杭师大招考硕士研究生入学课程二四三试题Word文件下载.docx

杭师大招考硕士研究生入学课程二四三试题Word文件下载.docx

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考试科目名称：

二外英语

说明：

考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。

PartIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（2×

10=20points）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsontheAnswerSheet.

Forquestions1-7,mark

Y（forYES）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;

N（forNO）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;

NG（forNOTGIVEN）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.

Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

IsYourLifeWorth30MinutesaDay?

Don’tbeafraidoftheEword—itcouldmeanyoursurvival.Peoplewhoaren’tengaginginregularexercisecanreapsignificanthealthbenefitsiftheyaccumulate30minutesofmoderate-intensityphysicalactivitymostdaysoftheweek.

Whatcanhelppreventstroke（中风）,heartdiseaseandsomecancer?

Whatcanliftdepression，easearthritis（关节炎）painandincreaseboththelengthandqualityoflife—tonamejustafewofitsbenefits?

“Ifpackedintoapill,”sumsupDr.RobertButler,formerdirectoroftheNationalInstituteonAging,“itwouldbethesinglemostwidelyprescribed（写处方）andbeneficialmedicineinthenation.“Bestofall,itisfreeandavailabletoeveryone.”

ExerciseCanHelpPeopleStayHealthy

Giveup?

TheansweristheEword:

exercise.Butyoudon’thavetochangeintogymshortsor,heavenforbid,sweatforanhour.Instead,theU.S.SurgeonGeneral’sreportPhysicalActivityandHealthoffersthissimpleexerciseprescription:

peoplewhoaren’tengaginginregularexercisecanreapsignificanthealthbenefitsiftheyaccumulate30minutesofmoderate-intensityphysicalactivitymostdaysoftheweek.

AmericansExpendMuchLessEnergyandTimeonExercise

Americanstodayexpendmuchlessenergythandidpreviousgenerations,perhapsasmuchasafewhundredcaloriesperdayless.Allthe“advances”thatmakeourliveseasier—likee-commerce（电子商务）,andautomaticdoors—contributetothecurrentepidemic（流行病）ofobesity（肥胖）andrelateddisease.

Expertssaythatifyouexpendjusttenextracaloriesadaybybeingmoreactive,overayearyoucanloseapound—mostlyfat.Andifyouburn150extracaloriesaday—theequivalentofa30-minutes’walk—inayearthat’stenpounds.（Ifyoualsoeat150caloriesless—that’sabouthalfacandybar—youcouldloseanadditionaltenpounds.）

Thesadfactisthatonlyabout15percentofAmericanadultsengageregularlyinvigorousphysicalactivityforatleast20minutesthreetimesaweek.Morethan60percentarenotregularlyphysicallyactive,and25percentaretotallysedentary（久坐的）.

TheBenefitofModerateExercise

Yetthebenefitsofmoderateexerciseareamazing.Considerhowexercisehelpsthefollowing:

diabetes（糖尿病）.ThenumberofAmericansdiagnosedwithdiabeteshasincreasedsixfoldsince1958,toarecordhighoftenmillionpresentedby.Thisalarmingriseislinkedtoourexpandingwaistlines,junkfooddietandinactivity.Someexpertsfeelthatthemostcommonformofdiabetesispreventablewithaproperdiet—andregularactivity.Indiabetics,thehormoneinsulin（荷尔蒙胰岛素）doesnotproperlyregulateglucose（葡萄糖）levelsintheblood.Whenpeopleexercise,thebodyfuelstheactivitybytakingglucoseoutoftheirbloodtouseforenergy.

ExerciseCanHelpPatientsSufferingfromtheFollowingDiseases

HeartAttacksandStroke.Oneofthesimplest,safest,leastexpensiveandmosteffectivestrategiesforimprovinghearthealthisfrequentlyneglected:

exercise.Itreducesbloodpressureandcanhelpraisethelevelof“good”cholesterol（胆固醇），whilelowering“bad”cholesterolwhencombinedwithdietarychanges.

Remember:

foreveryonepercentreductioninbloodcholesterol,theoccurrenceofcoronary（冠状动脉的）heartdiseaseisreducedbytwopercent.Moreover,peoplewhoexerciseonehourperdaycuttheirriskforstrokenearlyinhalf,accordingtoastudyof11,130HarvardUniversityalumni（男女校友）.

MentalHealth.WhenaskedwhyshestartedswimmingduringherfreshmanyearatBostonUniversity,world-classenduranceswimmerJulieRidgereplied,“Itwasamentalthing.”Whilesedentarypeoplemayassumethatworkingoutisaboutlookinggood，habitualexerciserslikeRidgeknowthatitislargelyaboutfeelinggood.Agrowingbodyofresearchshowsthatphysicalactivitydoes,indeed,exerta“feelgood”effectthatcanworkasapowerfultreatmentfordepression.

Arthritis.Manypeople—includingsomephysicians—stillhaven’theardthenewmessagethatexercisecanhelppeoplewitharthritisnowaffectingnearly43millionAmericans.“We’vecomefromthinkingthatphysicalfitnesswasimpossibleforpeoplewitharthritistoknowthatexerciseisoneofthebestwaystomanage