江苏省13市全届高三英语任务型阅读期末分类汇编Word格式文档下载.docx

江苏省13市全届高三英语任务型阅读期末分类汇编Word格式文档下载.docx

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任务型阅读（共10小题；

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TheAgeofEnvy:

HowtoBeHappyWhenEveryoneElse'

sLifeLooksPerfect

Weliveintheageofenvy.Careerenvy,kitchenenvy,childrenenvy,foodenvy,upperarmenvy,holidayenvy.Younameit,there'

sanenvyforit.HumanbeingshavealwaysfeltwhatAristotledefinedinthe4thcenturyBCaspainatthesightofanother'

sgoodfortune,stirredbythefeelingof“thosewhohavewhatweoughttohave”．

Butwithsocialmedia,saysEthanKross,professorofpsychologyattheUniversityofMichigan,“envyisbeingtakentoanextreme.”Weareconstantlybombardedby“photoshoppedlives，”hesays,“andthatexertsatollonusthelikesofwhichwehaveneverexperiencedinthehistoryofourspecies.”

ClinicalpsychologicalRachelAndrewsayssheisseeingmoreandmoreenvyinherconsultingroom,frompeoplewho“can'

tachievethelifestyletheywantbutwhichtheyseeothershave.”OuruseofplatformsincludingFacebook,Twitter,InstagramandSnapchat,shesays,amplifies（放大）thisdeeplydisturbingpsychologicaldiscord（失调）,“Ithinkwhatsocialmediahasdoneismakeeveryoneaccessibleforcomparison，”sheexplains.“Inthepast,peoplemighthavejustenviedtheirneighbors,butnowwecancompareourselveswitheveryoneacrosstheworld.”

Andthosecomparisonsarenowmuchlessrealistic.Andrewhasobservedamongherpatientsthatknowingtheyarelookingataneditedversionofrealityisnodefenseagainsttheemotionalforceofenvy.“WhatInoticeisthatmostofuscanintellectualizewhatweseeonsocialmediaplatforms—weknowthattheseimagesandnarrativesthatarepresentedaren'

treal,wecantalkaboutitandrationalizeit—butonanemotionallevel,it'

sstillpushingbuttons.Ifthoseimagesornarrativestapintowhatweaspireto,butwhatwedon'

thave,thenitbecomesverypowerful.”

AccordingtoDryden,acognitivebehavioraltherapist,whenitcomestothekindofenvyinspiredbysocialmedia,therearetwofactorsthatmakeapersonmorevulnerable（易受伤害的）：

lowselfesteemanddeprivationintolerance,whichdescribestheexperienceofbeingunabletobearnotgettingwhatyouwant.Toovercomethis,hesays,thinkaboutwhatyouwouldteachachild.Theaimistodevelopaphilosophy,awayofbeingintheworld,whichallowsyoutorecognizewhensomeoneelsehassomethingthatyouwantbutdon'

thave,andalsotorecognizethatyoucansurvivewithoutit,andthatnothavingitdoesnotmakeyoulessworthyorlessofaperson.

Wecouldalsotrytochangethewaywehabituallyusesocialmedia.Krossexplainsthatmostthetime,peopleuseFacebookpassivelyandjustidly,lazilyreadinginsteadofposting,messagingorcommenting.“Thatisinterestingwhenyourealizeitisthepassiveusagethatissupposedtobemoreharmfulthantheactive.Thelinksbetweenpassiveusageandfeelingworseareveryrobust—wehavehugedatasetsinvolvingtensofthousandsofpeople，”hesays.Whileitislessclearhowactiveusageaffectswellbeing,theredoesseemtobeasmallpositivelink,heexplains,betweenusingFacebooktoconnectwithothersandfeelingbetter.

Drydendifferentiatesbetweenunhealthyenvyanditshealthyforms,which,hesays,“canbecreative.”Justashungertellsusweneedtoeat,thefeelingofenvy,ifwecanlistentoitintherightway,couldshowuswhatismissingfromourlivesthatreallymatterstous,Krossexplains.Andrewsays,“Itisaboutnamingitasanemotion,knowinghowitfeels,andthennotinterpretingitasapositiveoranegative,buttryingtounderstandwhatitistellingyouthatyouwant.Ifthatisachievable,youcouldtakeproperstepstowardsachievingit.Butatthesametime,askyourself,whatwouldbegoodenough？

”

Introduction

●（71）______isthefeelingthatyouwishyouhadsomethingthatsomeoneelsehas.

●Itwas（72）______byAristotleasthepainofseeinganother'

sgoodfortune,stirredbythefeelingof“thosewhohavewhatweoughttohave”.

Newproblemswithenvyintheageofsocialmedia

●Socialmediaistakingenvytoanextremebymakingeveryoneaccessiblefor（73）______.

●Peoplearesomuchdisturbedbyenvythatanincreasingnumberofthemhavetoconsultdoctors.

●Fullknowledgeoffalsecomparisonsstillcan'

t（74）______peoplefromenvy,andthosewithlowselfesteemanddeprivationintolerancearemorelikelytofall（75）______.

Possiblewaysto（76）______thepain

●Learntorecognizethatit'

s（77）______thatsomeoneelsehassomethingyouwantbutdon'

thave.

●Learntorecognizethatwithoutthethingyoucanstillsurviveandyouarestillausefulperson.

●Changethewayweusesocialmediafromjustpassivelyreadingto（78）______posting,