新世纪研究生英语英语听说lesson1到7的原文Word文档格式.docx

新世纪研究生英语英语听说lesson1到7的原文Word文档格式.docx

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Passage1AmericanMusic

OneofAmerica'

smostimportantexportsishermodernmusic.Americanmusicisplayedallovertheworld.Itisenjoyedbypeopleofallagesineverycountry.AlthoughthelyricsareinEnglish,peoplewhodon'

tspeakEnglishcanenjoyittoo.Thereasonsforitspopularityareitsfastpaceandrhythmicbeat.

MusichasmanyoriginsintheUnitedStates.Countrymusic,comingfromtheruralareasinthesouthernUnitedStates,isonesource.Countmusicfeaturessimplethemesandmelodiesdescribingday-to-daysituationsandthefeelingsofcountrypeople.Manypeopleappreciatethismusicbecauseoftheemotionsexpressedbycountrymusicsongs.

AsecondoriginofAmericanpopmusicistheblues.ItdepictsmostlysadfeelingreflectingthedifficultlivesofAmericanblacks.Itisusuallyplayedandsungbyblackmusicians,butitispopularwithallAmericans.

Rockmusicisanewerformofmusic.Thismusicstyle,featuringfastandrepetitiousrhythms,wasinfluencedbythebluesandcountrymusic.Itwasfirstknownasrock-and-rollinthe1950s.Sincethen,therehavebeenmanyformsofrockmusic:

hardrock,softrockandothers.Manyperformersofrockmusicareyoungmusicians.

Americanpopmusicismarketedtoademandingaudience.Nowpopsongsareheardontheradioseveraltimesaday.Somesongshavebecomepopularallovertheworld.PeoplehearthesesongssungintheiroriginalEnglishorsometimestranslatedintootherlanguages.Thewordsmaydifferbuttheenjoymentofthemusicisuniversal.

Passage2MusicinDifferentCultures

Inwesternculture,musicisregardedasgoodbybirth,andsoundsthatarewelcomearesaidtobe"

musictotheears"

.Insomeothercultures,forexample,thelslamicculture,itisoflittlevalue,associatedwithsinandevil,IntheWestandinthehighculturesofAsia,itissaidthattherearethreetypesofmusic.Firstclassicalmusic,composedandperformedbytrainedprofessionalsoriginallyunderthesupportofcourtsandreligiousestablishments;

second,folkmusic,sharedbythepopulationatlargeandpassedonorally;

andthird,popularmusic,performedbyprofessionals,spreadthroughradio,television,records,film,andprint,andconsumedbythemasspublic.

Musicisamajorcomponentinreligiousservices,theater,andentertainmentofallsorts.Themostuniversaluseofmusicisasapartofreligiousrituals.Insometribalsocieties,musicappearstoserveasaspecialformofcommunicationwithsupernaturalbeings,anditsprominentuseinmodernChristianandJewishservicesmaybetheleftoverofjustsuchanoriginalpurpose.Anotherlessobviousfunctionofmusicissocialadherence.Formostsocialgroups,musiccanserveasapowerfulsymbol.Membersofmostsocietiessharekeenfeelingsastowhatkindofmusicthey"

belongto"

:

Indeed,someminoritiesincluding,intheU.S.A.,blackAmericansandEuro-Americangroupsusemusicasamajorsymbolofgroupidentity.Musicalsosymbolizesmilitary,patrioticandfunerarymoodsandevents.Inamoregeneralsense,musicmayexpressfifescentralsocialvaluesofasociety.Inwesternculture,theinterrelationshipofconductorandorchestrasymbolizestheneedforstrongcooperationamongvariouskindsofspecialistsinamodernindustrialsociety.

Passage3

Musiccomesinmanyforms;

manycountrieshaveastyleoftheirown.Polandhasitsfolkmusic.Hungaryhasitsczardas.Argentinaisfamousforthetango.TheU.S.isknownforjustatypeofmusicthathasgainedworldwidepopularity.

JazzisAmerican'

scontributiontopopularmusic.WhileclassicalmusicfollowsformalEuropeantradition,jazzisaratherfreeform.Itisfullofenergy,expressingthemoods,interests,andemotionsofthepeople.Inthe1920sjazzsoundedlikeAmerica.Andsoitdoestoday.

Theoriginsofjazzareasinterestingasthemusicitself.JazzwasinventedbyblackAmericans,whowerebroughttothesouthernstatesasslaves.Theyweresoldtofarmownersandforcedtoworklonghoursinthecottonandtobaccofields.Theworkwashardandlifewasshort,Whenaslaverdiedhisfriendsandrelativeswouldgatherandcarrythebodytohaveaceremonybeforetheyburiedhim.

Therewasalwaysabandwiththem.Onthewaytotheceremony,thebandplayedslowsolemnmusicsuitableforthesituation.Butonthewayhome,themoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Everyonewashappy.Deathhadremovedoneoftheirmembers,butthelivingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayedhappymusic.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.Thiswasanearlyformofjazz.

MusichasalwaysbeenimportanttoAfrican-Americans.Thepeople,whowereunwillinglybroughttoAmericafromWestAfrica,hadarichmusicaltradition.Inthefields,theymadeupworksongs.Singingmadethehardworkgofaster.AndwhentheyacceptedChristianity,t