英国文学期末考试精心整理文档格式.doc
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thebourgeoisie,thearistocratic,theproletariat
3）Definition:
Romanticismisatermappliedtoliteraryandartisticmovementsofthelate18thand19thcentury,Beginningasarevoltagainstclassicism.TherehavebeenmanyvarietiesofRomanticisminmanydifferenttimesandplaces.ManyoftheideasofEnglishRomanticismwerefirstexpressedbythepoetsWilliamWordsworthandSamuelTaylorColeridge.
4）Representativewriters:
①ThefirstgenerationofRomanticpoets（LakePoets）
a.WilliamWordsworth
b.SamuelTaylorColeridge
c.RobertSouthey
②ThesecondgenerationofRomanticpoets:
a.GeorgeGordonByron
b.PercyByssheShelley
c.JohnKeats
③TheRomanticnovelists:
a.WalterScott（historicalnovelist）
b.JaneAusten
④TheRomanticEssayist:
CharlesLamb
5）WilliamWordsworth（1770-1850）
①MajorWorks:
a.LyricalBallads（ajointworkofWordsworthandColeridgein1798）
Coleridge’smasterpieceTheRimeoftheAncientMarinerisincluded
b.Longpoem:
Prelude（1805-1806）orGrowthofaPoet’sMind
１.Itisalongandautobiographicalpoemconsideredhismasterpiece.
２.Ithas13books,analyzingthegrowthofhispoeticgeniusduringhischildhoodandyouth,andrecallsthelessonsheowestonature.
c.LinesComposedaFewMilesAboveTinternAbbey
d.LucyPoems:
ShedweltAmongtheUntroddenWays
ItravelledAmongUnknownMen
e.IWanderedLonelyasaCloud（iambicpentermeter）
Whatisthepoemabout?
Thepoemisaboutbeautyofnature;
Thereisvividpictureofthedaffodilshere,mixedwithpoet’sphilosophicalandmysticalthoughts.
f.Sonnets:
ComposeduponWestminsterBridge,September3,1802;
London,1802.
g.ThesolitaryReaper（iambictetrameter）
②Theprinciplesofpoetry:
“Allgoodpoetryisthespontaneousoverflowofpowerfulfeelings,whichoriginatesinemotionrecollectedintranquility.”
6）GeorgeGordonByron（1788-1824）
①Representativeworks:
a.Twolongpoems:
“ChildeHarold’sPilgrimage”
“DonJuan”（hissatiricmasterpiece）
b.Twopoeticaldrama:
“Manfred”
“Cain”
c.OrientalTales:
“Giaour”（1813）
“TheCorsair”（1814）
“Lara”（1814）
“TheBrideofAbydos”（1813）
“Parisina”
“ThesiegeofCorinth”（1816）
d.ShortLyrics（nature,love,andpoliticalaspiration）
“SheWalksinBeauty”
“WhenWeTwoParted”
“HebrewMelodies”
“SonnetonChillon”
②ByronicHero（characterisics）
a.Beingarebel
b.Havingadistanceforsocialinstitutions
c.Beinganexile
d.Expressingalackofrespectforrankandprivilege
e.Havinggreattalent
f.Hidinganunsavory（令人生厌的）past
g.Beinghighlypassionate
h.Ultimately,beingself-destructive
PS:
Mysterious,Gloomy,Passionate,Arrogant.
③ChildeHarold’sPilgrimage:
a.Alongpoemwith4cantos:
“ThefirstcantoofthepoemisdevotedtoPortugalandSpain;
”
“ThesecondcantodealwithAlbaniaandGreece;
“ThethirdcantobeginsandendswiththetouchingaddressoftheAuthortohisdaughter,Ada.”
“ThefourthcantosingsthebeautyofItaly.”
b.Philosophicalandpoliticalviews
c.TheconceptofByronichero
d.AutobiographicalbaseduponByron’stravels
e.SpenserianStanzas（9-linestanza,rhymed“ababbcbcc”）
④TheIslesofGreece:
a.AGreeksingerattheweddingofDonJuanandHaidee;
b.Byron’smosteffectivepoeticalutterancesonnationalfreedom
c.Contrast:
strugglefortheirnationalfreedomandliberation
d.ThefreedomenjoyedbytheGreekancientpeople
e.Theenslavementoftheearly19thcenturyGreeks.
7）PercyByssheShelley（1792-1822）
①LiteraryWorks:
“QueenMab”（ChartistBible）
“TherevoltofIslam”（SpenserianStanzas）
b.Twolyricaldramas:
“PrometheusUnbound”（OriginatesfromtheGreektragedianAeschylus’splayPROMETHEUSBOUND）
“TheCenci”
c.ThreeOdes:
OdetotheWestWind
TotheSkylark
TheCloud
d.TheMasqueofAnarchy
e.ADefenseofPoetry
f.Ozymandias（OctaveandSestet）
g.ASong:
MenofEngland（献给英格兰人民之歌）
→Theme:
ItisnotonlyacrycallinguponallworkingpeopleofEnglandtoriseupagainsttheirpoliticaloppressors,butalsoanaddresstopointouttothemtheintolerableinjusticeofeconomicexploitation.
→RhetoricalDevices:
a.Contrastbetweenhostileclasses:
bourgeoisieandproletariat
b.Rhetoricquestion
c.Metonymy
d.Metaphor
e.Parallelism
②OdetotheWestWind（ImportantPoint）
a.Rhyme（格律）:
thispoem’sstanzaconsistsofasetoffourtercets（三行体）,closedbyacoupletrhymingwiththemiddlelineoftheprecedingter
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