高中英语Unit 1 The world of our sensesGrammar and UsageWord文件下载.docx

高中英语Unit 1 The world of our sensesGrammar and UsageWord文件下载.docx

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Examples:

Hesaidthathewouldnotcome.

Wewereallcurioustoknowwhathehaddone.

Nobodyknowswhentheregistrationwillbegin.

Weallwantedtofindoutwhothewinnerwas.

Whomtheywereincontactwithonthedayoftherobberyisofgreatinteresttothepolice.

Janeisnotsurewhichuniversitysheshouldapplyfor.

Thejudgeshadahardtimedecidingwhosepaintingwasthebest.

Howthebabyfellfromthewindowisamystery.

Theyaskedtheboywhyhehadhithisclassmate.

Whetheryoulikeitornotisnottheissue.

UsesofNounClauses

NounClausescanbeusedinthefollowingways:

Asthesubjectofaverb

Whyshekeptoncrying

puzzled

everyone.

nounclause

mainverb

b.Astheobject

Nobody 

knows 

howhegotinvolvedinganglandactivities

verb

c.Asthecomplementoftheverb"

tobe"

orpredicative

Whatweareworriedaboutisthathemayhaveanotherheartattack.

Thequestioniswhytheycouldescapethroughthefrontdoorwhenthereweresomanyguardsthere.

ANotetoStudents:

Therearesomecommonerrorsamongmanystudentswhentheyusenounclausesinsentences.Herearesomeoftheerrors:

1.Inversionstructurewithinthenounclause

:

Whereistheplaceisstillnotclear.

Intheaboveexample,theinversionstructureisusedinwhichthesubject（theplace）isprecededbyaverb（is）.Mistakeslikethisreflectthetendencyofstudentstomistakeinterrogativewordslikewhere,when,why,how,etc.whenusedinnounclausesforthoseusedinquestions,asin"

Whereisthewallet?

"

.

Itshouldthereforebenotedthatthestructuralcomponentsofanounclausearetheorderofastatementor"

Subject+Verb"

asin:

Whatyoudoisterrible. 

Whateveryousaywillinterestusall.

However,thereisanexceptiontotherule.Oneshouldnotethatanounclausethatbeginswithwhatcanalsobeimmediatelyfollowedbyafiniteverb,withouthavingasubject,asinthefollowing:

Whathasbeendiscussedinthemeetingwillremainasecret.

Heaskedmewhatwasthematterwithme.

2.Nomainverbinthesentence

Sincenounclausesveryoftenservetoemphasizeaparticularideainasentence,manystudentstendtothinkthattheirfunctionistoemphasizeonlyandthattherearenostrictrulestofollowwhenusingthem.Thisisamisconception.Lookatthefollowingsentence:

Whattheylikeluxurygoods.

Intheabovesentence,thestudentmayhavethoughtthat"

like"

mayfunctionasthemainverbofthesentence.Since"

Theylikeluxurygoods"

isacompletesentence,andthat"

what"

isonlyanemphasizer,sothestudentmaythinkthatthesentenceiscorrect.Inthiscase,thestudenthasforgottenthatthestructuralcomponentsofanounclauseare"

（asin"

Whattheysay"

）,andmistakentheverb"

withinthenounclauseasthemainverbofthewholesentence,therebyproducingasentencethatdoesnothaveamainverb.

Itshouldbenotedthatalltheseinterrogativeslikewhy,who,when,how,whether...etc,althoughtheyserveasemphasizers,beginaclausewhosestructuralcomponentsaresubjectandverb.Thismeansthattheverbinsidetheclause,inthiscasetheverb"

cannotfunctionasthemainverbofasentence.Inthefollowingsentence,"

is"

isthemainverbofthesentenceand"

isthefiniteverbwithinthenounclause.

Whattheylikeisluxurygoods.

3.Mistakingwhere,when,why,how,etc.fortherelativepronoun"

which"

Iliveinabuildingwhichhas40storeys.

Iliveinabuildingwherehas40storeys.

Ifyoureallywanttouse"

where"

insteadof"

intheabovesentence,followthestructuralruleofnounclause:

"

Subject+verb"

:

Iliveinabuildingwherethereare40storeys.

Somestudentssee"

and"

asequivalentwhentheyareusedasrelativepronouns.Yet,"

bearsimilarmeaningandrequiredifferentstructuralcomponentswhentheyareusedasrelativepronouns.

1.lookatsomeexamples:

1）Atlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatthemistwouldbecomeathickfogintheafternoon.

2）Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.

3）Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.

4）Whatsurprisedmemostwasthattheoldmancouldn’tseeanything.

Asyoucansee,thefunctionoftheseunderlined