MineSafety煤矿安全大学毕业论文英文文献翻译及原文Word文档下载推荐.docx

MineSafety煤矿安全大学毕业论文英文文献翻译及原文Word文档下载推荐.docx

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文献、资料中文题目：

煤矿安全

文献、资料英文题目：

Minesafety

文献、资料来源：

文献、资料发表（出版）日期：

院（部）：

专业：

班级：

姓名：

学号：

指导教师：

翻译日期：

2017.02.14

附录：

外文资料与中文翻译

外文资料：

Coalmininghistoricallyhasbeenahazardousoccupationbut,inrecentyears,tremendousprogresshasbeenmadeinreducingaccidentalcoalminedeathsandinjuries.themainaspectisasfollowing：

⑴Safetyofmineventilation

•PurposesofMineVentilation

•Properlyengineeredcontrolofthemineatmosphereisrequiredto:

•providefreshair（oxygen）formentobreathe

•provideasourceofoxygenforinternalcombustionenginesinmachinery

•diluteatmosphericcontaminantstoacceptablelevels

•maintaintemperatureandhumiditywithinacceptablelimits

•removeatmosphericcontaminantsfromthemine.

Mineventilationistwofoldinpurpose:

first,itmaintainslife,andsecondlyitcarriesoffdangerousgases.Thehistoricroleofventilationwastoprovideaflowoffreshairsufficienttoreplacetheoxygenconsumedbytheminersworkingunderground.Today'

smineventilationprimarilydealswithnoxiousgases（mainlygeneratedbytracklessequipmentunderground）.

Canariesaresaidtohavebeenusedtodetectgasincoalminesintheearlystagesofcoalmining.Thissensitivebirdwouldbetakenintotheworkingsand,ifitperished,thecollierswouldimmediatelyleavethemine.Inthe1920sthehand-turnedfanswerereplacedwithair-poweredsmallturbinefans.Largefansofthesuctiontypewereplacedonthesurfaceandgraduallyincreasedinsize.Airfromsurfacecompressorswaspipedintotheminetopowermachineryandtoassistinventilation.

Unlesstheairisproperlydistributedtotheface,themineventilationsystemisnotperformingitsprimaryfunction[1].Whileithasalwaysbeenrecognizedthatthislastpartofventilationisthemostimport,itisalsothemostdifficulttoachieve.

TheprimarymeansofproducingandcontrollingtheairflowarealsoillustratedonFigure1.Mainfans,eithersinglyorincombination,handlealloftheairthatpassesthroughtheentiresystem.Theseareusually,butnotnecessarily,locatedonsurface,eitherexhaustingairthroughthesystemasshownonFigure1or,alternatively,connectedtodowncastshaftsormainintakesandforcingairintoandthroughthesystem.Becauseoftheadditionalhazardsofgasesanddustthatmaybothbeexplosive,legislationgoverningtheventilationofcoalminesisstricterthanformostotherundergroundfacilities.Inmanycountries,themainventilationfansforcoalminesarerequired,bylaw,tobeplacedonsurfaceandmayalsobesubjecttootherrestrictionssuchasbeinglocatedoutoflinewiththeconnectedshaftordriftandequippedwith"

blow-out"

panelstohelpprotectthefanincaseofamineexplosion.

StoppingsandSeals:

Indevelopingamine,connectionsarenecessarilymadebetweenintakesandreturns.Whenthesearenolongerrequiredforaccessorventilation,theyshouldbeblockedbystoppingsinordertopreventshort-circuitingoftheairflow.Stoppingscanbeconstructedfrommasonry,concreteblocksorfireproofedtimberblocks.Prefabricatedsteelstoppingsmayalsobeemployed.Stoppingsshouldbewellkeyedintotheroof,floorandsides,particularlyifthestrataareweakorincoalminesliabletospontaneouscombustion.Leakagecanbereducedbycoatingthehighpressurefaceofthestoppingwithasealantmaterialandparticularattentionpaidtotheperimeter.Hereagain,inweakorchemicallyactivestrata,suchcoatingsmaybeextendedtotherocksurfacesforafewmetresbackfromthestopping.Incaseswheretheairwaysareliabletoconvergence,precautionsshouldbetakentoprotectstoppingsagainstprematurefailureorcracking.Thesemeasurescanvaryfrom"

crushpads"

locatedatthetopofthestoppingtoslidingordeformablepanelsonprefabricatedstoppings.Inallcases,componentsofstoppingsshouldbefireproofandshouldnotproducetoxicfumeswhenheated.

Asashorttermmeasure,fire-resistantbratticecurtainsmaybetackedtoroof,sidesandfloortoprovidetemporarystoppingswherepressuredifferentialsarelowsuchasinlocationsclosetotheworkingareas.

Whereabandonedareasofaminearetobeisolatedfromthecurrentventilationinfrastructure,sealsshouldbeconstructedattheentrancesoftheconnectingairways.Ifrequiredtobeexplosion-proof,theseconsistoftwoormorestoppings,5to10metresapart,withtheinterveningspaceoccupiedbysand,stonedust,compactednon-flammablerockwaste,cement-basedfillorothermanufacturedmaterial.Steelgirders,lacedbetweenroofandflooraddstructuralstrength.Groutingthesurroundingstrataaddstotheintegrityofthesealinweakground.Incoalmines,mininglaworprudentregardforsafetymayrequiresealstobeexplosion-pr