四级英语真题及答案解析Word下载.doc

四级英语真题及答案解析Word下载.doc

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3.为了改变这种状况，我认为…

DueAttentionShouldBeGivenToSpelling

PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

CaughtintheWeb

Afewmonthsago,itwasn'

tunusualfor47-year-oldCarlaToebetospend15hoursperday

online.She'

dwakeupearly,turnonherlaptopandchatonInternetdatingsitesandinstant-messagingprograms–leavingherbedforonlybriefintervals.Herhouseholdbillspiledup,alongwiththedishesanddirtylaundry,butittooknear-constantcomplaintsfromherfourdaughtersbeforesherealizedshehadaproblem.

"

Iwasstartingtofeellikemywholeworldwasfallingapart–kindofslippingintoadepression,"

saidCarla."

IknewthatifIdidn'

tgetoffthedatingsites,I'

djustkeepgoing,"

detaching（使脱离）herselffurtherfromtheoutsideworld.

Toebe'

sconclusion:

Shefeltlikeshewas"

addicted"

totheInternet.She'

snotalone.

ConcernaboutexcessiveInternetuseisn'

tnew.Asfarbackas1995,articlesinmedicaljournalsandtheestablishmentofaPennsylvaniatreatmentcenterforoverusersgeneratedinterestinthesubject.There'

sstillnoconsensusonhowmuchtimeonlineconstitutestoomuchorwhetheraddictionispossible.ButasrelianceontheWebgrows,therearesignsthatthequestionisgettingmoreseriousattention:

Lastmonth,astudypublishedinCNSSpectrumsclaimedtobethefirstlarge-scalelookatexcessiveInternetuse.TheAmericanPsychiatricAssociationmayconsiderlistingInternetaddictioninthenexteditionofitsdiagnosticmanual.AndscoresofonlinediscussionboardshavepoppeduponwhichpeoplediscussnegativeexperiencestiedtotoomuchtimeontheWeb.

There'

snoquestionthatthere'

repeoplewho'

reseriouslyintroublebecausethey'

reoverdoingtheirInternetinvolvement,"

saidpsychiatrist（精神科医生）IvanGoldberg.Goldbergcallstheproblemadisorderratherthanatrueaddiction.

JonathanBishop,aresearcherinWalesspecializinginonlinecommunities,ismoreskeptical.

TheInternetisanenvironment,"

hesaid."

Youcan'

tbeaddictedtotheenvironment."

Bishopdescribestheproblemassimplyamatterofpriorities,whichcanbesolvedbyencouragingpeopletoprioritizeotherlifegoalsandplansinplaceoftimespentonline.

ThenewCNSSpectrumsstudywasbasedonresultsofanationwidetelephonesurveyofmorethan2,500adults.Likethe2005survey,thisonewasconductedbyStanfordUniversityresearchers.

About6%ofrespondentsreportedthat"

theirrelationshipssufferedbecauseofexcessiveInternetuse."

About9%attemptedtoconceal"

nonessentialInternetuse,"

andnearly4%reportedfeeling"

preoccupiedbytheInternetwhenoffline."

About8%saidtheyusedtheInternetasawaytoescapeproblems,andalmost14%reportedthey"

foundithardtostayawayfromtheInternetforseveraldaysatatime."

"

TheInternetproblemisstillinitsinfancy,"

saidEliasAboujaoude,aStanfordprofessor.Nosingleonlineactivityistoblameforexcessiveuse,hesaid."

They'

reonlineinchatrooms,checkinge-mail,orwritingblogs.[Theproblemis]notlimitedtoporn（色情）orgambling"

websites.

ExcessiveInternetuseshouldbedefinednotbythenumberofhoursspentonlinebut"

intermsoflosses,"

saidMaressaOrzack,aHarvardUniversityprofessor."

Ifit'

saloss[where]you'

renotgettingtowork,andfamilyrelationshipsarebreakingdownasaresult,thenit'

stoomuch."

Sincetheearly1990s,severalclinicshavebeenestablishedintheU.S.totreatheavyInternetusers.TheyincludetheCenterforInternetAddictionRecoveryandtheCenterforInternetBehavior.

ThewebsiteforOrzack'

scenterliststhefollowingamongthepsychologicalsymptomsofcomputeraddiction:

●Havingasenseofwell-being（幸福）orexcitementwhileatthecomputer.

●Longingformoreandmoretimeatthecomputer.

●Neglectoffamilyandfriends.

●Feelingempty,depressedorirritablewhennotatthecomputer.

●Lyingtoemployersandfamilyaboutactivities.

●Inabilitytostoptheactivity.

●Problemswithschoolorjob.

Physicalsymptomslistedincludedryeyes,backaches,skippingmeals,poorpersonalhygiene

（卫生）andsleepdisturbances.

PeoplewhostrugglewithexcessiveInternetusemaybedepressedorhaveothermooddisorders,Orzacks