东大15秋学期《大学英语三》在线作业3 100分答案文档格式.docx

东大15秋学期《大学英语三》在线作业3 100分答案文档格式.docx

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40V1.Believeitornot,opticalillusion

（错觉）cancuthighwaycrashes.

Japanisacaseinpoint.Ithasreducedautomobilecrashesonsomeroads

bynearly75percentusingasimpleopticalillusion.Bentstripes,called

chevrons（人字形）,paintedontheroadsmakedriversthinkthattheyare

drivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowdown.

NowtheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyin

WashingtonD.C.isplanningtorepeatJapan’ssuccess.Startingnextyear,

thefoundationwillpaintchevronsandotherpatternsofstripeson

selectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatternsreduce

highwaycrashes.

Excessivespeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfatal

trafficaccidents,accordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethose

accidents,thefoundationwillconductitstestsinareaswhere

speed-relatedhazardsarethegreatest---curves,exitslopes,traffic

circles,andbridges.

Somestudiessuggestthatstraight,horizontalbarspaintedacrossroads

caninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.However,traffic

oftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedtoseeing

thepaintedbars.

Chevrons,scientistssay,notonlygivedriverstheimpressionthatthey

aredrivingfasterthantheyreallyarebutalsomakealaneappeartobe

narrower.Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedand

thenumberoftrafficaccidents.1）.Thepassagemainlydiscusses

__________.

A.anewwayofhighwayspeedcontrol

B.anewpatternforpaintinghighways

C.anewapproachtotrainingdrivers

D.anewtypeofopticalillusion

正确答案：

A满分：

2分得分：

2

2）.Onroadspaintedwithchevrons,driverstendtofeelthat__________.

A.theyshouldavoidspeed-relatedhazards

B.theyaredrivinginthewronglane

C.theyshouldslowdowntheirspeed

D.theyareapproachingthespeedlimit

C满分：

3）.Theadvantageofchevronsoverstraight,horizontalbarsisthatthe

former___________.

A.cankeepdriversawake

B.cancutroadaccidentsinhalf

C.willhavealongereffectondrivers

D.willlookmoreattractive

4）.TheAmericanAutomobileAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafety

Plansto__________.

A.tryouttheJapanesemethodincertainareas

B.changetheroadsignsacrossthecountry

C.replacestraight,horizontalbarswithchevrons

D.repeattheJapaneseroadpatterns

5）.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutstraight,horizontalbarspainted

acrossroads?

A.TheyarefallingoutofuseintheUnitedStates

B.Theytendtobeignoredbydriversinashortperiodoftime.

C.Theyareapplicableonlyonbroadroads.

D.Theycannotbeappliedsuccessfullytotrafficcircles.

B满分：

2.ThetreatmentofaBritishstudenthascausedamajorpoliticaland

mediastorminBritain.Thestudent,LauraSpence,wonascholarshipto

HarvardbutwasrejectedbyOxfordUniversity.ThewholeofBritainhas

beendrawnintodebate,withpeopleurginguniversitiesto“opentheir

doorstopeoplefromallpartsofsociety.”

Onthesurface,thefussisaboutdiscrimination（歧视）inBritish

society.TheBritishmediahascreatedafiercecontroversyoverOxford’s

admissionprocedures.Internationalpresscommentshavebeenmorecynical,

claimingthattheLauraSpencestoryisindicative（预示的）ofthetypical

Britishproblemofclassandarrogance—areminderthata

backward-lookingBritainisstillaliveandwell.

Ithinkallofthesecomments,howevervalid,missthelargerpicture.

Likesomanyotherpartsofourlivesthesedays,educationhasbecomea

globalenterprise.Thebraindrainisauniversalphenomenon,and

countriesthatdon’tfaceuptothenewrealitywillbelosingsomeof

theirmostpreciousresources.ThereisagrowingtrendofBritish

students’takingdegreesinAmericanuniversities.Thisyearthenumber

willbreakthepsychologicalbarrierof1,000studentsforthefirsttime.

Today’sstudentshaveaverydifferentviewoneducationfromtheir

parents’.Becauseoftelevision,theInternetandtheirowntravels,these

studentsseetheworldasamuchsmallerplacethantheirparentsonce

did.Theyaremoreconfidentinacceptingthechallengeofmovingfromone

countrytoanother,fromoneculturetoanother.Inthecontextofstudent

globe-trotters（环球旅行者）,asworld-classBritishuniversitieslikeOxford

suddenlyfindthemselvesfightingoverBritishstudentswiththeHarvards

oftheworld,theyfacemajorchallenges.ItisnotsimplythatHarvardis

awealthierinstitution.Harvardalsooffersadifferenteducational

experience,stress