外文翻译美国安全生产体系在我国煤矿的应用Word文件下载.docx

外文翻译美国安全生产体系在我国煤矿的应用Word文件下载.docx

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Abstract:

China'

sCoalMineSafetyProductioninthelegalsystemisimperfect,backwardtechnology,ineffectivesupervision,laxenforcementandotherissues,andtheU.S.coalmineproductionsafetylegislationclosely,vigorouslawenforcement,advancedtechnologyandimprovegovernmentservices.Therefore,ChinashouldlearnfromU.S.coalmineproductionsafetyruleoflawexperienceandimprovecoalmineproductionsafetylegalsystemandstrictenforcementofCoalMineSafety,improvetherelevantsupportingsystems.

Keywords:

coalmineproductionsafety;

ruleoflaw,legalsystem

First,theU.S.coalmineproductionsafetyanalysisoftheruleoflaw

（A）improvetheminesafetyandhealthregulations

Oncoalmineproductionsafety,theUnitedStatessince1891Congresspassedthefirstadministrationoftheminesafetyregulationssofarhasdrawnupmorethan10laws,moreandmorehighsafetystandards,haveestablishedacomprehensivesystem,improvethefunctionofoccupationalsafetyandhealthlawsSystem.In1969theU.S.federalgovernmentenactedthe"

FederalCoalMineHealthandSafetyAct,"

thaneverbeforeafederalminingindustryboundbylawsandregulationsmorecomprehensiveandstringent.In1977the"

FederalMineSafetyandHealthLaw,"

istheU.S.federalgovernmentonnationalminesafetyandhealthmanagementsupervisionofthesupremelaw.InthisopeningchapteroftheNationalAssemblyreaffirmedthebeginningofthepoints:

1,coalandotherminesitisessentialthatitsmostpreciousresources-thehealthandsafetyofminers;

2,wemustadopteffectivemeansandmeasurestoimprovethecountry'

scoalminesandotherworkingconditions,topreventpersonalaccidentsandoccupationaldiseases;

3,themineoperatorstoavoidthemineunsafeandharmfultohealthintheworkingconditionsandoperationshavetheprimaryresponsibilityofthislawalsoestablishedthefollowingbasicprinciples:

First,regularsafetyinspectionsofeachundergroundcoalmineseachyearmustArefoursecuritychecks,twoopencastminemustacceptinspections,followedbytheaccidentaccountabilitysystem,whentherecasualties,thereportissuedbytheinvestigatingofficersmustbespecifiedresponsibilityanddeliberatelyviolatetheBillofthoseresponsiblewillbeliabletoafineorImprisonment;

thirdissafetyinspection"

raid"

system,anysecuritychecksaheadofleakinginformation,willbepunishedbyafineorimprisonment;

fourthinspectionandminingequipmentsuppliersrelatedresponsibilitysystem,theinspectionstaffIssuedbymisleadingtheerrorreport,miningequipmentsupplierstoprovideunsafeequipment,maybepunishedbyafineorimprisonment.TheUnitedStatesinthe1970sbeforeandaftertheaccidentinvestigationreportshowedthat85percentoftheaccidentwasduetothestaffof"

unsafebehavior"

causedby,becauseofthis,intheUnitedStates"

CodeofFederalvolumesofmineralresources"

intheminestaff,includingoperatorsoftheAdetailedtrainingrequirementforallstaffreceivetrainingpriortoemploymentthrough,minersmustbeatleastayeartoreceiveeighthoursoftrainingevery12monthstoacceptadealwithdangeroustraining,director,Foremanmust,asanorganofthestateappraisal,Thecertificatecanbeissuedtothestatecoalmineintheoffice,butafterayearjobtoreceiveretraining,embodiestheconceptofcorporatetraining.Withthisserieswiththestringentrequirementsofagoodandworkabletheimplementationofthelaw,U.S.coalproductioncausedbytheaccidentdeathsdroppedtothelowestintheworld,hasputanendtoabasickilledtwopeopleovertheincident.September1995,theU.S.MineSafetyandHealthSupervisionBureauformulatedthe"

coalminesafetymonitoringprocedures,"

DetailedprovisionsoftheCoalMineSafetySupervisionintheperformanceofitsdutiesmustfollowtheprocedures

（B）strictenforcementofCoalMineSafetySupervision

First,tightsecuritymonitoringmechanism.Inthefieldoflawenforcement,theU.S.coalmineproductionsafetysupervisionagenciesstressedtheindependenceofitssuccesstotheverticalstructureofcoalminesafetysupervisionandmanagementsystem,rotationofthepersonnelsystemofsupervision,Thunder-monitoringlawenforcementandmonitoringmechanismstopreventStaffandminers,localgovernmentformedallianceofcommoninterests.UndertheMiningSafetyandHealthBureauofCoalMineSafetyandHealthOfficeisafederalagency,whichisbelowl1regionalofficesand65MineOffice,theOfficeoftheminersandnointerest,andthestates,notsubordinatetothecountygovernmentRelations,securityaroundthefederalombudsmanmustrotateeverytwoyearsswap.Anycoalmineinmorethanthreedeaths,thelocalsecurityOmbudsmanshalln