofsomecommodities,suchastechnologicalinstruments,electricmachines,etc.cannotbesimplyindicatedbyqualityindexes,insteaditisquitenecessarytoexplainindetailthestructure,material,performanceaswellasmethodofoperation.Ifnecessary,pictures,photos,etc.mustalsobeprovided.Thecontractmaystipulate:

“Qualityandtechnicaldataaretobestrictlyinconformitywiththedescriptionsubmittedbythebuyer”.（7）SalesasSeenItisasalemadeonthebasisthatthebuyerhasinspectedthegoodsandisbuyingthemasaresultofthisinspectionandnotonanyguaranteeofqualityorconditionbytheseller.Thesellerdoesnotguaranteeorimplythatthegoodsaresuitableforanyparticularpurpose.Itappliestosomespecialtypesofgoodssuchasjewelry,paintings,artsandcrafts.（）QualityClauseQualityclauseinasalescontractissubjecttothemethodusedindescribingthesubjectmatterofthecontract.Inthecaseof“SalesbySample”,inadditiontothedescriptionofcommodity,samplenumberandsendingdateshouldbeadded;

ifby“SalesbyDescription&

Illustration”,detailsofthecontentarerequired.1.ToleranceClause

（1）Thewording“Qualitytobeconsideredandbeingaboutequaltothesample”orsimilarexpressionsisaddedtothequalityclause.

（2）QualityToleranceThequalitytolerancereferstothequalitydeviationinternationallyrecognized.Example:

ChinaSesameSeedMoisture（max）8%;

OilContent52%basis.Shouldtheoilcontentofthegoodsactuallyshippedbe1%higherorlower,thepricewillbeaccordinglyincreasedordecreasedby1