高中生英语写作典型错误例析Word文档下载推荐.docx
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我们全家都喜欢(这只)狗。
可错误例句所传递的信息却是:
我们全家都像狗!
英语中的like主要用作动词(“喜欢”)、名词(“爱好”)形容词和介词(“像”)。
弄清“like众兄弟”(like,unlike,dislike,likely,alike,looklike,wouldlike,feellike)的词性和搭配很有必要,以便做到触类旁通。
2.【误】Ourschoollibraryisopenedfrom9amto7pmfromMondaytoFridayandclosedonweekends.
【正】Ourschoollibraryisopenfrom9amto7pmfromMondaytoFridayandclosedonweekends.
【解析】open既可用作动词、名词,还可以用作形容词。
3.【误】Thosewhostronglyagainsttheideathinkanimalswilllosetheirfreedomandnatureifcagedinthezoo.
【正】Thosewhoarestronglyagainsttheideathinkanimalswilllosetheirfreedomandnatureifcagedinthezoo.
【解析】误将介词作动词:
against(“反对”)在英文中是介词而不是动词,用介词表达动作意义,要加助动词be;
for为其反义词,意为“同意”。
4.【误】Withmoreandmorecarscomeintoourfamilies,wearehappythatithasgreatlyimprovedourlife.
【正】Withmoreandmorecarscomingintoourfamilies,wearehappythatithasgreatlyimprovedourlife.
【正】Asmoreandmorecarscomeintoourfamilies,wearehappythatithasgreatlyimprovedourlife.
【解析】误把介词当连词:
①“随着”with---as;
②“像......一样”like---as;
③“当”during---when;
④“因为”becauseof---because;
⑤“尽管”inspiteof/despite---though;
⑥“为了”inorderto---inorderthat。
前者为(短语)介词,后跟名词或名词性短语,后者是从属连词,接状语从句。
5.【误】Inmyopinion,cheatinginexaminationsisunfairforthoseworkhardstudents.
【正】Inmyopinion,cheatinginexaminationsisunfairforthosehard-workingstudents.
【解析】hardwork(adj.+n.名词短语),workhard(v.+adv.动词短语),hard-working(adj.合成形容词)。
词性容易搞混的还有good/well,health/healthy,relax/relaxed,thank/thanks/thankful,pass/passed/past等。
二、措词不当
1.【误】NotuntilIgotbacktothehoteldidIrealizeIhadforgottenmyluggageinthetaxi.
【正】NotuntilIgotbacktothehoteldidIrealizeIhadleftmyluggageinthetaxi.
【解析】表示把某物“遗忘,落下”,句中有地点状语时要用leave。
2.【误】Underthehelpofmyclassmatesandteachers,ImanagedtomakeupforthelessonsIhadmissed.
【正】Withthehelpofmyclassmatesandteachers,ImanagedtomakeupforthelessonsIhadmissed.
【正】Thankstothehelpofmyclassmatesandteachers,ImanagedtomakeupforthelessonsIhadmissed.
【解析】思维方式差异:
“在......的帮助下”实则是“由于......的帮助”,under常用于undertheleadership/protectionof...。
3.【误】Inthiswaywecanavoidsufferingfromthepowerofexams.
【正】Inthiswaywecanavoidsufferingfromthepressureofexams.
【解析】同义近义词混淆:
power(“能力,权力,电源”);
pressure/stress(外界的“压力”);
strength(内在的“力量,劲”)。
此类名词还有question(问题)与problem(难题);
advice(忠告)与suggestion(建议);
company(公司)与factory(工厂);
people(一些人)与person(个别人)。
4.【误】Allmyfamilywelcomeyousomuch.
【正】Myfamilyexpectyourarrivalsomuch.
【正】Everymemberofmyfamilyexpectsyourarrival.
【正】MyparentsandIaremorethanpleasedtohaveyouwithus.
【解析】第一印象词:
welcomeyou属直译。
变通表达,效果更佳。
5.【误】Yesterdayafternoonanadultceremonywasheldtocongratulateourcoming18thbirthday.
【正】Yesterdayafternoonanadultceremonywasheldtocelebrateourcoming18thbirthday.
【解析】受母语影响,遣词欠准确:
congratulate(对别人取得的成就口头表示祝贺),celebrate(通过搞“派对”、送礼物等活动进行庆祝)。
6.【误】Ihopethechancewillnotcauseyoutoomuchtrouble.
【正】Ihopethechangewillnotcauseyoutoomuchtrouble.
【解析】张冠李戴:
chance与change“长得很像”,但用法迥异。
又如:
tried与tired。
三、用法不妥
1.【误】I’mwritetoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontesttobeheldinourschoolonJune1st.
【正】I’mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontesttobeheldinourschoolonJune1st.
【解析】“四不像”:
bedo既非一般现在时或现在进行时,也不是被动语态或系表结构。
2.【误】Iwasexcitedtohearthatyou’llcometoBeijingtospendtheChineseNewYear.
【正】I’mexcitedtohearthatyou’llcometoBeijingtospendtheChineseNewYear.
【解析】时态有误:
不是当时兴奋了一阵子,(回信时)高兴劲儿应该还在。
3.【误】TurntotheInternettofinishourhomeworkhasaterribleimpactonourpotentialdevelopment.
【正】TurningtotheInternettofinishourhomeworkhasaterribleimpactonourpotentialdevelopment.
【解析】动词原形不能作主语。
4.【误】Inaddition,theycanlookingupsomeEnglishwordsordownloadsomeusefulinformation.
【正】Inaddition,theycanlookupsomeEnglishwordsordownloadsomeusefulinformation.
【解析】情态动词后不能跟不定式、-ing式或过去分词。
5.【误】Finallywewereshownaroundtheplaygroundatthefarbackoftheschool,wherethereweresomeboyshadafootballgame.
【正】Finallywewereshownaroundtheplaygroundatthefarbackoftheschool,wherethereweresomeboyshavingafootballgame.
【解析】Therebesb.doingsth.属固定句式,-ing表示主动关系。
6.【误】Ihopethatyoucanagreemetojoinyourclub.
【正】Ihopethatyoucanallowmetojoinyourclub.
【解析】动词agree,hope,demand等后不能跟不定式做宾补(agree/demand/hopesbtodo)。
7.【误】Notbothofthedriversare