选修七Unit4SharingWord下载.docx
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Now,researchersatMIThavedevelopedameansofgettingbackmemoriesinmicesufferingfromAlzheimer'
s.Themethodreliesonatechniquethatuseslighttocontrolgeneticallymodifiedneurons（转基因神经元）.Currentlyitistooearlytobeusedinhumantrialsasitinvolvesinsertinglightemitting（发光）equipmentintothesubjects'
brains,butthesameprinciplesstillapply,theresearcherssaid.
“Theimportantpointisthatthisisevidenceoftheconcept.Thatis,evenifamemoryseemstobegone,itisstillthere.It'
samatterofhowtogetitback，”saidtheseniorresearcherSusumuTonegawa.
Theteamtooktwogroupsofmice,onegeneticallyengineeredtodevelopAlzheimer'
sandonehealthy.Theythenplacedthemintoaroomandgavethemamildelectricshock.Allofthemiceshowedfearwhenputbackanhourlater.Whenplacedintheroomathirdtimeseveraldayslater,theAlzheimer'
smiceactednormally.Theyhadforgottentheshock.
Theresearcherswerethenabletobringbackthememoryoftheshockbyactivating（激活）thecellsinwhichthememorieswerestored.Evenwhenthemicewereputintoanunfamiliarroom,theyshowedfearwhenthecellsassociatedwiththeshockwereactivated.
“Short termmemoriesseemtobenormalinorderofhours.Butforlong termmemories,theseearly Alzheimer'
smiceseemtobedamaged，”saidtheleadresearcherDheerajRoy.“Directlyactivatingthecellsthatwebelieveareholdingthememoryhelpsthemgetitback.Thissuggeststhatitisindeedanaccessproblemtotheinformation,notthattheyareunabletolearnorstorethismemory.”
[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了利用光控制转基因神经元使早老性痴呆病患者恢复记忆的技术。
1．WhatcanwelearnabouttheresearchersatMIT?
A．Theyarethepioneersofbrainresearch.
B．Theyhaveusedthemethodinhumantrials.
C．TheycancureAlzheimer'
susingthenewmethod.
D．TheycangetbackmemoriesinmicewithAlzheimer'
s.
解析：
细节理解题。
根据第二段的第一句“Now，researchersatMIThavedevelopedameansofgettingbackmemoriesinmicesufferingfromAlzheimer'
s.”可知，他们能够使患有早老性痴呆病的老鼠恢复记忆。
答案：
D
2．WhydidtheAlzheimer'
smicebehavenormallythethirdtime?
A．Theyfailedtoremembertheelectricshock.
B．Theywereaccustomedtothesituation.
C．Theymanagedtoovercomethefear.
D．Theyactivatedtheassociationautomatically.
根据第四段的“theAlzheimer'
smiceactednormally.Theyhadforgottentheshock.”可知，这些老鼠忘记了受到的电击。
3．Forlong termmemories,theearly Alzheimer'
smice.
A．cantransformtheirbraincells
B．can'
tlearnnewtrickswell
C．caneasilygetbacktheirmemories
D．can'
taccesstheinformationstored
推理判断题。
根据最后一段的“Butforlong termmemories，theseearly Alzheimer'
smiceseemtobedamaged”和“Directlyactivating...thismemory”可知，对于长期记忆来说，这些处于早老性痴呆病早期的老鼠因为（脑细胞）已经被损害，不能获得这种已经储存的信息。
4．Themainpurposeofthetextisto.
A．introduceamethodofaresearch
B．reportthelatestdiscoveryaboutadisease
C．giveadviceonhowtoimprovememories
D．explainhowabrainstoresinformation
作者意图题。
通读全文可知，本文的主要目的是报道关于早老性痴呆病的最新发现。
B
Ifyoufollowedthe2019OlympicGames,youmayhavenoticedthatseveralathletes,includingUSswimmerMichaelPhelps,hadcircularbruisesontheirbodies.Thesebruisesweretheresultof“cupping（拔火罐）therapy”，atraditionalChinesemedicinalpracticethathasbeenaroundformorethan2,000years.
Manyathletessaythattheyhavebenefitedfromthetherapy.Phelpsusedthetherapyinthefallof2019andhasuseditabouttwiceaweeksince,reportedABCNews.AnotherUSswimmer,DanaVollmer,alsobelievesthat“itreallyhelpswithbloodflow”．
However,somehavesaidthatthesupposedhealtheffectsresultfrompeople'
sfeelingthatthetreatmentworks,ratherthananyphysicaleffectofthetreatment.
Tofigureoutcuppingtherapyhasanyphysicaleffect,lastyearresearchersfromGermanycarriedoutatestinwhichafalsetreatmentwasprovided.
Inthestudy,thesametypeofcupswasusedintherealtreatmentandthefalsetreatment.Butinthefalsetreatment，thecupshadaholeatthetopsothattheycouldn'
tcreatethepropersuction（吸力）．
Thetestedpatients,whosufferedfromadisorderthatcausedalotofpain,weretoldthattheywouldreceiveeithertraditionalcuppingor“softcupping”.Buttheywerenotinformedthattheso called“softcupping”wasafalsetreatment.
Itturnedoutthatmostpatientscorrectlyguessedwhichkindofcuppingtheyhadreceived.Inbothgroups,patientsalsoexperiencedaboutthesamereductionsinpain.“Theresultssuggesttheeffectsofcuppingtherapymightcomefromf
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