剑桥商务英语中级全真模拟考试一Word下载.docx
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2012年剑桥商务英语中级全真模拟试题
(一)
PARTONE
Lookatthestatementsbelowandthearticleaboutthedevelopmentoffuturebusinessleadersontheoppositepage.
Whichsectionofthearticle(A,B,CorD)doeseachstatement(1-7)referto?
Youwillneedtousesomeoftheselettersmorethanonce.
1Managersneedtotakeactiontoconvincehigh-flyersoftheirvaluetothefirm.
2Organisationsneedtolookbeyondthehigh-flyerstheyarecurrentlydeveloping.
3Thereisaconcernthatfirmsinvestingintrainingforhigh-flyersmaynotgainthebenefitsthemselves.
4Managersneedexpertassistancefromwithintheirownfirmsindevelopinghigh-flyers.
5Firmscurrentlyidentifyhigh-flyerswithoutthesupportofaguidancestrategy.
6Managersarefrequentlytoobusytodealwiththedevelopmentofhigh-flyers.
7Firmswhoworkhardontheirreputationasanemployerwillinteresthigh-flyers.
TheStarsoftheFuture
A.Existingmanagementresearchdoesnottellusmuchabouthowtofindanddevelophigh-flyers,thosepeoplewhohavethepotentialtoreachthetopofanorganisation.Asaresult,organisationsarelefttoformulatetheirownsystems.Amoreeffectiveoverallpolicyfordevelopingfutureleadersisneeded,whichiswhytheLondonBusinessSchoolhaslaunchedtheTomorrow'
sLeaders
ResearchGroup(TLRG).Thegroupcontainsrepresentativesfrom20firms,andmeetsregularlytodiscusstheleadershipdevelopmentoftheorganisations'
high-flyers.
B.TLRGrecognisesjusthowsignificantlinemanagersareintheprocessofleadershipdevelopment.Unfortunately,withtoday'
sflatorganisations,wheremanagershavefunctionalaswellasmanagerialresponsibilities,peopledevelopmentalltoooftenfallsvictimtoheavyworkloads.Onemanagerintheresearchgroupwasunconvincedbythelogicofsendinghisbestpeopleawayondevelopmentcourses,'
onlytoseethempoachedbyanotherdepartmentor,worsestill,anotherfirm'
.Thisfearoflosinghigh-flyersrunsdeepintheorganisationsthatmakeuptheresearchgroup.
C.TLRGarguesthatthetaskofmanagementisnotnecessarilyaboutemployeeretention,butaboutcreating'
attractioncentres'
.|Wemusthelplinemanagerstorealisethatiftheircompaniesareknownasonesthatdeveloptheirpeople,theywillhaveagreaterappealtohigh-flyers,'
saidoneadvisor.Furthermore,selectingpeoplefor,say,aleadershipdevelopmentprogrammeisasignofcommitmentfrommanagementtoanindividual.Loyaltycanthenbemoreeasilydemandedinreturn.
D.TLRGhasconcludedthatacompany'
sHRspecialistsneedtotakeactionandengagewithlinemanagersindividuallyabouttheirroleinthedevelopmentofhigh-flyers.Indeed,inordertobenefitfullyfromtraininghigh-flyersastheseniormanagersofthefuture.firmsmustactuallyaddressthedevelopmentofallmanagerswhowillbesupportingthehigh-flyers.Withoutthis,managerswillnotbeinapositiontogiveappropriateadvice.Andwheneventuallythehigh-flyersdomoveon,newoneswillbeneededtoreplacethem.Thenextchallengewillbetofindanewgenerationofhigh-flyers.
PARTTWO
Readthearticlebelowaboutpossiblereasonsforacquiringacompany.
Choosethebestsentencefromtheoppositepagetofilleachofthegaps.
Donotuseanylettermorethanonce.
ACOUISITION
Whenshouldacompanyconsideracquisitionasawayforward?
Therearemanycircumstancesinwhichacompanymaywishtotakeoveranotherorganisationthroughanacquisition.Theneedtokeepupwithachangingenvironmentoftendominatesthinkingaboutacquisitions.Onecompellingreasontodevelopbyacquisitionisthespeedwithwhichitallowsthecompanytoenternewproductormarketareas.Thisisparticularlytrueofe-commerce.
Thestrengthofcompetitorsmayinfluenceacompanytochooseacquisitionasawayforward.Inmarketsthatarestaticandwheremarketsharesofcompaniesarereasonablysteady,itcanbedifficultforacompanytobreakintothemarket,sinceitspresencemaycreateexcesscapacity.
(1)
Thesameargumentsalsoapplywhenanestablishedsupplierinanindustryacquiresacompetitor.Thismayeitherbetogainthecompetitor'
smarketshareor,insomecases,toshutdownitscapacityinordertorestoreasituationwheresupplyanddemandaremorebalanced.
Theremaybefinancialmotivesforacquisition.Ifthesharevalueofacompanyishigh,themotivemaybetospotandacquireafirmwithalowsharevalue.
(2)Anextremeexampleisassetstripping,wherethemainmotivefortheacquisitionisshort-termgainbybuyingupundervaluedassetsandsellingthemonbitbybit.
Theremayalsoberesourceconsiderations.Theremaybealackofresourcesorskillstocompetesuccessfully.Sotheymustbeacquired.(3)