定语从句精讲精练+解析文档格式.doc
《定语从句精讲精练+解析文档格式.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《定语从句精讲精练+解析文档格式.doc(16页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
4.介词+关系代词用法
5.不定代词∕数词+ofwhich∕whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其结构与并列句的判断
6.关系词间的转换及选用
认识:
Handsomeboys=theboyswhoarehandsome
Beautifulflowers=theflowerswhicharebeautiful
二.限制性定语从句:
限制性定语从句:
这种从句和主句的关系十分密切,写时不可用逗号分开。
限制性定语从句常由that,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why,as引导。
(一)关系词:
关系代词和关系副词
1.关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词:
that,who,whom,which,whose
用法:
先行词
人
物
人+物
主语
who,that
which,that
that
宾语
whom,who,that
定语
whose
whose,of+which
/
注意:
(1).限制性定语从句中只能用that不用which的情况:
a.先行词为不定代词everything,anything,nothing,something,all,much,little,none,few,some等不定代词修饰时用that。
Hedideverythingthathecouldtohelpus.
ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.
b.先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时用that。
ThisisthebestbookthatI’veeverread.
ThisisthefirstthingthatIwanttosay.
c.当先行词是oneof,theone,或者先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,few,just等修饰时用that。
Itistheonethatyouwant.
Allthethingsthatwecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.
ItistheonlythingthatIliketodo.
d.当先行词包含了指人和物两方面的含义时用that。
Theytalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthattheyknewintheschool.
e.在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中,用that
Whoisthemanthatspoketoyouatthegate?
Whichisthestarthatisnearesttotheearth?
f.先行词是主句的表语且关系代词在从句中作表语时用that。
Heisnottheboythatheusedtobe.
Chinaisnolongerthecountrythatitusedtobe.
(2).限制性定语从句中只用which不用that的情况:
a.在非限制性定语从句中
Shedidn’tpasstheexam,whichmadehersad.
b.关系代词前有介词时
ThisistheroominwhichLuXunlived.
c.先行词本身是that
Theclockisthatwhichtellsthetime.
(3).限制性定语从句中只用who不用that的情况:
a.当先行词是指人的those,anyone,everyone,people,he,all,one,few等不定代词时,引导词用who而不用that.
Iamwillingtohelpthosewhoareintrouble.
b.在therebe句型中,先行词指人,关系词用who
Thereisanoldmanwhosaysheisyouruncle.
练习一.
(一)用定语从句将两个分句连接起来
1.Theeggswerenotfresh.Iboughtthemyesterday.
2.Thefriendwasnothungry.Hecametosupperlastnight.
3.Helikesthecheese.Itcomesfromhisparent’sfarm.
4.Thenoodlesweredelicious.Youcookedthem.
5.Idon’tlikethepeople.Theysmokealot.
(二)用适当的关系代词填空
1.Thegirls________servedintheshopweretheowner'
sdaughters.
2.Theladderon________Iamstandingwasboughtinthesupermarket.
3.Thegirl_____________________Ispoketowasastudent.
4.Hehidesallthepeopleandthings________heknows.
5.Hesawahouse________windowswereallbroken.
6.Alltheapples________fallareeatenbywildbears.
7.Canyouthinkofanyone________couldlookafterhim?
8.Thisisthebestrestaurant________Ihaveknown.
9.Heshowedamachine________partsaretoosmalltobeseen.
10.Youcantakeanyroom________youlike.
翻译:
1.所需要的只是一张纸和一支笔.
2.我发现那些围在我身边的孩子们在争吵.
3.我决定接受那位独自居住的老奶奶的帮助.
4.我相信这正就是可以让AK爸爸开心的生日礼物.
5.AK总是买她同学喜欢喝的旺仔牛奶.
2.关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词:
when,where,why
关系副词
指示对象
充当成分
例句
when
时间
状语
I'
llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou
Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.
where
地点
ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.
ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown
ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.
why
原因
Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.
Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.
关系代词与关系副词的关系
关系副词=介词+关系代词
=during/on/in/...which(介词同先行词搭配)
Ishallneverforgetthedaywhenwefirstmet
Ishallneverforgetthedayonwhichwefirstmet.
=in/a/on/...which(介词同先行词搭配)
BeijingistheplacewhereIwasborn.
BeijingistheplaceinwhichIwasborn.
=forwhich(先行词一般是reason)
Isthisthereasonwhyherefusedouroffer?
Isthisthereasonforwhichherefusedouroffer?
当先行词虽然表示时间、地点或原因,而关系词在从句中作主语、宾语而不是状语时,不可用when,where或why,而应该用that或which。
区别如下:
1.I’llneverforgetthedayswhenweworkedtogether.
2.I’llneverforgetthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.(spend是及物动词,后接宾语)
3.IwenttothetownwhereIlivedtenyearsago.
4.Iwenttotheplacewhich/thatIvisitedtenyearsago.(visit是及物动词,后接宾语)
5.Thisisthereasonwhyhewaslate.
6.Thisisthereasonwhich/thathegave.(give是及物动词,后接宾语)
考点三:
theway用做先行词
theway做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语:
缺少主语或宾语:
引导词用that/which/不填(缺宾语时)
主语宾语都不缺:
引导词用that/inwhich/不填
1.Thewaythat/inwhich/不填heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.
2.Thewaythat/which/不填heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.
练习二.
(一)选择题
1.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyears,hereturnedtothesmalltown____hegrewupasachild.
A.whi