英文文献阅读PPT推荐.ppt

英文文献阅读PPT推荐.ppt

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IF:

6.198Publication:

June2017Globalpatternsandtrendsinstomachcancerincidence:

Age,periodandbirthcohortanalysisGanfengLuo,YantingZhang,PiGuo,LiWang,YuanweiHuangandKeLiDepartmentofPublicHealth,ShantouUniversityMedicalCollege,Shantou,Guangdong51504111.Purposeandbackgroud2.MaterialandMethods3.Results4.Discussion21.PurposeandbackgroudPurpose（目的）:

TheaimofthisstudywastoprovideaglobalgeographicalpictureofSCincidenceandtemporaltrendsfrom1978to2007for38countriesprovidingdata,withanemphasisoncountry-andsex-specificdifferences.3Backgroud（背景）:

（1）SCisthethirdleadingcauseofcancerdeathandthefifthmostcommoncancerworldwide.Theabsolutenumberofnewcasesperyearisstillincreasing,causingabout1millionnewcasesin2012andrepresenting7%ofallcancers.

（2）TheSCincidencevariesgreatlybygeographyandsex（地理和性别）.Geographically,almosttwo-thirdsofallSCcasesoccurinAsia（specificallyJapanandChina）;

Sex-specificanalysisisalsocriticalforviewingtrendsandassociationsinepidemiology,especiallyinSC,oneofthemostcancersinwhichtheincidenceiswellknowntodifferbetweenthesexes.4（3）H.pylori（幽门螺杆菌）infectionisconsideredthemostimportantriskfactorofSC.However,SCdevelopmentcannotbeexplainedbyinfectionwithH.pylorialone,becauseSCdevelopsinonlyasmallproportionofpeoplewiththeinfection,between2%and5%.Therealsomightexitsomepotentialriskfactorswhichwestillcouldnotrecognize.（饮食、腌制食品、蔬菜水果、冰箱普及率）（4）Toevaluatetheeffectsofage,periodandbirthcohortontemporaltrends（时间趋势）,modernanalysismethodsarebasedonage-period-cohortmodels（年龄-时期-队列模型）,splittingthetemporalvariationsintothethreecomponentsofage,periodandbirthcohort.Inparticular,theeffectofbirthcohortmaybesignificantforgainingfurtherinsightintounderlyingcausalfactors.5Datasources:

（http:

/ci5.iarc.fr）,theCancerIncidenceFiveContinents;

/invs.santepubliquefrance.fr）,（http:

/ganjoho.jp）;

19countries;

Theremaining19countrieswithmorethanonecancerregistry;

Casesandpopulationdataofallregistrieswerepooledtoensurethelargestgeographiccoverageandobtainestimatednationalproportions.Atotalof38countriesworldwidewereincludedfromAfrica,Asia,Europe,theAmericasandOceania.Thesefivecontinentsweredividedinto11regions.（5大洲，11个区域，38个国家）2.MaterialandMethods6Methods:

FigureswereplottedbyusingSigmaPlotv12.5.ProducingtheJoinpointregressionmodelsinvolveduseoftheJoinpointRegressionProgramv4.3.1.0.TheageperiodcohortmodelanalysesandgraphsinvolveduseofAPCfitinStatav13（StataCorpLP,CollegeStation,TX）.7Sexdisparities（M:

F=1.53）exceptforUganda（M:

F=1.3）JapanwithhighestrateFrancewithgreatestsex（M:

F=2.7）3.Results8

（1）In20032007,SCincidencewashighestinEasternAsianandSouthAmericancountriesandlowestinSouth-WesternAsia,WesternEuropeanandOce-anacountries.

（2）Rateswereheterogeneouswithin11regions,rangingfrom6.1intheUnitedStatesto26.5inCostaRica（哥斯达黎加）formalesandfrom3.0intheUnitedStatesto15.0inCostaRicaforfemales.9（3）Formales,exceptforUgan-dainAfrica,allcountriesshow-edfavorabledecreasingtrends（19782007）.Austria（奥地利）hadlargestdecresingtrends;

JapanandIsraelhadonlyslight-lydecreasingtrends,sodidfemales.1011EuropecountriesIncidenceratesformostagegroupsuniformlydecreasedinsuccessivemaleandfemalebirthcohortsinmostcountries.（出生队列：

19001980年；

年龄段：

2584岁，5岁一组，12组；

non-Europecountries）1213EuropecountriesCohort-specificIRRsrapidlydecreasedwithsuccessivebirthcohortsinmostcountries,whereasIRRsamongrecentgenerationsplateauedinAustralia,Canada,CostaRica（哥斯达黎加）,Denmark,Germany,India,IsraelandevenincreasedinBrazil,Colombia,Iceland,NewZealand,Norway,UgandaandforUSwhitepeople.14non-Europecountries4.DiscussionDisparitiesintheincidenceandriskofSCpersistacrosscountriesandregionsworldwide.ThehighestratesoccurredinJapan,RussiaandCostaRicaformalesandinJapan,CostaRicaandEcuadorforfemales.ExceptforUgandainAfrica,allcountriesshowedfavorabletrendsbetween1978and2007forbothsexes.在1978到2007年，全球各国家和地区的SC发病率和风险存在差异。

男性最高比率发生在日本、俄罗斯和哥斯达黎加；

女性为日本、哥斯达黎加和厄瓜多尔。

除非洲的乌干达，所有国家两性之间胃癌发生率呈现出良好的下降趋势。

15

（1）Somemeta-analysisindicatedthattherelativeriskofSCdevelopingduesmokingwas1.62formalesand1.2forfemales.andheavyalcoholdrinking（4drinksperday:

RR1.2）.ThelowerSCincidenceforwomenthanmenmaybedueinparttotheirlowerexposuretoriskfactors.However,forexample,Ecuador,Finland,philippines,thailandandUganda,theratesinfemalesareclosetothoseformales.Theexplanationforthesesimilarratesinmalesandfemalesisnotclearbutmaysuggestthepresenceofunidentifiedriskfactors.Meta分析表明，胃癌发展的相对风险比，吸烟，男性为1.62和女性为1.2；

酗酒（每天四杯以上：

RR1.2）。

胃癌发病率女性比男性低部分原因是由于其较低的风险因素暴露。

然而，在厄瓜多尔、芬兰、菲律